Ƙididdigar tushen haske: Makomar ƙididdiga mai haske

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• Sunan marubuci

  Quantumrun Haskaka
• Fabrairu 26, 2024

Takaitacciyar fahimta

Abubuwan ci gaba na baya-bayan nan a cikin ƙididdigar ƙididdigewa na tushen haske suna ba da shawarar canji a cikin fasahar ƙididdigewa, ƙaura daga hanyoyin gargajiya zuwa amfani da ɓangarorin haske don sarrafawa. Wannan sauye-sauye ya yi alƙawarin ingantacciyar hanyar warware matsalolin da sauri a fagage daban-daban da yuwuwar fa'idodin muhalli saboda rage buƙatun makamashi. Waɗannan ci gaban kuma suna tayar da tambayoyi masu mahimmanci game da tsaro na bayanai, haɓaka kasuwancin aiki, da gasa ta fasaha ta duniya.

Halin ƙididdigewa na tushen haske

Ci gaba da dama sun bayyana a cikin ƙididdigar ƙididdigewa na tushen haske. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta tushen haske, ko ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta photonic, tana amfani da photons (barbashi masu haske) don yin lissafi. Sabanin haka, na'urar kwamfuta ta gargajiya tana amfani da da'irar lantarki da ragowa. A cikin watan Yuni 2023, masu binciken MIT sun gano cewa gubar-halide perovskite nanoparticles na iya samar da daidaiton kwararar photons. Wadannan kayan ba wai kawai suna da alƙawarin samar da hasken rana na gaba ba saboda ƙananan nauyi da sauƙi na samarwa, amma kuma sun fi dacewa da damar su a cikin fasahar zamani saboda ana iya yin su cikin sauƙi da kuma amfani da su a saman kamar gilashi.

Sa'an nan kuma, a watan Oktoban shekarar 2023, masana kimiyyar kasar Sin sun yi wani gagarumin ci gaba da sabuwar kwamfutarsu mai amfani da haske mai suna Jiuzhang 3.0, wadda ta kafa wani sabon tarihi a duniya ta hanyar gano photon 255, wanda ya zarce na farko na Jiuzhang 2.0 na photon 113. Wannan ci gaban yana ba da damar Jiuzhang 3.0 don yin sau miliyan cikin sauri fiye da Jiuzhang 2.0 wajen magance matsalolin Samfur na Gaussian boson, ƙirar lissafi mai rikitarwa da ake amfani da ita a cikin ƙididdigar ƙididdiga. Abin sha'awa shine, Jiuzhang 3.0 na iya aiwatar da samfuran samfuran Gaussian boson mafi rikitarwa a cikin daƙiƙa ɗaya kawai, aikin da mafi sauri supercomputer a duniya, Frontier, zai buƙaci sama da shekaru biliyan 20 don kammalawa. 

A ƙarshe, a cikin Janairu 2024, masana kimiyyar Jafananci sun ba da sanarwar ci gaba mai mahimmanci wajen kawar da buƙatar ƙarancin yanayin zafi da injina na tushen haske ke buƙata. Nasarar su ta ƙunshi babban aikin "hasken haske" don watsa bayanai don gina kwamfuta mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi nan da 2030. Wannan haɓaka yana ba da yuwuwar scalability da fa'idodin ingancin wutar lantarki akan sauran hanyoyin kamar superconducting da kwamfutoci na tushen silicon.

Tasiri mai rudani

Ana sa ran ci gaban ƙididdiga na tushen haske zai inganta ingantaccen ƙididdigewa da sauri. Ƙarfin wannan fasaha na yin aiki a cikin zafin jiki yana rage buƙatar tsarin sanyaya mai rikitarwa, yana mai da shi mafi dacewa da muhalli kuma mai tsada. Ƙarfafa haɓakawa da ƙananan farashin aiki na iya ƙarfafa ɗimbin fa'ida na fasahar lissafin ƙididdiga a sassa daban-daban, haɓaka bincike da haɓakawa a cikin bayanan ɗan adam, kimiyyar kayan aiki, da cryptography.

Haɓaka ƙididdige ƙididdiga na tushen haske na iya haifar da ƙarin sauri da araha ga albarkatun ƙididdigewa. Wannan canjin zai iya haifar da ingantaccen tsaro na mutum ta hanyar ingantattun hanyoyin ɓoyewa don kariyar bayanai. A cikin ilimi, irin waɗannan ci gaban na iya samarwa ɗalibai da masu bincike sabbin kayan aikin koyo da ganowa. Bugu da ƙari, yayin da wannan fasaha ta girma, zai iya haifar da sababbin damar aiki da hanyoyin aiki a cikin ƙididdigar ƙididdiga da masana'antu masu alaƙa.

Gwamnatoci za su iya ganin waɗannan ci gaban a matsayin wata dama ta haɓaka ƙwarewar ƙasa a fannin kimiyya da fasaha. Zuba hannun jari a ƙididdigar ƙididdigewa na tushen haske na iya haɓaka ƙimar ƙasa a cikin manyan masana'antu da bincike. Wannan fasaha na iya buƙatar sabuntawa a cikin tsarin tsari, musamman game da tsaro na bayanai, don magance sabbin ƙalubalen da ke tattare da ƙwarewar ƙira. Bugu da ƙari, gwamnatoci na iya buƙatar haɓaka haɗin gwiwa tsakanin masana'antu, masana'antu, da cibiyoyin bincike don yin cikakken amfani da yuwuwar ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta haske.

Tasirin ƙididdigewa na tushen haske

Faɗin fa'idodin ƙididdiga na tushen haske na iya haɗawa da: 

• Ingantattun damar lissafin ƙididdiga a cikin sassan bincike, wanda ke haifar da sauri da ingantaccen ƙirar yanayin yanayi da sakamakon binciken cututtuka.
• Gaggauta ganowa da haɓaka sabbin kayayyaki da magunguna, rage lokaci da tsadar kawo waɗannan zuwa kasuwa.
• Ƙara yawan buƙatun hanyoyin ɓoyayye masu jure ƙididdiga, wanda ke haifar da hauhawar saka hannun jari na cybersecurity da ƙirƙira a cikin fasahar kariyar bayanai.
• Canje-canje a cikin mayar da hankali ga ilimi zuwa lissafin ƙididdiga da fannoni masu alaƙa, ƙirƙirar sabbin damar koyo da hanyoyin aiki a cikin fasahohi masu tasowa.
• Gwamnatocin da ke saka hannun jari a cikin ayyukan ƙididdiga masu ƙididdigewa da ilimi, da nufin samun gasa a cikin jagorancin fasahar fasahar duniya.
• Canje-canje a yanayin yanayin siyasa, yayin da al'ummomi ke fafutukar samun rinjaye a cikin ikon lissafin ƙididdiga, mai yuwuwar haifar da sabbin ƙawance da fafatawa.
• Ƙaddamar da dimokraɗiyya na albarkatun ƙididdiga masu girma, ba da damar ƙananan kamfanoni da cibiyoyin bincike don yin gogayya da manyan ƙungiyoyi.
• Tashi cikin hanyoyin ƙididdige makamashi masu inganci da muhalli, yana ba da gudummawa ga rage sawun carbon a cikin masana'antar fasaha.
• Canjin tsarin kasuwanci a sassa kamar kuɗi da dabaru saboda haɓaka haɓakawa da iya yin ƙira.
• Kalubalen shari'a da ɗa'a da suka taso daga ƙwarewar ƙididdiga na ci gaba, waɗanda ke buƙatar sabbin ƙa'idoji da tsarin gudanarwa.

Tambayoyin da za a duba

• Ta yaya haɗa ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta tushen haske zuwa masana'antu daban-daban na iya sake fasalin kasuwar aiki?
• Ta waɗanne hanyoyi ne ci gaban ƙididdiga na ƙididdiga zai iya shafar tsaron bayanan duniya?