Automation na ma'aikata: Ta yaya ma'aikatan ɗan adam za su kasance masu dacewa?

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• Sunan marubuci

  Quantumrun Haskaka
• Nuwamba 6, 2023

Takaitacciyar fahimta

Automation yana canza yanayin kasuwar ƙwadago, tare da injuna suna ɗaukar ayyuka na yau da kullun, don haka tura duka cibiyoyin ilimi da ma'aikata don dacewa da ci gaban fasaha. Saurin saurin keɓancewa, musamman a fagagen na'urorin mutum-mutumi da fasaha na wucin gadi, na iya haifar da gagarumin ƙaura daga ma'aikata, da haifar da buƙatar ingantaccen ilimi da shirye-shiryen horarwa waɗanda suka dace da ayyukan nan gaba. Yayin da wannan sauyin yana ba da ƙalubale, kamar rashin daidaiton albashi da ƙauracewa aiki, yana kuma buɗe kofofin inganta daidaiton rayuwar aiki, sabbin damar yin aiki a fagagen fasaha, da yuwuwar samun ƙarin ma'aikata da aka rarraba a ƙasa.

Automation na mahallin ma'aikata

Yin aiki da kai yana faruwa shekaru aru-aru. Sai dai kuma, a baya-bayan nan ne na’urori suka fara sauya ma’aikatan da ke aiki a kan manyan mutane saboda ci gaban da ake samu na injina da na’ura mai kwakwalwa. A cewar Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Duniya (WEF), a shekarar 2025, za a rasa ayyukan yi miliyan 85 a duniya a matsakaita da manyan masana'antu a masana'antu 15 da kasashe 26, sakamakon sarrafa kansa da sabon rabon aiki tsakanin mutane da injuna.

"Sabon aiki da kai" na shekaru da dama masu zuwa - wanda zai fi dacewa a cikin injiniyoyin mutum-mutumi da fasaha na wucin gadi (AI) - zai faɗaɗa nau'ikan ayyuka da sana'o'in da injina za su iya aiwatarwa. Yana iya haifar da ƙarin ƙaura da rashin daidaiton ma'aikata fiye da na ƙarnin da suka gabata na sarrafa kansa. Wannan na iya yin tasiri sosai ga waɗanda suka kammala karatun koleji da ƙwararru fiye da yadda yake yi a baya. A zahiri, fasahohin da ke fitowa za su ga miliyoyin ayyuka sun rushe kuma an sarrafa su gaba ɗaya ko gaba ɗaya, gami da direbobin abin hawa da ma'aikatan dillalai, da na ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya, lauyoyi, masu lissafin kuɗi, da ƙwararrun kuɗi. 

Ƙirƙirar ilimi da horarwa, samar da ayyukan yi daga ma'aikata, da ƙarin albashin ma'aikata duk za su sami ci gaba daga masu ruwa da tsaki. Babban cikas shine haɓaka faɗi da ingancin ilimi da horarwa don haɓaka AI. Waɗannan sun haɗa da sadarwa, hadaddun iyawar nazari, da ƙirƙira. K-12 da makarantun gaba da sakandare dole ne su gyara manhajar karatu don yin hakan. Duk da haka, ma'aikata, a gaba ɗaya, suna farin cikin mika ayyukansu na maimaitawa ga AI. Dangane da binciken Gartner na 2021, kashi 70 na ma'aikatan Amurka suna shirye su yi aiki tare da AI, musamman wajen sarrafa bayanai da ayyukan dijital.

Tasiri mai rudani

Canjin canjin yanayi na aiki da kai ba labari ba ne gabaɗaya. Akwai kwararan shaidu da ke nuna cewa ma'aikata suna da ikon daidaitawa da wannan sabon zamanin na sarrafa kansa. Al'amuran tarihi na ci gaban fasaha cikin sauri ba su ƙare cikin rashin aikin yi ba, yana nuna wani matakin ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki da daidaitawa. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin ma'aikata da suka yi gudun hijira saboda sarrafa kansa sukan sami sabon aikin yi, ko da yake wani lokaci a rage albashi. Ƙirƙirar sabbin guraben ayyukan yi a cikin farkawa ta atomatik wani layin azurfa ne; alal misali, hauhawar ATMs ya haifar da raguwar adadin dillalan banki, amma a lokaci guda ya haifar da buƙatar wakilan sabis na abokin ciniki da sauran ayyukan tallafi. 

Koyaya, taki na musamman da ma'aunin sarrafa kansa na zamani yana haifar da ƙalubale masu mahimmanci, musamman a lokacin da ake fama da koma baya na ci gaban tattalin arziƙin da kuma rashin albashi. Wannan yanayin yana saita matakin haɓaka rashin daidaituwa inda rabon sarrafa kansa ke tarawa ba daidai ba ta waɗanda ke da kayan aikin da suka dace don yin amfani da sabbin fasahohi, yana barin matsakaicin ma'aikata cikin wahala. Mabambantan tasirin aikin sarrafa kansa yana nuna gaggawar ingantaccen martanin manufofin da aka tsara don tallafawa ma'aikata ta wannan canjin. Tushen irin wannan martani shine ƙarfafa ilimi da shirye-shiryen horarwa don wadata ma'aikata dabarun da ake buƙata don kewaya kasuwar ƙwadago ta fasaha. 

Taimako na wucin gadi yana fitowa azaman ma'auni na ɗan gajeren lokaci don tallafawa ma'aikatan da abin ya shafa. Wannan taimako zai iya haɗawa da sake horar da shirye-shirye ko tallafin kuɗi a lokacin tsaka-tsaki zuwa sabon aiki. Wasu kamfanoni sun riga sun aiwatar da shirye-shirye na ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ma'aikata don inganta aikinsu, kamar telecom Verizon's Skill Forward, wanda ke ba da horon fasaha da taushi kyauta don taimakawa ma'aikata na gaba su kafa sana'o'in fasaha.

Abubuwan da ke faruwa ta atomatik na ma'aikata

Faɗin abubuwan da ke tattare da sarrafa kansa na ma'aikata na iya haɗawa da: 

• Fadada ƙarin alawus-alawus da fa'idodi ga ma'aikata, gami da ingantaccen kuɗin harajin samun kuɗin shiga, ingantacciyar kulawar yara da hutun biya, da inshorar albashi don rage asarar ma'aikata da ake dangantawa ta atomatik.
• Bayyanar sabbin shirye-shiryen ilimi da horo, mai da hankali kan ba da ƙwarewar da suka shafi gaba kamar nazarin bayanai, ƙididdigewa, da ingantaccen hulɗa tare da injina da algorithms.
• Gwamnatocin da ke sanya wa kamfanoni wa'adin aikin yi don tabbatar da ƙayyadaddun kaso na aikin da aka keɓe ga ma'aikata na ɗan adam, tare da haɓaka daidaitaccen zaman tare na ɗan adam da aiki na atomatik.
• Wani sanannen canji a cikin buri na aiki tare da ƙarin ma'aikata da ke sake horarwa da ƙwarewa don shiga cikin fannonin da suka fi dacewa da fasaha, yana haifar da sabon magudanar ƙwaƙwalwa ga sauran masana'antu.
• Haɓaka ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin jama'a da ke ba da shawarwari game da faɗaɗa rashin daidaiton albashi da ke haifar da aiki da kai.
• Canji a cikin samfuran kasuwanci zuwa ba da sabis na ƙara ƙima, yayin da sarrafa kansa ke ɗaukar ayyuka na yau da kullun, haɓaka ƙwarewar abokin ciniki da samar da sabbin hanyoyin samun kudaden shiga.
• Bayyanar da'a na dijital a matsayin muhimmin fage na mulkin kamfani, magance damuwa game da sirrin bayanai, son rai na algorithmic, da alhakin tura fasahohin sarrafa kansa.
• Yiwuwar sake fasalin yanayin alƙaluman jama'a tare da yankunan birane mai yuwuwar shaida raguwar yawan jama'a yayin da aiki da kai ke sanya kusancin yanki don yin aiki da ƙasa da mahimmanci, yana haɓaka tsarin yawan jama'a.

Tambayoyin da za a duba

• Kuna tsammanin aikinku yana cikin haɗari na sarrafa kansa?
• Ta yaya kuma za ku iya shirya don sanya ƙwarewar ku ta dace ta fuskar haɓaka aiki da kai?