Maganin cutar microbiome: Amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta na jiki don magance cututtuka

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• Sunan marubuci

  Quantumrun Haskaka
• Fabrairu 21, 2023

Kwayoyin da ke zaune a cikin jiki, kuma aka sani da microbiome, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye lafiyar gaba ɗaya da walwala. Masana kimiyya sun fara fahimtar hadaddun hulɗar da ke tsakanin jikin ɗan adam da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke rayuwa a ciki da kuma cikinsa. Yayin da wannan fahimtar ke girma, magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na tushen ƙwayoyin cuta za su ƙara zama gama gari a cikin kula da cututtuka. Wannan tsari na iya haɗawa da yin amfani da probiotics don haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani ko haɓaka hanyoyin kwantar da hankali don magance rashin daidaituwa a cikin microbiome wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga takamaiman yanayi.

Mahallin maganin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta

Tiriliyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna mamaye jikin ɗan adam, suna ƙirƙirar microbiome mai ƙarfi wanda ke shafar ayyuka daban-daban, daga metabolism zuwa rigakafi. Haɓaka rawar da ƙwayoyin cuta ke takawa wajen kula da lafiyar ɗan adam da kula da cututtuka yana zuwa haske, yana sa masu bincike su yi niyyar injiniyan microbiome don magance yanayin kiwon lafiya da yawa. Misali, abun da ke tattare da kwayoyin cuta na hanji a cikin jarirai na iya hasashen hadarin da ke tattare da kamuwa da cututtukan numfashi kamar asma daga baya. Masu bincike a Jami'ar California San Francisco (USCF) sun ƙirƙiri hanyar shiga tsakani a cikin 2021 don jarirai masu haɗari don haɓaka lafiyarsu akan cutar. Bincike don cututtukan cututtukan hanji mai kumburi na yara (IBD) kuma yana yiwuwa ta hanyar nazarin microbiomes na gut. 

Cututtukan autoimmune kamar mahara sclerosis kuma suna da alaƙa da microbiome, kuma injiniyan microbiome na iya ba da mafi kyawun magani fiye da yawancin hanyoyin al'ada waɗanda ke kashe duk ƙwayoyin rigakafi. Hakazalika, ana amfani da microbiota na fata don kula da marasa lafiya tare da eczema. Har ila yau, motsin ƙwayoyi da haɓakawa a cikin jiki suna da alaƙa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, suna buɗe sababbin tashoshi don bincike mai ban sha'awa. 

A cikin 2022, Cibiyar Nazarin Likita ta Hudson ta Ostiraliya da BiomeBank sun shiga haɗin gwiwa na shekaru huɗu don haɗa ƙwarewar su a cikin magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta. Haɗin gwiwar yana nufin ɗaukar binciken da Cibiyar Hudson ta gudanar da kuma amfani da shi ga ganowa da haɓaka hanyoyin kwantar da hankali. BiomeBank, wani kamfani na asibiti a cikin wannan filin, zai kawo iliminsa da kwarewa don taimakawa wajen fassara binciken zuwa aikace-aikace masu amfani.

Tasiri mai rudani 

Yayin da bincike na microbiome ke ci gaba da haɓaka, ƙima na microbiome na yau da kullun zai yiwu ya zama al'ada ta gama gari don lura da lafiyar gabaɗaya, musamman tun daga ƙuruciya. Wannan tsari zai iya haɗawa da gwaji don rashin daidaituwa a cikin microbiome da aiwatar da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali don magance su. Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman wuraren da aka mayar da hankali ga bincike na microbiome shine cututtuka na autoimmune, wanda a al'ada ya kasance kalubale don magance yadda ya kamata. 

Babban adadin bincike na asibiti akan microbiome yana dogara ne akan alaƙar sa tare da cututtukan autoimmune, gami da rheumatoid amosanin gabbai, cutar Crohn, da sclerosis mai yawa, wanda ke shafar Amurkawa miliyan 24. Ko da yake kwayoyin halitta suna taka rawa wajen haɓakar waɗannan cututtuka, masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa abubuwan muhalli kuma suna tasiri ga ci gaban waɗannan cututtuka. Tare da kyakkyawar fahimtar dangantakar dake tsakanin microbiome da cututtuka na autoimmune, za a iya samar da sababbin hanyoyin magani mafi inganci. 

Yayin da yuwuwar jiyya na microbiome ke ƙara fitowa fili, kuɗi don bincike a wannan fanni na iya ƙaruwa. Wannan ci gaban na iya haifar da haɓakar kamfanonin fasahar kere-kere waɗanda ke ƙware a cikin magungunan microbiome yayin da, a lokaci guda, raguwar kason kasuwa na masu kera ƙwayoyin cuta. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ci gaban da aka samu a fannin microbiome na ɗan adam zai iya haifar da haɓakar al'ada da jiyya na yau da kullum maimakon tsarin da aka yi amfani da shi a halin yanzu a cikin magani. A wasu kalmomi, za a keɓance jiyya ga takamaiman kayan shafa na microbiome na mutum maimakon jiyya ga kowa da kowa.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da maganin cututtukan microbiome 

Mafi girman tasirin maganin cututtukan microbiome na iya haɗawa da:

• Ingantattun matakan rayuwa yayin da ƙarin cututtuka ke samun jiyya da rage alamun.  
• Ragewa a lokutan haɓaka ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu jure wa ƙwayoyin cuta biyo bayan raguwar amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Ƙara yawan amfani da gwaje-gwajen bincike na microbiome na cikin gida ga mutanen da ke sha'awar inganta lafiyarsu.
• Ƙara fahimtar mahimmancin lafiyar gut da microbiome wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin zaɓin abinci da salon rayuwa.
• Haɓaka jiyya na tushen microbiome wanda ke haifar da sabbin damar kasuwa da haɓaka a cikin fasahar kere-kere da masana'antar harhada magunguna.
• Hukumomin gwamnati suna sake duba ƙa'idodi da manufofin da suka shafi haɓaka magunguna da amincewa don lissafin jiyya na tushen microbiome.
• Jiyya na tushen Microbiome suna zama mafi tasiri ga wasu jama'a, yana haifar da rarrabuwa a cikin samun kulawa.
• Ci gaba a cikin jerin kwayoyin halitta da sauran fasahohin da ke da alaƙa don tallafawa ci gaban microbiome da juriya.
• Haɓakawa da aiwatar da jiyya na tushen microbiome waɗanda ke buƙatar horarwa da ɗaukar sabbin ƙwararru a fagen.
• Kudin jiyya na tushen microbiome na iya zama babba kuma mai araha kawai ga wasu marasa lafiya.
• Yin amfani da jiyya na tushen microbiome na iya tayar da damuwa na ɗabi'a masu alaƙa da gyare-gyaren kwayoyin halitta da sarrafa tsarin halitta.

Tambayoyin da za a duba

• Menene haɗari, idan akwai, za a iya sa ran a cikin jiyya na microbiome?
• Yaya tsada-tasiri kuke tsammanin irin waɗannan jiyya za su kasance?