Molecular robotics: Hiki i kēia mau robots microscopic ke hana i kekahi mea

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  Quantumrun Foresight
• Nowemapa 30, 2023

Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

Molecular robotics, he hana interdisciplinary ma ka nexus o robotics, molecular biology, and nanotechnology, i alakaʻi ʻia e Harvard's Wyss Institute, ke hoʻolalelale nei i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā kaula DNA i nā robots hiki ke hana i nā hana koʻikoʻi ma ka pae mole. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka CRISPR gene-editing, hiki i kēia mau robots ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā diagnostics, me nā hui e like me Ultivue a me NuProbe alakaʻi i nā forays kalepa. ʻOiai e ʻimi ana ka poʻe noiʻi i nā pūʻulu o nā robots DNA no nā hana paʻakikī, e like me nā kolone pepeke, aia nā noi honua maoli ma ka lewa, e hoʻohiki ana i ka pololei ʻole i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kahi pōmaikaʻi no ka noiʻi nanotechnology, a me ka hiki ke kūkulu i nā mea molekala ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole. .

ʻO ka pōʻaiapili robotic molekula

ʻO nā mea noiʻi ma Harvard University's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering ua hoihoi ʻia i nā hihia hoʻohana ʻē aʻe o DNA, hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu i nā ʻano like ʻole, ka nui, a me ka hana. Ua hoʻāʻo lākou i ka robotics. Ua hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o DNA a me nā robots i hoʻokahi mea - ka hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia no kahi pahuhopu kikoʻī. I ka hihia o nā robots, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma o ka code computer binary, a ma ka hihia o DNA, me nā kaʻina nucleotide. I ka makahiki 2016, ua hoʻokumu ka Institute i ka Molecular Robotics Initiative, nāna i hui pū i nā robotics, molecular biology, a me nā loea nanotechnology. Ua hauʻoli ka poʻe ʻepekema i ke kūʻokoʻa pili a me ka maʻalahi o nā molekala, hiki iā ia ke hōʻuluʻulu iā ia iho a hana i ka manawa maoli i ke kaiapuni. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia hiʻohiʻona hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau molekala programmable e hana i nā mea nanoscale i hiki ke hoʻohana i nā hihia ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka robotics molecular e nā mea hou loa i ka noiʻi genetic, ʻoi aku ka mea hana hoʻoponopono gene CRISPR (clustered mau interspaced short palindromic repeats). Hiki i kēia mea hana ke heluhelu, hoʻoponopono, a ʻoki i nā kaula DNA e like me ka mea e pono ai. Me kēia ʻenehana, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā molekala DNA i nā ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻoi aku ka pololei, e komo pū ana me nā kaapuni ola e hiki ke ʻike i kekahi maʻi i loko o ke kelepona a pepehi koke iā ia a hoʻōki paha i ka lilo ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO kēia ka manaʻo e hiki i nā robots molecular ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, diagnoses, a me therapeutics. Ke holomua nei ʻo Wyss Institute me kēia papahana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻelua mau ʻoihana kalepa: Ultivue no ke kiʻi kiko kiko kiʻekiʻe a me NuProbe no nā diagnostics nucleic acid.

Ka hopena hoʻopilikia

ʻO kekahi o nā pōmaikaʻi nui o ka molecular robotics ʻo ia ka hiki i kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi ke launa pū kekahi me kekahi e hoʻokō i nā pahuhopu paʻakikī. Ke ʻimi nei nā mea noiʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pūʻulu o nā robots i hiki ke hana i nā ʻano paʻakikī a hoʻopau i nā hana ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kekahi i kekahi ma o ke kukui infrared. ʻO kēia ʻano nanotechnology hybrid, kahi e hoʻonui ʻia ai nā palena o DNA me ka mana computing o nā robots, hiki ke loaʻa i nā noi he nui, me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻikepili ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hiki ke hopena i nā hoʻokuʻu kalapona haʻahaʻa.

I Iulai 2022, ua hana nā haumāna mai Georgia-based Emory University i nā robots molecular me nā motika DNA-based hiki ke neʻe me ka manaʻo i kahi kuhikuhi kikoʻī. Hiki i nā kaʻa ke ʻike i nā loli kemika i ko lākou kaiapuni a ʻike i ka wā e hoʻōki ai i ka neʻe ʻana a i ʻole e hoʻoponopono hou i ke ala. Ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe noiʻi he hana nui kēia ʻike i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka diagnostics no ka mea hiki i nā robots molecular swarm ke kamaʻilio i kēia manawa i ka moto-to-motor. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia hoʻomohala ʻana, hiki i kēia mau pūʻulu ke kōkua i ke kāohi ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi e like me ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ka hypertension. Eia naʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ka noiʻi ʻana ma kēia kahua i hāʻawi i kekahi mau holomua, ʻae ka hapa nui o nā ʻepekema ʻo ka nui o nā noi honua maoli o kēia mau robots liʻiliʻi he mau makahiki i hala.

Nā hopena o nā lopako molekula

ʻO nā hopena nui aʻe o ka robotic molecular hiki ke komo: 

• ʻOi aku ka pololei o ka noiʻi ʻana i nā cell kanaka, me ka hiki ke hāʻawi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā cell kikoʻī.
• Hoʻonui ʻia nā hoʻopukapuka ma ka noiʻi nanotechnology, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea mālama olakino a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau nui.
• Hiki i ka ʻoihana ʻenehana ke kūkulu i nā ʻāpana mīkini paʻakikī a me nā lako me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pūʻulu o nā robots molecular.
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea molecular-based i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi mea, mai nā lole a i nā ʻāpana hana.
• ʻO nā nanorobots hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻololi i kā lākou mau ʻāpana a me ka acidity, e hilinaʻi ana inā pono lākou e hana i loko o nā meaola a i waho paha, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i mea kūʻai nui a me nā limahana maʻalahi.

Nā nīnau e manaʻo ai

• He aha nā pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe o nā robots molecular i ka ʻoihana?
• He aha nā pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe o nā robots molecular i ka biology a me ka mālama olakino?