Molecular robotics: Cov tshuab microscopic no tuaj yeem ua txhua yam

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  Quantumrun Foresight
• Kaum ib hlis 30, 2023

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev nkag siab

Molecular robotics, ib qho kev koom tes sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov neeg hlau, molecular biology, thiab nanotechnology, spearheaded los ntawm Harvard's Wyss Institute, tab tom nthuav tawm cov kev pab cuam ntawm DNA strands rau hauv cov neeg hlau uas muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm zoo sib xws ntawm qib molecular. Leveraging CRISPR gene-editing, cov neeg hlau no tuaj yeem hloov kho kev txhim kho tshuaj thiab kev kuaj mob, nrog rau cov koom haum xws li Ultivue thiab NuProbe ua tus coj kev lag luam. Thaum cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom tshawb nrhiav swarms ntawm DNA neeg hlau rau kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, zoo li kab kab, kev siv lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag tseem nyob rau lub qab ntug, cog lus tias yuav tsis muaj qhov sib piv hauv kev xa tshuaj, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tshawb fawb nanotechnology, thiab lub peev xwm los tsim cov ntaub ntawv molecular thoob plaws ntau yam lag luam. .

Molecular robotics ntsiab lus

Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Harvard University's Wyss Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb tau xav paub txog lwm yam kev siv tau ntawm DNA, uas tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke sib txawv, ntau thiab tsawg, thiab ua haujlwm. Lawv sim robotics. Qhov kev tshawb pom no tau ua tiav vim tias DNA thiab cov neeg hlau sib koom ib yam - lub peev xwm los ua haujlwm rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv neeg hlau, lawv tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm binary computer code, thiab hauv DNA cov ntaub ntawv, nrog nucleotide sequences. Xyoo 2016, Lub Tsev Haujlwm tau tsim Molecular Robotics Initiative, uas tau coj los ua ke cov neeg hlau, molecular biology, thiab cov kws tshaj lij nanotechnology. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau zoo siab nrog cov txheeb ze kev ywj pheej thiab hloov pauv ntawm cov molecules, uas tuaj yeem ua tus kheej sib sau ua ke thiab hnov ​​​​mob hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag rau ib puag ncig. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov programmable molecules no tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom siv nanoscale uas tuaj yeem siv cov xwm txheej thoob plaws kev lag luam sib txawv.

Molecular robotics tau qhib los ntawm qhov kev hloov tshiab tshiab hauv kev tshawb nrhiav caj ces, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov gene-editing tool CRISPR (clustered tsis tu ncua interspaced luv palindromic repeats). Cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem nyeem, hloov kho, thiab txiav DNA strands raws li xav tau. Nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis no, DNA molecules tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov duab thiab cov yam ntxwv ntau dua, suav nrog cov kab hluav taws xob lom neeg uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov kab mob uas muaj peev xwm hauv lub xov tooj ntawm tes thiab txiav nws tua lossis txwv tsis pub nws los ua mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias molecular robots tuaj yeem hloov kho kev tsim kho tshuaj, kuaj mob, thiab kho mob. Wyss lub koom haum tau ua tiav zoo kawg nrog rau txoj haujlwm no, twb tau tsim ob lub tuam txhab lag luam: Ultivue rau cov ntaub so ntswg ua kom pom tseeb thiab NuProbe rau nucleic acid diagnostics.

Kev cuam tshuam

Ib qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm molecular robotics yog cov khoom siv me me no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj nyuaj. Noj cues los ntawm cov cheeb tsam ntawm kab xws li ntsaum thiab muv, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov swarms ntawm cov neeg hlau uas tuaj yeem tsim cov duab nyuaj thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm los ntawm kev sib txuas lus nrog ib leeg los ntawm lub teeb infrared. Hom nanotechnology hybrid no, qhov twg cov kev txwv ntawm DNA tuaj yeem nce ntxiv nrog kev suav lub zog ntawm cov neeg hlau, tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam kev siv, suav nrog ntau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia uas tuaj yeem ua rau qis carbon emissions.

Thaum Lub Xya Hli 2022, cov tub ntxhais kawm los ntawm Georgia-based Emory University tau tsim cov neeg hlau molecular nrog DNA-raws li lub cev muaj zog uas tuaj yeem txav mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia tshwj xeeb. Cov motors muaj peev xwm hnov ​​​​cov tshuaj hloov pauv hauv lawv ib puag ncig thiab paub thaum twg yuav tsum tsis txhob txav los yog rov kho cov kev taw qhia. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias qhov kev tshawb pom no yog ib kauj ruam loj rau kev kuaj mob thiab kuaj mob vim tias swarm molecular robots tam sim no tuaj yeem sib txuas lus lub cev mus rau lub cev muaj zog. Txoj kev loj hlob no kuj txhais tau tias cov swarms no tuaj yeem pab tswj cov kab mob ntev xws li ntshav qab zib lossis kub siab. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kev tshawb fawb hauv daim teb no tau ua tiav qee qhov kev nce qib, cov kws tshawb fawb feem ntau pom zoo tias qhov loj-loj, kev siv lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag ntawm cov neeg hlau me me no tseem nyob ntau xyoo.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm molecular robotics

Kev cuam tshuam dav ntawm molecular robotics tuaj yeem suav nrog: 

• Kev tshawb fawb ntau dua ntawm tib neeg lub hlwb, suav nrog kev xa cov tshuaj rau cov hlwb tshwj xeeb.
• Kev nqis peev ntau ntxiv hauv kev tshawb fawb nanotechnology, tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab cov chaw muag tshuaj loj.
• Kev lag luam kev lag luam tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuab ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab cov khoom siv siv cov khoom siv molecular robots.
• Kev tshawb pom ntau ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv molecular uas tuaj yeem siv rau txhua yam, los ntawm khaub ncaws mus rau qhov chaw tsim kho.
• Nanorobots uas tuaj yeem tsim los hloov lawv cov khoom thiab cov kua qaub, nyob ntawm seb lawv yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm hauv cov kab mob lossis sab nraud, ua rau lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm raug nqi thiab hloov tau yooj yim.

Cov lus nug los tawm tswv yim

• Dab tsi yog lwm cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm molecular robots hauv kev lag luam?
• Dab tsi yog lwm yam txiaj ntsig ntawm molecular robots hauv biology thiab kev kho mob?