Microplastics: Plastic nke na-adịghị apụ apụ

• Banyere chepụtara:
• Aha onye edemede

  Quantumrun ịhụ ụzọ
• April 21, 2023

Microplastics, nke bụ obere irighiri plastik, agbasala ebe niile, na-ebute nchegbu banyere mmetụta ha nwere na gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike mmadụ. Nnyocha e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya ekpughere na microplastics na-ejikọta ya na gburugburu ebe obibi ma na-ebugharị ikuku na mmiri. Omume a emewo ka mkpughe nke ihe ndị dị ndụ na microplastics ma mee ka o sie ike ijide mgbasa ha.

Ọnọdụ microplastics

Akpa rọba na karama, uwe sịntetịt, taya na eserese, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, na-adaba n'ime microplastics, nke nwere ike ịnọrọ ikuku ruo ihe dị ka otu izu. N'oge a, ikuku nwere ike ibuga ha gafee kọntinent na oke osimiri. Mgbe ebili mmiri rutere n'ikpere mmiri ahụ, a na-ebunye ụmụ irighiri mmiri nke jupụtara na microplastics elu n'ikuku, bụ́ ebe ha na-ekupụ ma hapụ irighiri ihe ndị a. N'otu aka ahụ, mmegharị taya na-eme ka flecks nwere plastik banye n'ikuku. Ka mmiri ozuzo na-ezo, igwe ojii nke ụmụ irighiri ihe na-adaba n'ala. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụlọ ọrụ nzacha na-agwọ ihe mkpofu n'obodo ukwu ma tinye ya na fatịlaịza nwere microplastics tọrọ n'ime sludge. Fatịlaịza ndị a, n'aka nke ya, na-ebufe ha n'ala, ebe ọ na-abanye n'usoro nri.  

Mgbanwe nke ikuku na oke osimiri ebubatala microplastics n'ime ụwa na ihe ndị dị ndụ n'oké osimiri, ọbụna banye n'ime gburugburu ebe obibi nwere mmetụta siri ike ma chebe ya. Ihe karịrị metric ton 1,000 na-ada na mpaghara 11 echekwara na US kwa afọ, dịka ọmụmaatụ. Microplastics na-ebukwa nje bacteria, nje, na kemịkalụ, na ikpughe ihe ndị a na gburugburu ebe obibi nwere mmetụta nwere ike imebi. 

A na-akpọ mmetụta nke mmetọ ndị a n'ahụ obere ihe e kere eke na-eri nri n'ime ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe. Ka microplastics na-abanye n'agbụ nri ha, ha na-eburu nsị na nri ha. Microplastics nwere ike imetụta usoro mgbari ha na ịmụ nwa, site na ikpuru ruo crabs ruo oke. Na mgbakwunye, microplastics na-akụda n'ime plastik nano, nke akụrụngwa ugbu a enweghị ike ịchọpụta. 

Mmetụta na-emebi emebi

Ka nchegbu banyere mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmepụta rọba na-aga n'ihu, mkpesa ọha na eze maka ọdịda nke igbochi mmepụta plastik nwere ike ịbawanye elu. Omume a ga-eduga n'ịtụgharị anya n'ịtụgharị gaa na ihe ndị na-adigide, nke a na-emegharịgharị. A na-atụ anya na ụlọ ọrụ ngwaahịa rọba nke a na-atụfu n'otu n'otu ga-adaba nke ọma ka ndị na-azụ ahịa na-ajụkarị ngwaahịa ndị a iji kwado ihe ndị ọzọ nwere enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi. Mgbanwe a na omume ndị na-azụ ahịa amalitelarị imetụta ahịa ahụ, ebe ụfọdụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na-ekwupụta atụmatụ iwepụ plastik ndị na-eji otu eme ihe.

Ụlọ ọrụ ọzọ nke nwere ike na-enyochawanye nyocha bụ ejiji ngwa ngwa. Ka ndị na-azụ ahịa na-amatawanye mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmepụta akwa akwa, ha nwere ike ịmalite ịchọ uwe na-emepụta ihe ọkụkụ dị ka ihe ọzọ na-adịgide adịgide. Otú ọ dị, mgbanwe a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-esiri ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ike, na ọrụ n'ofe ngalaba nwere ike imetụta.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ụlọ ọrụ na-ese ihe nwekwara ike ihu iwu ka ukwuu iji gbochie ịmepụta microbeads. Microbeads bụ obere irighiri plastik nwere ike ịbanye n'okporo ụzọ mmiri ma gosipụta na ọ na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri na-adịghị mma. N'ihi nke a, enwere ike ịnwe ntinye iwu machibido agba agba nwere microbeads, nke nwere ike inwe nnukwu mmetụta na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.

N'agbanyeghị ihe ịma aka ndị mgbanwe ndị a nwere ike ịkpata, enwekwara ohere maka uto na ihe ọhụrụ. Bioplastics na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-emepụta ihe na-adịgide adịgide ga-enwe ike ịhụ mmụba na-achọsi ike, nyocha n'ime ihe ndị na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nwere ike nweta ego karịa. N'ikpeazụ, ịkwaga na ọdịnihu ga-adigide ga-achọ mmekorita n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ, gọọmentị, na ndị na-azụ ahịa. 

Mmetụta nke microplastics

Mmetụta dị ukwuu nke mmetọ microplastic nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Iwu gọọmentị gbasara mmepụta rọba na oku na-abawanye maka imegharị ihe.
• Mgbanwe a na-atụghị anya ya nke gburugburu microbial ala, usoro mmegharị mmiri n'okpuru ala, na usoro nri nri.
• Mmetụta na mmepụta oxygen dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke plankton oké osimiri na-emetụta n'ihi nsị nsị.
• Mmetụta na-adịghị mma na-abawanye na ụlọ ọrụ ịkụ azụ na njem nlegharị anya, nke dabere na gburugburu ebe obibi dị mma.
• Mmiri ọṅụṅụ ma ọ bụ mmetọ nri na-emetụta ahụike ọha na ụba ego nlekọta ahụike.
• Akụrụngwa ndị mebiri emebi, dị ka ụlọ ọrụ na-edozi mmiri, na-eduga n'ịrụzi ihe dị oke ọnụ.
• Mmụba ụkpụrụ na atumatu gburugburu ebe obibi.
• Ndị mmadụ na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe na-aghọwanye ndị na-adịghị ike na mmetụta ọjọọ nke mmetọ microplastic n'ihi enweghị akụrụngwa na akụrụngwa.
• Ndị na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ma ọ bụ na-atụfu ngwaahịa rọba nwere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke ikpughe na microplastics.
• Ihe ọhụrụ na njikwa mkpofu na teknụzụ imegharị ihe iji belata mmetọ microplastic.

Ajụjụ ndị a ga -atụle

• Kedu ka i chere enwere ike idozi nsogbu microplastic?
• Kedu ka gọọmentị ga-esi na-ahazi ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta microplastics nke ọma?