Zophwanya chitetezo zothandizidwa ndi Boma: Pamene mayiko amenya nkhondo ya cyber

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• June 2, 2023

Kuyambira mchaka cha 2015, pakhala zovuta kwambiri komanso zowononga zapaintaneti motsutsana ndi makampani ndi zida zofunikira kuti ziwononge kapena kusokoneza ntchito zawo. Ngakhale zochitika za ransomware ndi kubera sizachilendo, zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri zikathandizidwa ndi chuma cha dziko lonse.

Chitetezo chothandizidwa ndi boma chikuphwanya nkhani

Ziwawa zapakompyuta zothandizidwa ndi boma zikukwera, zomwe zikuwopseza kwambiri mayiko. Zowukirazi zimaphatikizapo kulanda deta kudzera mu ransomware, intellectual property (IP) kuba, ndi kuyang'anira, ndipo zitha kuwononga kwambiri komanso kuwononga ndalama zambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yamtendere pamene malamulo okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso malamulo okhudza anthu padziko lonse sakufotokozedwa momveka bwino. Pamene chitetezo cha cybersecurity chandalama zapamwamba chakwera, obera atembenukira ku zida zapaintaneti zomwe zimasokoneza mapulogalamu kapena ma hardware asanayikidwe. Izi zimachitika kuti alowetse data ndikuwongolera zida za IT, machitidwe opangira, kapena ntchito. Mu 2019, ziwopsezo zapagulu zidakwera ndi 78 peresenti.

Kuphatikiza apo, milandu yapaintaneti yoyendetsedwa ndi boma motsutsana ndi mabungwe azachuma akuchulukirachulukira. Malinga ndi a Reuters, mwa milandu 94 yazachuma kuyambira 2007, 23 mwa iwo akukhulupirira kuti ndi ochokera kumayiko ngati Iran, Russia, China, ndi North Korea. Nthawi zambiri, kuphwanya chitetezo choyendetsedwa ndi boma ndi kuukira kwapakompyuta kumakhala ndi zolinga zazikulu zitatu: kuzindikira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zofooka m'malo ofunikira (monga kupanga ndi magetsi), kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso zankhondo, ndikuba kapena kusokoneza zambiri zamakampani. Chimodzi mwazomwe zachitika posachedwa kwambiri ndikuwukira kothandizidwa ndi Russia kwa 2020 pakampani ya solarWinds, yomwe idawulula masauzande amakasitomala ake, kuphatikiza mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe a Microsoft komanso, choyipa kwambiri, boma la US federal.

Zosokoneza

Kuwukira kowopsa kwa zomangamanga kwapezanso mitu yankhani chifukwa cha zotsatira zake zaposachedwa komanso zokhalitsa. Mu Epulo 2022, bungwe la US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), mogwirizana ndi akuluakulu achitetezo cha cybersecurity ochokera ku US, Australia, Canada, ndi UK, adachenjeza kuti Russia ikhoza kukulitsa ziwopsezo zake zazikuluzikulu ngati kubwezera zilango zomwe zaperekedwa mdzikolo. chifukwa cha kuwukira kwake ku Ukraine mu 2022. CISA idazindikiranso zoyeserera zaku Russia (2022) zowononga machitidwe kudzera pakugawidwa kokana ntchito (DDoS) ndikubzala pulogalamu yaumbanda yowononga motsutsana ndi boma la Ukraine ndi ogwira ntchito. Ngakhale kuti zambiri mwa zigawengazi zimathandizidwa ndi boma, magulu ambiri odziimira pawokha alonjeza kuti akuthandizira kuwukira kwa Russia.

Mu June 2022, CISA idalengezanso kuti zigawenga zapaintaneti zothandizidwa ndi boma zochokera ku China zikuyesa kulowerera mu network of Information Technology (IT), kuphatikiza mabungwe aboma ndi aboma. Makamaka, makampani olumikizana ndi matelefoni akuyang'aniridwa kuti aziwongolera ndi kusokoneza intaneti ndi intaneti, zomwe zimatsogolera kuchitetezo ndi kuphwanya ma data. CISA idati zida zapaintaneti zosatetezedwa komanso zosasinthika nthawi zambiri ndizolowera pazowukirazi. 

Pakadali pano, apandu othandizidwa ndi boma akugwiritsa ntchito njira yatsopano yotchedwa "nkhondo yosakanizidwa," yomwe imaphatikizapo kuwukira mbali zonse zakuthupi ndi digito. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2020, 40 peresenti ya ziwopsezo zothandizidwa ndi boma zomwe zidaperekedwa ndi boma zidachitika pamagetsi, makina amadzi onyansa, ndi madamu. Pofuna kupewa izi, makampani akulimbikitsidwa kuti asinthe machitidwe awo a cybersecurity ndikuchotsa nthawi yomweyo kapena kudzipatula ma seva ndi zida zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Zowonjezereka za kuphwanya chitetezo chothandizidwa ndi boma

Zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chophwanya chitetezo chothandizidwa ndi boma zingaphatikizepo: 

• Kuwonjezeka kwa mikangano yandale pakati pa Russia-China ndi ogwirizana nawo ndi mayiko a Kumadzulo ndi ogwirizana nawo chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa cyber ndi ukazitape.
• Kuchulukitsa ndalama zamagulu aboma komanso azibizinesi pazothetsera chitetezo cha cybersecurity, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito machitidwe a AI kuzindikira zovuta za cyber. Cybersecurity ipitilira kukhala gawo lofunidwa pamsika wantchito mu 2020s.
• Maboma nthawi zonse amakhazikitsa mapulogalamu a bug bounty kuti alimbikitse anthu ophwanya malamulo kuti azindikire zophwanya.
• Maiko omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nkhondo ya pa intaneti kuti apereke chenjezo, kubwezera, kapena kufuna kulamulira.
• Kuchulukirachulukira kwa magulu ochita zachiwembu omwe amathandizidwa ndi boma ndi ntchito zomwe zimapeza ndalama za anthu kuti zipeze ukadaulo waposachedwa, zida, komanso akatswiri odziwa zachitetezo.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mukuganiza kuti zigawenga zothandizidwa ndi boma zikhudza bwanji ndale zapadziko lonse lapansi?
• Kodi zotsatira zina za kuukira kumeneku ndi ziti?