Ulamuliro wa cyber ku China: Kulimbitsa mphamvu pa intaneti yapanyumba

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• February 8, 2023

Dziko la China lakhala likuyambitsa kuphwanya kopanda chifundo pamakampani ake aukadaulo kuyambira chaka cha 2019. Malinga ndi akatswiri a ndale, kusunthaku kunali njira imodzi yokha ya Beijing yowonetsetsa kuti malingaliro akunja sakhudze nzika zake komanso kuti palibe kampani kapena munthu yemwe amakhala wamphamvu kuposa China Communist. Chipani (CCP). Dzikoli likuyembekezeka kupitiliza kulimbitsa mphamvu zake momwe nzika zake zimagwiritsira ntchito zidziwitso muzaka zonse za 2020, kuyambira kutsekereza nsanja zapadziko lonse lapansi mpaka pakuwonetsa "kutha" kwa omwe amatsutsa.

China cyber sovereignty

Ulamuliro wa pa intaneti umafotokoza momwe dziko likuyendetsera momwe intaneti imayendetsedwera, omwe amapeza mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito intaneti, komanso zomwe zingachitike ndi data yonse yomwe idapangidwa kunyumba. CCP yakhala yosasunthika posunga mphamvu zake zamaganizidwe, kuyambira kusokoneza mwankhanza ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi demokalase ya Tiananmen Square mu 1989 mpaka kusamutsa nkhondoyi pa intaneti pophwanya otsutsa aku Hong Kong zaka makumi anayi pambuyo pake. Kuyesera kwa azungu pochepetsa kufunitsitsa kwa China paulamuliro wa cyber kudzera kudzudzula ndi zotsatira zazachuma sikunachite chilichonse kusintha mfundo zadzikolo. Pankhani ya atolankhani ku Beijing pa Masewera a Olimpiki Ozizira a 2022, Purezidenti Xi Jinping akuwoneka ngati mtsogoleri wolamulira dziko lake. CCP ikugogomezera kupeza bata pazandale pazochitika zonse (kuphatikizapo kuthetsa otsutsa) ndipo imakhulupirira kuti ndilo maziko a kukula kwachuma. 

Komabe, pansi pa injini yodekhayi pali kuletsa, kuletsa, ndi kuzimiririka. Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunitsitsa kwa China kulamulira kwathunthu nzika zake kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi kutha kwa nyenyezi ya tenisi Peng Shuai mu 2021. Mnyamata wakale wa US Open semifinalist adasowa atalemba patsamba la Weibo za momwe wakale Wachiwiri Wachiwiri waku China. adamugwirira mu 2017. Cholemba chake chinachotsedwa pasanathe ola limodzi, ndipo mawu ofufuzira "tenisi" adatsekedwa nthawi yomweyo. Kuphatikiza apo, zambiri za Peng zidachotsedwa pa intaneti padziko lonse lapansi. Bungwe la Women's Tennis Association (WTA) lidapempha China kuti itsimikizire chitetezo chake ndi umboni, kapena bungweli litulutsa zikondwerero zake zonse mdzikolo. Mu Disembala 2021, a Peng adakhala pansi kuti akambirane ndi nyuzipepala yaku Singapore, pomwe adakana zomwe adamuimbayo ndikuumirira kuti sali pa ukaidi wosachoka panyumba.

Zosokoneza

CCP ikupitirizabe pang'onopang'ono koma kuchotseratu zochitika zakunja m'dzikoli. Mu 2021, Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) idatulutsa mndandanda wazinthu pafupifupi 1,300 zapaintaneti zomwe opereka zidziwitso amangotumizanso nkhani. Mndandandawu ndi wopangidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa maulamuliro aku China ndikuphwanya mafakitale angapo, makamaka gawo lazofalitsa. Mndandanda watsopano, CAC inanena m'mawu ake oyambirira, ili ndi malo ogulitsira maulendo anayi kuposa mndandanda wapitawo kuchokera ku 2016 ndipo imaphatikizapo ma akaunti ambiri a anthu komanso ochezera a pa Intaneti. Mndandanda waposachedwa wa mndandanda uyenera kutsatiridwa ndi ntchito zapaintaneti zomwe zimasindikizanso zambiri. Malo omwe satsatira malamulowa adzalangidwa.

Njira ina yomwe Beijing yakhala ikukhazikitsa ndikuchepetsa kudalira kwa dzikolo pamakompyuta opangidwa ndi US ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito (monga Microsoft, Apple, ndi OS yawo) ndi zinthu zaku China. Beijing ikuumirira kuti makina a digito ndi chidziwitso ku China atha kukhala chitsanzo chabwino kumayiko ena. 

Kuphatikiza pa kubisa zolumikizirana zamkati, China yakhala ikukankhira malingaliro ake azidziwitso padziko lonse lapansi. Kuyambira mu 2015 kukhazikitsidwa kwa Belt and Road Initiative, China yakulitsa malonda m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene pogwiritsa ntchito njira zama digito ndi zomangamanga (mwachitsanzo, kutulutsa kwa 5G). Kwenikweni, izi zikutanthauza kuti pofika chaka cha 2030, pakhoza kukhala kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa maiko awiri a digito: dongosolo laulere m'madera akumadzulo motsutsana ndi dongosolo lolamulidwa mwamphamvu lotsogozedwa ndi China.

Zotsatira za ulamuliro wa cyber wa China

Zotsatira zakuchulukira kwa mfundo zaku China zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira pakudziyimira pawokha pa intaneti zitha kuphatikiza: 

• Zoletsa zambiri pamapulatifomu aku Western social media ndi njira zankhani, makamaka zomwe zimadzudzula CCP. Kusunthaku kudzachepetsa ndalama zomwe makampaniwa angapeze.
• China ikuwopseza zilango zokhwima kwa munthu aliyense kapena bungwe lomwe likufuna kupeza zidziwitso zakunja kudzera ma VPN (ma network achinsinsi) ndi njira zina.
• Anthu ambiri otchuka aku China komanso anthu ochita bizinesi amasowa nthawi zonse pakufufuza pa intaneti ndi machitidwe pambuyo pazambiri.
• CCP ikupitiriza kukankhira malingaliro ake okhudzana ndi ufulu wa cyber kumayiko ena omwe akutukuka kumene powapatsa zipangizo zama telecom, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi ngongole zambiri za dziko komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kukhulupirika ku China.
• Maboma akumadzulo, motsogozedwa ndi US, akuyesera kuthana ndi zoyesayesa zaku China za cybersecurity kudzera mu zilango ndi ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi (mwachitsanzo, dongosolo la Global Gateway la Europe).

Mafunso oti muyankhepo

• Kodi ulamuliro wa cyber wa China ukukhudzanso bwanji ndale zapadziko lonse lapansi?
• Kodi ulamuliro wa cyber udzakhudza bwanji nzika zaku China?