Green New Deal: Ndondomeko zopewera ngozi zanyengo

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• June 12, 2023

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Pamene dziko likulimbana ndi vuto la nyengo, mayiko ambiri akuyesetsa kuti agwiritse ntchito njira zopewera kuchepetsa mpweya wotenthetsa dziko komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kusintha kwa nyengo. Ngakhale kuti malonda obiriwira amawoneka ngati sitepe yolondola, amabwera ndi zovuta komanso zovuta. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje obiriwira ndi zomangamanga ukhoza kukhala wokwera kwambiri kumayiko ambiri, ndipo pali nkhawa zokhudzana ndi momwe izi zingakhudzire ntchito komanso kukula kwachuma.

Green new deal nkhani

Ku European Union (EU), Green Deal ikufuna kupanga 40 peresenti ya mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu, kupanga nyumba 35 miliyoni kukhala zosagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kupanga ntchito zomanga 160,000 zokomera zachilengedwe, ndikupangitsa kuti ulimi ukhale wokhazikika kudzera mu pulogalamu ya Farm to Folk. Pansi pa ndondomeko ya Fit for 55, mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide (CO2) ukuyembekezeka kutsika ndi 55 peresenti pofika chaka cha 2030. Njira Yoyendetsera Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism idzapereka msonkho kwa katundu wolowa m'derali. Ma Green Bonds adzaperekedwanso.

Ku US, Green New Deal yalimbikitsa mfundo zatsopano, monga kusintha magetsi ongowonjezedwanso pofika chaka cha 2035 ndikupanga bungwe la Civil Climate Corps kuti lithane ndi ulova popanga ntchito zobiriwira. Bungwe la Biden Administration lidakhazikitsanso Justice40, yomwe ikufuna kugawa ndalama zosachepera 40 peresenti yazachuma pazanyengo kumadera omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri, kusintha kwanyengo, komanso kusayeruzika. Komabe, chiwongolero cha zomangamanga chikuyang'anizana ndi chiwopsezo cha kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa pamagalimoto ndi misewu poyerekeza ndi zoyendera anthu. 

Pakadali pano, ku Korea, Green New Deal ndizochitika zamalamulo, pomwe boma likuyimitsa ndalama zake zopangira malasha kumayiko akunja, kugawa bajeti yayikulu yomanganso, kupanga ntchito zatsopano zobiriwira, kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe, ndikukonzekera kutulutsa mpweya wokwanira. 2050. Japan ndi China asiyanso kupereka ndalama za malasha kunja.

Zosokoneza 

Chodzudzula kwambiri mabizinesiwa ndikuti amadalira kwambiri mabungwe azidansi, ndipo palibe amene amayang'ana zinthu zazikulu zapadziko lonse lapansi monga momwe dziko la Global South likukhudzira, anthu azikhalidwe, komanso zachilengedwe. Ndalama zakunja zamafuta ndi gasi sizimakambidwanso, zomwe zimadzetsa kutsutsidwa kwakukulu. Zakhala zikutsutsana kuti maboma omwe amalengeza ndondomeko zobiriwirazi sanapereke ndalama zokwanira, ndipo ntchito zomwe analonjeza ndi zochepa poyerekeza ndi chiwerengero cha anthu. 

Kufuna kuchulukitsidwa kwa mgwirizano pakati pa mabungwe aboma ndi abizinesi, zipani zandale, ndi okhudzidwa ndi mayiko ena zitha kuchitika. Big Mafuta awona kuchepa kwa ndalama komanso thandizo lazachuma la boma. Kuyitanira kwakusintha kwamafuta opangira mafuta kudzakulitsa ndalama kukhala zomangamanga zobiriwira ndi mphamvu ndikupanga ntchito zofananira. Komabe, idzakakamiza zinthu monga lithiamu yamabatire ndi balsa pamasamba a turbine. 

Maiko ena ku Global South atha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe amalola Kumpoto kutulutsa kuti ateteze madera awo komanso malo awo; Zotsatira zake, kukwera kwa mitengo ya minerals yachilendo kungakhale kofala. Anthu adzafuna kuyankha pamene mapanganowa akuperekedwa. Njira zolimba zamapangano obiriwira m'malamulo zidzakankhidwa pomwe kupanda chilungamo kwa chilengedwe ndi zachuma kwa anthu ovutika kungathetsedwe bwino.

Zotsatira za Green New Deal

Zotsatira zambiri za Green New Deal zitha kuphatikiza: 

• Kuwonjezeka kwamitengo ya carbon pamene maboma akukonzekera kuchepetsa ndalama zothandizira.
• Kuperewera kwa zinthu zambiri zofunika kuti apange zomangamanga zokhazikika.
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo m'madera omwe chuma cha zomangamanga zongowonjezedwanso chimakumbidwa.
• Kupanga mabungwe owongolera omwe ali ndi ulamuliro wamphamvu pazachilengedwe komanso ndondomeko zoyendetsera ndalama.  
• Mikangano m'maiko onse pamene akuyesera kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wawo wa kaboni pomwe akupereka ndalama zakunja kwa magetsi osasinthika.
• Kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa dziko, komwe kungathe kuchepetsa mwayi wopezeka pafupipafupi komanso wowopsa wanyengo.
• Kuthekera kopanga mamiliyoni a ntchito zatsopano m'mafakitale okhudzana ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, ulimi wokhazikika, ndi zomangamanga zobiriwira, makamaka m'madera omwe akhala akunyozedwa kale kapena kusiyidwa ndi chitukuko chachuma chachikhalidwe.
• Kuchepetsa kudalira mayiko omwe amapanga mafuta monga Russia ndi Middle East, kulola kuti mayiko ena azachuma akhazikitse malo awo opangira mphamvu zowonjezera.
• Green New Deal ikukweza miyezo ya anthu ogwira ntchito, kuwonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale obiriwira akusamalidwa bwino komanso ali ndi liwu lothandizira kusintha kwachuma chokhazikika.
• Green New Deal ikutsitsimutsa anthu akumidzi ndikuthandizira alimi kuti asinthe njira zokhazikika. 
• Mkhalidwe wokangana pazandale, pomwe ambiri osamala amadzudzula mapulani obiriwira ngati okwera mtengo kwambiri komanso owopsa. 

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mukuganiza kuti zoyesayesa zaposachedwa pazamalonda zatsopano zobiriwira zikungochotsa zowawa kuchokera kumadera ena adziko kupita ku ena?
• Kodi ndondomekozi zingathetse bwanji kusalungama kwa chikhalidwe, chilengedwe, ndi zachuma?