Kubwezeretsanso mu sayansi yoyambira: Kuyikanso chidwi pakupeza

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Kubwezeretsanso mu sayansi yoyambira: Kuyikanso chidwi pakupeza

Kubwezeretsanso mu sayansi yoyambira: Kuyikanso chidwi pakupeza

Mutu waung'ono mawu
Kafukufuku wokhudza kupeza zambiri kuposa momwe ntchito yatayira mphamvu pazaka makumi angapo zapitazi, koma maboma akukonzekera kusintha izi.
    • Author:
    • Dzina la wolemba
      Quantumrun Foresight
    • June 7, 2023

    Ngakhale sizimatsogolera kukugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, kafukufuku woyambira asayansi amatha kuyala maziko ochita bwino kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Kukula mwachangu kwa katemera wa mRNA pa mliri wa 2020 COVID-19 ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha momwe kafukufuku woyambira wasayansi angakhudzire thanzi ladziko lonse lapansi. Kupereka ndalama zochulukirapo pakufufuza koyambira sayansi kungathandize kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zikuchitika komanso kutsegulira mwayi watsopano waukadaulo wasayansi.

    Kubwezeretsanso kuzinthu zoyambirira za sayansi

    Kafukufuku woyambirira wa sayansi amayang'ana pakupeza chidziwitso chatsopano cha momwe chilengedwe chimagwirira ntchito. Ochita kafukufuku amafufuza mfundo zofunika kwambiri komanso njira zake kuti amvetse bwino zimene zimachitika m’chilengedwechi. Nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa ndi chidwi komanso chikhumbo chofuna kufufuza malire atsopano a chidziwitso. 

    Mosiyana ndi izi, kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku ndi chitukuko (R&D) amayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga matekinoloje atsopano, zinthu, ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ndikugwiritsa ntchito moyenera. Ndalama zambiri za R&D zimapita kukachita kafukufuku, chifukwa zimakhala ndi zopindulitsa zaposachedwa komanso zowoneka bwino kwa anthu. Komabe, maboma ena monga Canada ndi US akukonzekera kubwezeretsanso kafukufuku woyambira wasayansi kuti apititse patsogolo zopezedwa zachipatala. 

    Kukula kodabwitsa kwa katemera wa mRNA mkati mwa chaka chachita zambiri kuwunikira kufunikira kwa kafukufuku woyambira wa sayansi. Ukadaulo wa mRNA ukuyimira zaka makumi angapo zakufufuza koyambirira kwa sayansi, komwe asayansi adayesa katemera wa makoswe popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mtsogolo molunjika. Komabe, zomwe apeza zapangitsa kuti pakhale maziko olimba omwe adapangitsa kuti katemerayu akhale wodalirika komanso wogwira mtima.

    Zosokoneza

    Maboma atha kuyikanso ndalama pakufufuza koyambira kwasayansi pomanga malo opangira mayunivesite, omwe amakhazikitsidwa m'malo kapena pafupi ndi malo aukadaulo, komwe angapindule ndi kuyandikira mabungwe ena ofufuza, oyambitsa, ndi makampani opanga nzeru. Ma Laboratories atha kupeza ndalama zapadera komanso ogwira ntchito aluso kwambiri polumikizana ndi makampani aukadaulo ndi mayunivesite ena. Njirayi imapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwatsopano pomwe ma laboratories ndi anzawo akugwirira ntchito limodzi pama projekiti atsopano a R&D, kugawana nzeru ndi ukatswiri, ndikugwirira ntchito limodzi kutsatsa zomwe zapezedwa.

    Chitsanzo ndi kampani yopanga mankhwala Merck's Knowledge Quarter (yofunika $1.3 biliyoni ya USD) yomangidwa mkatikati mwa London. Ku US, boma la federal likutsalira kumbuyo kwa ndalama zofufuzira payekha ($ 130 biliyoni motsutsana ndi $ 450 biliyoni). Ngakhale mkati mwa ndalama zofufuzira payekha, 5 peresenti yokha imapita ku kafukufuku woyambira wa sayansi. 

    Njira zina zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa maphunziro a R&D. Mu 2020, US Congress idakhazikitsa Endless Frontier Act, yomwe imapereka $ 100 biliyoni kwa zaka zisanu kuti apange mkono waukadaulo mkati mwa National Science Foundation (NSF). Boma la Biden lidaperekanso $ 250 biliyoni kuti lifufuze ngati gawo lalikulu la zomangamanga. Komabe, asayansi akulimbikitsa boma kuti liwononge ndalama zambiri za sayansi yoyambira ngati US ikufuna kupitiliza kukhala mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse pazachitukuko cha sayansi ndiukadaulo. 

    Zotsatira za kubwezeretsanso mu sayansi yoyambira

    Zotsatira zochulukirapo pakubwezanso ndalama mu sayansi yoyambira zingaphatikizepo:

    • Malo opangira kafukufuku ambiri omwe ali pakatikati pa chigawo chatekinoloje ndi bizinesi kuti alimbikitse mgwirizano pakati pa maboma am'deralo, mayunivesite aboma, ndi makampani azinsinsi.
    • Kuwonjezeka kwandalama za kafukufuku wasayansi woyambira sayansi ya moyo, mankhwala, ndi katemera.
    • Makampani akuluakulu a pharma omwe amatsogolera kafukufuku wasayansi wapadziko lonse pa matenda ovuta monga kuwonongeka kwa majini, khansa, ndi matenda amtima.
    • Kupititsa patsogolo mafakitale atsopano ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa ntchito zatsopano ndi maudindo a ntchito.
    • Mankhwala atsopano, machiritso, ndi njira zopewera matenda, zomwe zimatsogolera ku thanzi labwino, kukhala ndi moyo wautali, komanso kuchepa kwa ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo.
    • Zomwe zatulukira ndi zatsopano zomwe zingathandize kuteteza chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wokhudza magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa angathe kupangitsa kuti pakhale njira zatsopano zopangira mphamvu zamagetsi.
    • Kuyamikira kwakukulu ndi kumvetsetsa malo athu m'chilengedwe, zomwe zingatithandize kusamalira bwino ndi kuteteza zachilengedwe zathu.
    • Maiko omwe amagwirizana kuti apititse patsogolo zomwe anzawo apeza.

    Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

    • Kodi mukuvomereza kuti kafukufuku wasayansi woyambira ayenera kukhala ndi ndalama zambiri?
    • Kodi kafukufuku woyambira wa sayansi angakhudze bwanji kasamalidwe ka mliri wamtsogolo?

    Maumboni anzeru

    Maulalo otsatirawa otchuka ndi mabungwe adanenedwa kuti adziwe izi: