Kukonzanso masitima akale: Kusintha mitundu yolemera dizilo kukhala yokhazikika

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• December 1, 2021

M'mbuyomu, masitima apamtunda anali ochepa chifukwa chogwira ntchito pamanja komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri, koma kusinthanso kukusintha mawonekedwe a njanji. Mwa kuphatikiza ukadaulo wapamwamba, kubwezeretsanso kumapangitsa kuti sitimayi ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino, imatalikitsa moyo wawo, ndikuthandizira kukwaniritsa malamulo otulutsa mpweya. Komabe, kusinthaku kopita ku masitima apamtunda otsogola kumabweretsanso zovuta, kuphatikizapo kutha kwa ntchito m'mafakitale amtundu wa njanji komanso kuchuluka kwamphamvu pa gridi yamagetsi.

Kubwezeretsanso nkhani zamasitima akale

Pamaso pa intaneti ya Zinthu (IoT) ndi miyezo yamakono yaukadaulo, masitima adamangidwa mopanda malire. Zitsanzo zoyambirirazi nthawi zambiri zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito pamanja, njira yomwe inkafuna kulowererapo kwa anthu ndipo inali yochedwa kulakwitsa kwaumunthu. Kuphatikiza apo, zidapangidwa ndi makina akale omwe samangodya mafuta ochulukirapo komanso otulutsa mpweya wambiri. Kukwera mtengo kwamafuta amafuta ndi kukwera kwa mpweya woipawu kunabweretsa vuto lalikulu pazachuma komanso kusakhazikika kwa chilengedwe cha njanji.

Komabe, mawonekedwe a njanji akusintha, chifukwa cha zoyesayesa zamakampani obwezeretsanso, monga US-based Progress Rail ndi Eminox yaku UK. Makampaniwa amapereka mwayi kwa mabungwe oyendetsa sitima zapanjanji mwayi wokweza masitima apamtunda omwe alipo, kukulitsa luso lawo komanso luso lawo. Njira yobwezeretsanso imaphatikizapo kuphatikiza ukadaulo wapamwamba mumakina omwe alipo, kupanga masitima anzeru komanso othamanga. Kusintha kumeneku sikungowonjezera kuti masitima aziyenda bwino komanso amawonjezera moyo wawo.

Ubwino wa retrofitting kumawonjezera kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito komanso kutsika mtengo. Retrofitting imathandizanso masitima apamtunda kuti azitsatira malamulo okhwima otulutsa mpweya. Kuphatikiza apo, kuphatikiza kwaukadaulo wa IoT kumabweretsa njira yolumikizira yolumikizidwa, yomwe imalola kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a sitima. Kukula kumeneku sikungowonjezera chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa mayendedwe a njanji komanso kumawonjezera mwayi wokwera.

Zosokoneza

Kusintha kochokera ku masitima apamtunda oyendera mafuta kupita kumagetsi kumabweretsa vuto lalikulu pantchito yanjanji. Mosiyana ndi magalimoto ndi mabasi, omwe ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso osavuta kusintha, kuyendetsa njanji yonse ndi magetsi kumafuna mphamvu zambiri. Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Zoyendetsa ku UK yakhazikitsa cholinga chofuna kuyimitsa magalimoto onse pofika chaka cha 2040, koma njira yokwaniritsira cholingachi sinatsimikizike. Makampani obwezeretsanso njanji amakhulupirira kuti kukonzanso njanji zomwe zilipo ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakusinthaku.

Chitsanzo cha kukweza ndi kuyika kwa matekinoloje a microprocessor, omwe amapezeka m'mitundu yatsopano. Matekinolojewa amathandizira zinthu monga telematics, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuwunika kwa GPS, komanso kuzindikira kwakutali. Zinthuzi zimalola kutsata komanso kukonza masitima apamtunda. Kukonzanso kwina kwakukulu kuli m'makina owongolera mpweya, pomwe chothandizira kapena ma chemical reaction amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsekereza mpweya woipa ngati carbon dioxide. 

Retrofitting imaperekanso njira yotsika mtengo kwa oyendetsa njanji. M'malo mosinthiratu masitima awo akale, omwe amatha kukhala okwera mtengo kwambiri, ogwira ntchito amatha kukweza zombo zawo zomwe zilipo kale pobwezeretsanso. Kuphatikiza apo, kubwezeretsanso kungathandizenso ogwiritsa ntchito kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo zokhazikika, monga momwe adawonetsera woyendetsa bwino wa Eminox mu 2019, pomwe adatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi 90 peresenti. Ntchitoyi ikuwonetsa kuti kubwezeretsanso sikungothetsa kwakanthawi koma ndi njira yodalirika yanthawi yayitali yosinthira njanji yamakono.

Zotsatira zakukonzanso masitima akale

Zambiri zakukonzanso masitima akale zingaphatikizepo:

• Kutalika kwa moyo wamasitima akale chifukwa masitima apamtunda amatha kuwonongeka ndipo kukonzanso kumatha kupangidwa mwachangu.
• Kutengera komwe kukukulirakulira kwa mayendedwe ambiri ngati masitima apamtunda kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi mapulogalamu amakono owongolera mayendedwe.
• Anthu ochulukirapo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njanji pamaulendo ataliatali ngati mayendedwe obiriwira komanso odalirika.
• Makampani ochulukirapo a njanji akusunga masitima apamtunda osakanizidwa a masitima apamtunda omwe asinthidwa komanso atsopano.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa matekinoloje olumikizana owongolera magalimoto.
• Kuchepetsa mtengo kuchokera kukonzanso, m'malo mosintha ma zombo zonse, kulola mitengo yotsika ya matikiti, kupangitsa kuyenda kwa masitima apamtunda kufikika kwa anthu ambiri.
• Kuphatikizika kwaukadaulo wa IoT m'masitima omwe amatsogolera ku chitukuko cha mizinda yanzeru, komwe deta yochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mapulani ndi kasamalidwe kamizinda.
• Kutayika kwa ntchito m'mafakitale a njanji zachikhalidwe, zomwe zimafuna kuphunzitsidwanso ndikuyambiranso luso.
• Kuponderezedwa pa gridi yamagetsi kumafuna kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri pazomangamanga ndi magwero amagetsi ongowonjezwdwa.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi maubwino ena obwereketsa masitima ndi otani m'malo mowatumiza mwachindunji kumabwalo a junkyard?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti ukadaulo wa njanji ungasinthidwe bwanji?