Mabodza opangidwa ndi media: Kuwona sakukhulupiriranso

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• February 22, 2024

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Makanema ophatikizika, kuphatikiza luntha lochita kupanga (AI) ndi makanema, zomvera, ndi zowonera, ndizowona kotero kuti ndizovuta kusiyanitsa ndi media zenizeni. Kukula kwake kudayamba zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, kuphunzira mozama (DL) ndi Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) akutenga gawo lalikulu pakupititsa patsogolo kwake. Pamene ukadaulo uwu ukupita patsogolo, umapereka mwayi wopanga zinthu komanso zovuta zachinsinsi, zachikhalidwe komanso zabodza.

Nkhani zabodza za Synthetic media

Synthetic media imayimira kuphatikizika kosasunthika kwazomwe zimapangidwa ndi AI, kuphatikiza kanema wamoyo, zowonera, ndi zomvera mkati mwaukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri. Mawonekedwe a media awa amadziwika ndi zenizeni zake zapadera komanso mikhalidwe yake yozama, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisasiyanitsidwe ndi zowulutsa zenizeni. Kupanga kwa media zopangira zitha kuyambika kuzaka za m'ma 1950, zomwe zidasintha kwambiri kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980 ndi koyambirira kwa 1990 pomwe mphamvu zowerengera zidakulirakulira. 

Kuphunzira mwakuya ndiye ukadaulo woyambira woyendetsa media, nthambi yaukadaulo yophunzirira makina (ML). Ma GAN omwe ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri paderali ndi omwe asintha ntchitoyi pophunzira kuchokera pazithunzi zomwe zidalipo kuti apange zatsopano koma zowona modabwitsa. Ma GAN amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapawiri ya neural network: netiweki imodzi imapanga zithunzi zabodza kutengera zenizeni, pomwe ina imayesa zowona, ndikukankhira malire a zomwe zingatheke pakuwona pakompyuta komanso kukonza zithunzi.

Pamene AI ikupitabe patsogolo mwachangu, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi zomwe zimachitika pama media opanga zimakula kwambiri. Ngakhale kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo uku kumatsegula zitseko zazatsopano m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza masewera apakanema, magalimoto odziyimira pawokha, komanso kuzindikira nkhope, nthawi yomweyo amabweretsa zodetsa nkhawa zachinsinsi komanso zamakhalidwe. Tsogolo la zoulutsira zopangira zimayimira lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse, lomwe limapereka kuthekera kwakukulu pakupanga zinthu zatsopano komanso zatsopano pomwe akutitsutsa kuti tithane ndi zovuta zake zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe komanso zinsinsi.

Zosokoneza

Kafukufuku wa 2022 wopangidwa ndi bungwe lopanda phindu la Rand Corporation akukambirana za ziwopsezo zinayi zazikulu zama media opanga: kusokoneza zisankho kudzera m'mavidiyo abodza a ofuna kusankhidwa, kukulitsa magawano a anthu pokulitsa zofalitsa zabodza komanso zokondera, kutha kwa chikhulupiliro m'mabungwe kudzera mukuwonetsa zabodza za akuluakulu aboma, ndi kupeputsa utolankhani poyika chikaikiro pa nkhani zovomerezeka. Zozama izi zitha kukhala zowononga makamaka m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene kumene maphunziro otsika, ma demokalase osalimba, komanso mikangano yapakati pamitundu yafala. Nkhani zabodza ndizovuta kale m'maderawa, ndipo deepfakes ikhoza kukulitsa mikangano ndi ziwawa, monga momwe tawonera m'mayiko monga Myanmar, India, ndi Ethiopia. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zochepa zomwe zimaperekedwa pakuwongolera zinthu kunja kwa US, makamaka pamapulatifomu ngati WhatsApp, zimakulitsa chiwopsezo chazinthu zozama zomwe sizingadziwike m'malo awa.

Deepfakes amakhalanso ndi ziwopsezo zapadera kwa amayi, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa jenda ndi zolaula. Makanema opangidwa ndi AI akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zolaula zopanda chilolezo, zomwe zimatsogolera ku nkhanza ndi kugwiriridwa. Ukadaulo uwu ukhozanso kubweretsa chiwopsezo chachitetezo poyang'ana ogwira ntchito zanzeru, ofuna ndale, atolankhani, ndi atsogoleri kuti achite manyazi kapena kupusitsa. Zitsanzo zamakedzana, monga kampeni yaku Russia yolimbana ndi phungu waku Ukraine Svitlana Zalishchuk, zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwachiwembu chotere.

Kumvetsetsa kwa gulu la asayansi pazotsatira zamtundu wa deepfakes kukukulabe, ndi maphunziro omwe akupereka zotsatira zosiyana pa luso la ogwiritsa ntchito kuti azindikire mavidiyowa ndi zotsatira zake. Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti anthu atha kudziwa bwino zazabodza kuposa makina, komabe makanemawa nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati owoneka bwino, okopa, komanso odalirika, zomwe zikuwonjezera mwayi wawo wofalikira pamasamba ochezera. Komabe, kukhudzidwa kwa makanema ozama pazikhulupiliro ndi machitidwe kungakhale kochepa kuposa momwe timayembekezera, kuwonetsa kuti nkhawa za kukopa kwawo zitha kukhala zisanachitike. 

Zotsatira zabodza zopangira media

Zotsatira zokulirapo zabodza zopangira media zitha kukhala: 

• Njira zotsogola pakutsimikizika kwazinthu zama digito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale njira zapamwamba kwambiri zotsimikizira kuti media ndizoona.
• Kuchulukitsa kwamaphunziro a digito m'masukulu, kupatsa mibadwo yamtsogolo luso losanthula mozama media.
• Kusintha mumiyezo yautolankhani, zomwe zimafuna njira zotsimikizika zotsimikizika zazinthu zama media media kuti zisungidwe zodalirika.
• Kukula kwamalamulo othana ndi kusokonekera kwazinthu za digito, zomwe zimapereka chitetezo chabwinoko kuzinthu zabodza.
• Kuchulukitsa kwa ziwopsezo zachinsinsi zamunthu chifukwa chakugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kwa kuzindikira nkhope ndi zidziwitso zamunthu popanga zozama.
• Kupanga magawo amsika atsopano okhazikika pakuzindikira ndi kupewa, kupanga mwayi wantchito komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo.
• Makampeni andale akugwiritsa ntchito njira zowunikidwa mokhwimitsa ma TV kuti achepetse zisankho zabodza.
• Kusintha kwa njira zotsatsira ndi kutsatsa, ndikugogomezera zowona komanso zotsimikizika kuti asunge kukhulupirika kwa ogula.
• Kuwonjezeka kwazovuta zamaganizidwe chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa zinthu zenizeni koma zabodza, zomwe zitha kusokoneza thanzi lamaganizidwe ndi malingaliro a anthu.
• Zosintha muzochitika za ubale wapadziko lonse lapansi monga deepfakes zimakhala chida cha njira za geopolitical, zomwe zimakhudza zokambirana ndi kukhulupirirana kwapadziko lonse.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi ma media opangira amakhudza bwanji malingaliro anu pazomwe zikuchitika?
• Kodi kupanga ukadaulo wa deepfake kungakhudze bwanji ubale pakati pa ufulu wolankhula ndi kufunikira kwa malamulo oletsa kufalitsa zabodza ndi kuzunza?