Zofunikira pazachitukuko za cyber: Pamene ntchito zofunika zikuwukiridwa

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• April 23, 2023

Zigawenga zothandizidwa ndi boma zikuchulukirachulukira kuti zigawenga zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi boma chifukwa chazovuta zomwe zitha kukhalapo pagulu kapena makampani omwe akufuna kuchita bwino. Kutayika kwa magetsi, madzi, ndi kulumikizidwa kwa intaneti kungayambitse chipwirikiti pomwe mabizinesi akutsekedwa, ndipo anthu amalephera kupeza ntchito zofunika pagulu. Pamene dziko likudalira kwambiri ntchito zapaintaneti, opereka chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti machitidwe awo ali otetezedwa mokwanira kuti athe kupirira ma cyberattack omwe akuchulukirachulukira.

Zomangamanga zofunikira zimatsata zomwe zikuchitika

Kuwukira kowopsa kwa zomangamanga kumachitika pamene obera alowa m'makinawa kuti awononge kapena kutseka ntchito. Zambiri zamakasitomala ndi zidziwitso zina zodziwika bwino zimabedwa nthawi zonse ndikugulitsidwa kuti awombole. Imodzi mwamilandu yodziwika bwino kwambiri idachitika mu Disembala 2015, pomwe othandizira oyipa aku Russia adaletsa mbali zina za gridi yamagetsi yaku Ukraine. Chochitikachi chinayambitsa kuzimitsa kwa magetsi m’madera ena a dzikolo komwe kunatenga maola angapo. Chitsanzo china ndi kuwukira kwa pulogalamu yokonzekera misonkho ya NotPetya mu June 2017, yomwe idakhudza mabungwe padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza mabanki, manyuzipepala, komanso makina owunikira ma radiation ku Chernobyl. Nkhondo ya 2022 yomwe Russia idamenya motsutsana ndi Ukraine idapangitsa kuti mawebusayiti aboma aziyimitsidwa ndikuwonjezera nkhawa pamachitidwe owongolera mafakitale.

Kupanga ndi kugawa mphamvu, kasamalidwe ka madzi ndi zinyalala, chisamaliro chaumoyo, ndi kupanga zakudya zonse ndi zitsanzo za mafakitale ndi machitidwe omwe mabizinesi ndi nzika zatsiku ndi tsiku amadalira pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa madera amakono. Amalumikizidwanso palimodzi, ndikuwukira kwa ntchito imodzi yofunika yomwe imakhudzanso ena. Mwachitsanzo, masoka achilengedwe ndi zivomezi za pa intaneti zikalepheretsa njira za madzi ndi madzi oipa, zigawo zonse zimatha kutaya madzi abwino akumwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zipatala zingavutike kugwira ntchito; zozimitsa moto sizingagwire ntchito; ndipo masukulu, maofesi, mafakitale, ndi nyumba za boma zidzakhudzidwa. Zosokoneza zofananira ndi magawo ena ofunikira, monga gawo lamagetsi, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zofananira.

Zosokoneza

Zitsanzo zaposachedwa za ma cyberattack ovuta kwambiri ayamba kukhala amphamvu kwambiri. Ziwopsezozi zidachulukirachulukira pomwe mliriwo udakakamiza makampani kuti asamukire ku intaneti, ntchito zamtambo. Mu Meyi 2021, kuwukira kwa chiwombolo pa Pipeline ya Atsamunda kudayimitsa kupanga kwa masiku asanu ndi limodzi, zomwe zidapangitsa kusowa kwamafuta komanso mitengo yokwera kum'mawa kwa US. Mu June 2021, m'modzi mwa opanga nyama padziko lonse lapansi, JBS USA Holdings, Inc., adakhudzidwanso ndi chiwopsezo cha zida zankhondo, zomwe zidayambitsa chipwirikiti ku Canada, US, ndi Australia. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Martha's Vineyard ndi Nantucket Steamship Authority inagwidwa ndi chiwembu chofanana chomwe chinayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa boti ndi kuchedwa.

Zinthu zambiri zimapangitsa kuti zomangamanga zikhale zovuta kwambiri pakuwukira kwa cyber. Choyamba, machitidwewa ndi ovuta kwambiri, ndi kuchuluka kwa zipangizo ndi malumikizidwe. Chachiwiri, nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza kusakanizikana kwa machitidwe osatetezeka, akale komanso matekinoloje atsopano. Ukadaulo watsopanowu ukhoza kulumikizidwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosatetezeka zomwe opanga oyamba a nsanja za cholowa sakanatha kuziganizira. Chachitatu, anthu ambiri omwe sadziwa kuopsa kwa chitetezo chokhudzana ndi ntchito yawo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zofunika kwambiri. Pomaliza, machitidwewa nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kumvetsetsa ndi kusanthula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzindikira malo ofooka omwe oukira angagwiritse ntchito. Zomangamanga zofunikira zimafunikira zida zabwinoko ndi njira zodziwira zovuta zomwe zingachitike pachitetezo ndikudziwitsa zoyesayesa zochepetsera popanga machitidwe ofunikira. 

Zotsatira zochulukira za zolinga zofunika kwambiri za zomangamanga

Zomwe zingafunike pazachitukuko zofunika kwambiri zitha kukhala: 

• Othandizira zida zofunikira amaika ndalama zambiri pakuthana ndi cybersecurity ndikugwiritsa ntchito masiwichi opha anthu akutali panthawi yadzidzidzi kuti atetezedwe ku cyberattack.
• Ma hackers ndi maboma akunja akusintha zinthu zambiri kuti aphunzire machitidwe ofunikira a zomangamanga ndikupeza matekinoloje akale ngati malo olowera.
• Makampani ndi mabungwe aboma akuchulukirachulukira kugwiritsa ntchito obera anzawo ndi mapulogalamu a bug bounty kuti azindikire zomwe zili pachiwopsezo pama network awo osiyanasiyana.
• Maboma omwe amalamula mabungwe aboma ndi makampani azinsinsi omwe ali ndi udindo wokonza zida zofunika kwambiri azikhala osinthidwa ndi njira zaposachedwa zachitetezo cha pa intaneti, kuphatikiza kupereka ndondomeko zosunga zobwezeretsera ndi kulimba mtima. Maboma ena atha kupereka ndalama zothandizira ndalama za cybersecurity m'mafakitale akuluakulu.
• Kuchulukirachulukira kwa kuyimitsidwa kwamagetsi, kusokonezeka kwa madzi, ndi kutsika kwa intaneti chifukwa cha kuwukira kothandizidwa ndi boma komanso pa intaneti.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Nanga maboma angakonzekere bwanji bwino kaamba ka ziwopsezo zazikulu za zomangamanga?
• Ngati muli ndi zida zanzeru kapena zida zapanyumba zanzeru, mumawonetsetsa bwanji kuti makina awo ndi otetezeka?