Kuthandizira kwa blockchain layer 2: Kuthana ndi malire a blockchain

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• July 14, 2023

Kuzindikira kwakukulu

Maukonde a Layer 1 amapanga maziko oyambira a blockchain, amayang'ana kwambiri kugawikana ndi chitetezo koma nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda scalability. Momwemonso, mayankho osanjikiza a 2 amagwira ntchito ngati njira zopanda unyolo, kuchepetsa makulitsidwe ndi zipolopolo za data, kupititsa patsogolo kuthamanga kwamalonda, kuchepetsa ndalama, ndikupangitsa kuti ntchito za blockchain zikhale zovuta. Kufalikira kwaukadaulowu kungayambitse kukhazikitsidwa kwadongosolo lazachuma, kuchuluka kwa kufunikira kwa maluso okhudzana ndi blockchain, kuwongolera deta, kuwonekera pazandale, kukula kwa media media, komanso kufunikira kwa malamulo a blockchain padziko lonse lapansi.

 Kuthandizira kwa blockchain layer 2

Ma network a Layer 1 amapanga maziko oyambira a blockchain, kufotokozera malamulo oyambira achilengedwe ndikumaliza kugulitsa. Zitsanzo ndi Ethereum, Bitcoin, ndi Solana. Kugogomezera kwa blockchains wosanjikiza 1 nthawi zambiri kumakhala kugawika kwa mayiko ndi chitetezo, zonse zomwe ndizofunikira pamaneti olimba omwe amasungidwa ndi gulu lapadziko lonse lapansi laopanga komanso otenga nawo gawo ngati otsimikizira. 

Komabe, nsanja izi nthawi zambiri alibe scalability. Kuti athane ndi vuto la scalability ndi Blockchain Trilemma - chovuta kuti chisamalire chitetezo, kugawa mayiko, ndi scalability - Madivelopa ayambitsa njira zosanjikiza 2, monga ma rollups a Ethereum ndi maukonde amphezi a Bitcoin. Layer 2 imatanthawuza njira zothetsera maunyolo, ma blockchain osiyana omangidwa pamwamba pa ma network 1 kuti achepetse makulitsidwe ndi zovuta za data. 

Mayankho a Layer 2 atha kufananizidwa ndi malo okonzerako khitchini yodyeramo, kuyang'ana kwambiri ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kupititsa patsogolo zokolola zonse. Mapulatifomu olipira monga Visa ndi Ethereum amagwiritsa ntchito njira zofananira, kugawa zochitika zingapo kuti zitheke bwino. Zitsanzo za mayankho osanjikiza 2 pa Ethereum akuphatikizapo Arbitrum, Optimism, Loopring, ndi zkSync. 

Kufunika kwa Layer 2 kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuthekera kwake kukulitsa mphamvu ya maukonde osanjikiza 1 monga Ethereum, kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira ndikuwonjezera liwiro. Komabe, potengera kuyambika kwa ukadaulo uwu, pali zoopsa zomwe zimachitika komanso magawo osiyanasiyana a malo osadalirika poyerekezera ndi zomwe zimachitika pa mainnet. 

Zosokoneza

Mayankho osanjikiza a 2 akamakula komanso kusinthika, athandizira kuchuluka kwazinthu zambiri, kupangitsa matekinoloje a blockchain kukhala ofikirika komanso osangalatsa kwa omvera ambiri. Kukula uku kungathe kulimbikitsa kufalikira kwa matekinoloje a blockchain m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuyambira pazachuma ndi kasamalidwe kazinthu zogulira mpaka masewera ndi malo ochezera. Kukhoza kukonza zochitika pa liwiro lalikulu ndi kutsika mtengo kudzayika blockchains kuti apikisane bwino ndi machitidwe ochiritsira azachuma ndi ntchito zama digito.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayankho osanjikiza a 2 atha kuyambitsa nthawi yaukadaulo komanso zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito blockchain. Pogwira ntchito zakunja ndi kumasula zinthu pa blockchain yayikulu, omanga amatha kupanga zovuta, zolemera zomwe zimapereka phindu lalikulu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Izi zitha kutsegulira mwayi kwazinthu zatsopano zamapulogalamu (dApps), ntchito za DeFi (decentralized finance), ndi ma NFTs (ma tokeni omwe sangawonongeke). 

Pomaliza, mayankho osanjikiza a 2 atha kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika komanso kulimba kwa ma network a blockchain. Kuthekera kotsitsa zotuluka ku nsanja za 2 kumatha kuchepetsa kuchulukana pamanetiweki yayikulu, kuwongolera kukhazikika ndi kudalirika kwadongosolo. Kuphatikiza apo, pophatikiza zogulitsa ndikuzikhazikitsa pa mainnet nthawi ndi nthawi, mayankho osanjikiza 2 amatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa blockchains, kuthana ndi chimodzi mwazotsutsa zazikulu zaukadaulowu. 

Zotsatira za kuyambitsa kwa blockchain layer 2

Zotsatira zokulirapo pakuyambitsa kwa blockchain layer 2 zitha kuphatikiza: 

• Kuvomereza kokulirapo komanso kukhazikitsidwa kokulirapo kwa matekinoloje a blockchain m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zachuma, chisamaliro chaumoyo, ndi mayendedwe. 
• Kuchepetsa mitengo yokhudzana ndi kukonzanso zinthu, makamaka pamachitidwe odutsa malire ndi kutumiza kunja. Izi zitha kuwonjezera kuphatikizidwa kwazachuma popangitsa kuti malonda akhale otsika mtengo kwa anthu ndi mabizinesi, makamaka m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene.
• Dongosolo lazachuma lomwe lili ndi demokalase kwambiri pomwe anthu ambiri amapeza mwayi wopeza chithandizo chandalama, kuchepetsa kudalira mabanki azikhalidwe komanso othandizira azachuma.
• Kuwonjezeka kufunika kwa blockchain akatswiri, Madivelopa, ndi alangizi. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti ntchito ziwonjezeke m'munda wa blockchain komanso kufunikira kwa mapulogalamu amaphunziro kuti athandizire izi.
• Kuwongolera zambiri pazambiri zamunthu monga kugawikana kobadwa kwa blockchain kumatha kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yosankha omwe angapeze ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chawo.
• Mlingo watsopano wowonekera ku machitidwe a ndale. Pogwiritsa ntchito blockchain povota kapena ndalama za boma, maboma atha kuchepetsa kwambiri chinyengo ndi katangale, ndikuwonjezera kudalirana kwa ntchito za boma.
• Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa malo ochezera a pa TV omwe ali ndi anthu ambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo osagwirizana ndi censorship komanso kusunga zinsinsi. 
• Maboma akupanga ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo atsopano kuti awonetsetse chitetezo cha ogula, misonkho yoyenera, ndi kupewa zinthu zosaloledwa. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti pakhale malamulo okhazikika, apadziko lonse lapansi aukadaulo wa blockchain.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

Ngati mudakumanapo ndikugwiritsa ntchito layer 2 blockchain, mwawona kusintha kotani?
Kodi njira inanso yogwiritsira ntchito komanso yokhazikika ya blockchain ingathandizire bwanji kutengera ana?