Kubwereketsa umwini: Vuto la nyumba likukulirakulira

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• October 30, 2023

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Mchitidwe wobwereketsa umwini, wotchedwa "Generation Rent," ukukula padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka m'mayiko otukuka. Kusintha kumeneku, motengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana pazachuma komanso kukulirakulira kwa vuto la nyumba, kukuwonetsa kusintha kwa zomwe achinyamata amakonda kukhala ndi nyumba zokhala ndi lendi komanso kutali ndi umwini wanyumba ndi malo ochezera. Makamaka pambuyo pa Vuto la Zachuma la 2008, zopinga monga kuvomereza ngongole zanyumba ndi kukwera kwamitengo ya katundu motsutsana ndi malipiro osasunthika zalepheretsa kugula nyumba. Pakadali pano, achinyamata ena amakonda njira yobwereketsa chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake pakati pa kukula kwa chikhalidwe cha osamukasamuka komanso kukwera kwa mitengo ya lendi m'matauni, ngakhale pali zovuta zina monga kuchedwa kwa mabanja komanso kuwononga ndalama kwa ogula chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa nyumba.

Kubwereketsa pa eni ake

Generation Rent ikuwonetsa zomwe zachitika posachedwa m'njira zanyumba za achinyamata, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa lendi komanso kutsika kwakanthawi kwa umwini wanyumba ndi nyumba za anthu. Ku UK, gawo lobwereka la anthu wamba (PRS) lakhala likusunga achinyamata kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zikuwonjezera nkhawa za kusagwirizana kwa nyumba. Njira iyi si ya UK yokha, komabe. Kutsatira Mavuto a Zachuma Padziko Lonse a 2008, mavuto opeza eni nyumba komanso kusowa kwa nyumba za anthu zadzetsa zovuta zofananira ku Australia, New Zealand, Canada, United States, ndi Spain. 

Ndi anthu opeza ndalama zochepa omwe akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vuto la nyumba. Kafukufuku wokhudza Generation Rent ayang'ana kwambiri za izi popanda kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amalandila ndalama zochepa omwe akanakhala oyenerera kukhala ndi nyumba zachitukuko m'mbuyomu. Komabe, kubwereketsa kubwereka kumakhala kofala kwambiri kuposa kale. Nyumba imodzi mwa zisanu ku UK tsopano ikuchita lendi payekha, ndipo obwereketsawa akucheperachepera. Anthu azaka zapakati pa 25 mpaka 34 tsopano ali ndi 35 peresenti ya mabanja mu PRS. M’dera limene limaika ndalama zolipirira eni nyumba, kuchuluka kwa anthu amene amachita lendi mofunitsitsa komanso mopanda kufuna m’malo mogula nyumba ndi nkhani yachibadwa.

Zosokoneza

Anthu ena amakakamizika kupanga lendi m’malo mokhala ndi nyumba chifukwa chavuta kupeza ngongole yanyumba. M'mbuyomu, mabanki anali okonzeka kubwereketsa ndalama kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ngongole zochepa kwambiri. Komabe, kuyambira vuto lazachuma la 2008, mabungwe azachuma akhala okhwima kwambiri pankhani yofunsira ngongole. Chotchinga chamsewuchi chapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti achinyamata akwere makwerero a katundu. Chifukwa china chakukwera kwa lendi ndikuti mitengo yanyumba yakwera kwambiri kuposa malipiro. Ngakhale achichepere angakwanitse kubwereketsa nyumba, sangathe kubweza mwezi uliwonse. M’mizinda ina, monga ku London, mitengo ya nyumba yakwera kwambiri moti ngakhale anthu amene amapeza ndalama zapakati amavutika kuti agule malo. 

Kuwonjezeka kwa lendi kumakhudzanso msika wanyumba ndi mabizinesi. Mwachitsanzo, kufunikira kwa malo obwereketsa kungachuluke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitengo ikhale yokwera. Ngakhale kupanga lendi nyumba yabwino kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri. Komabe, mabizinesi omwe amasamalira obwereketsa, monga kubwereketsa mipando ndi ntchito zosuntha nyumba, akuyenera kuchita bwino chifukwa cha mchitidwewu. Kubwereketsa umwini kumakhudzanso anthu. Anthu ambiri amene amakhala m’nyumba zalendi angayambitse mavuto, monga kuchulukana kwa anthu ndiponso umbanda. Kusamuka panyumba pafupipafupi kungapangitsenso kuti zikhale zovuta kuti anthu akhazikike m'dera lawo kapena kudzimva kuti ndi ofunikira. Ngakhale pali zovuta, kubwereka kumapereka maubwino ena kuposa kukhala. Mwachitsanzo, obwereketsa amatha kusuntha mosavuta ngati pakufunika mwayi wopeza ntchito ndi bizinesi. Obwereketsa amakhalanso ndi mwayi wokhala m'malo omwe sangakwanitse kugula nyumba. 

Zowonjezereka za kubwereka pa kukhala ndi mwini

Zomwe zingachitike pakubwereketsa kukhala ndi umwini zingaphatikizepo: 

• Achinyamata ambiri omwe akusankha kukhala moyo wosamukasamuka, kuphatikizapo kusintha ntchito zodzichitira okha. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa moyo wamanomad wa digito kumapangitsa kugula nyumba kukhala kosasangalatsa komanso kukhala ndi ngongole m'malo mwa katundu.
• Mitengo ya lendi ikupitirira kukwera m’mizinda ikuluikulu, zomwe zikulepheretsa antchito kubwerera ku ofesi.
• Achinyamata amene amasankha kukhala ndi makolo awo kwa nthawi yaitali chifukwa chakuti sangakwanitse kuchita lendi kapena kukhala ndi nyumba. 
• Chiŵerengero cha anthu chikuchulukirachulukira chifukwa kulephera kupeza nyumba kumakhudza mapangidwe a mabanja komanso kukwanitsa kulera ana.
• Kuchepa kwachuma chifukwa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe ogula amawononga zimaperekedwa kumitengo yanyumba.

Mafunso oti muyankhepo

• Ndi ndondomeko ziti zomwe boma lingalimbikitse kuti achepetse mtengo wa nyumba?
• Kodi maboma angathandize bwanji achinyamata kuti akhale ndi nyumba?