Zomangamanga zamagalimoto amagetsi: Kupatsa mphamvu m'badwo wotsatira wamagalimoto okhazikika

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Zomangamanga zamagalimoto amagetsi: Kupatsa mphamvu m'badwo wotsatira wamagalimoto okhazikika

Zomangamanga zamagalimoto amagetsi: Kupatsa mphamvu m'badwo wotsatira wamagalimoto okhazikika

Mutu waung'ono mawu
Mayiko akuyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti akhazikitse madoko okwanira kuti athandizire msika womwe ukukula wamagalimoto amagetsi.
    • Author:
    • Dzina la wolemba
      Quantumrun Foresight
    • March 13, 2023

    Pamene mayiko akuvutika kuti akwaniritse zolinga zawo zochepetsera mpweya wa carbon dioxide m'chaka cha 2050, maboma angapo akumasula mapulani awo oyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi (EV) kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito zawo zochepetsera mpweya. Ambiri mwa mapulaniwa akuphatikiza malonjezano othetsa kugulitsa magalimoto oyaka mkati mwa 2030 mpaka 2045. 

    Zomangamanga zamagalimoto amagetsi

    Ku UK, 91 peresenti ya mpweya wotenthetsera mpweya umachokera ku mayendedwe. Komabe, dzikolo likukonzekera kukhazikitsa malo opangira magalimoto pafupifupi 300,000 ku UK pofika chaka cha 2030 ndi bajeti pafupifupi $625 miliyoni USD. Malo olipiritsawa adzaikidwa m'malo okhalamo, malo osungiramo magalimoto (magalimoto), komanso malo olipira usiku wonse. 

    Pakadali pano, "Fit for 55 Package" ya European Union (EU) yomwe idalengezedwa mu Julayi 2021, idafotokoza cholinga chake chochepetsa mpweya woipa ndi 55 peresenti pofika 2030 poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa 1990. kukhala kontinenti yoyamba padziko lonse yopanda mpweya wa carbon pofika chaka cha 2050. Ndondomeko yake yaikulu ikuphatikizapo kukhazikitsa malo oyendetsera anthu okwana 6.8 miliyoni pofika chaka cha 2030. Pulogalamuyi ikugogomezeranso kuwongolera koyenera kwa gridi yamagetsi ndi kumanga magwero a mphamvu zowonjezera kuti apereke ma EV ndi mphamvu zoyera.

    Unduna wa Zamagetsi ku US udatulutsanso kuwunika kwa zomangamanga za EV, zomwe zimafunikira mpaka 1.2 miliyoni zolipiritsa osakhalamo kuti zikwaniritse zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira. Akuti pofika chaka cha 2030, dziko la US lidzakhala ndi mapulagi ochajitsa pafupifupi 600,000 Level 2 (onse agulu ndi ogwira ntchito) ndi 25,000 othamangitsa mwachangu kuti athandizire zosowa za magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi (PEVs) pafupifupi 15 miliyoni. Zomangamanga zolipiritsa anthu zimangopanga 13 peresenti yokha ya mapulagi omwe akuyembekezeka kuti adzalipirire mu 2030. Komabe, mizinda monga San Jose, California (73 peresenti), San Francisco, California (43 peresenti), ndi Seattle, Washington (peresenti 41) ili ndi gawo lalikulu la mapulagi olipira ndipo ali pafupi kukwaniritsa zosowa zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa.

    Zosokoneza

    Chuma chotukuka chikhoza kuchulukitsa ndalama pomanga zomangamanga za EV. Maboma atha kupereka zolimbikitsa zandalama, monga thandizo kapena ngongole zamisonkho, kwa anthu ndi mabizinesi kuti alimbikitse kugula ma EV ndi kukhazikitsa malo othamangitsira. Maboma athanso kupanga mgwirizano ndi makampani azinsinsi kuti akhazikitse ndikugwiritsa ntchito maukonde olipira, kugawana mtengo ndi phindu lomanga ndi kukonza zomangamanga.

    Komabe, kukhazikitsa mapulani opangira ma EVs kukukumana ndi vuto lalikulu: kukopa anthu kuti atenge ma EV ndikuwapanga kukhala njira yabwino. Pofuna kusintha maganizo a anthu, maboma ena akulozera kuwonjezereka kwa malo ochapira powaphatikiza kukhala nyale za m’misewu, malo oimika magalimoto, ndi malo okhalamo. Maboma ang'onoang'ono angafunikirenso kuganizira momwe khazikitsa malo othamangitsira anthu pagulu lachitetezo cha oyenda pansi ndi apanjinga. Kuti muyende bwino, misewu yanjinga ndi mabasi iyenera kukhala yomveka bwino komanso yofikirika, chifukwa kukwera njinga ndi mayendedwe a anthu kungathandizenso kuchepetsa utsi.

    Kuphatikiza pakuwonjezera kupezeka, mapulani a zomangamanga a EV akuyeneranso kuganizira zowongolera njira zolipirira ndikupatsa ogula chidziwitso chokhudza mitengo yamitengo akamagwiritsa ntchito malo olipirawa. Masiteshoni ochapira mwachangu adzafunikanso kuikidwa m'mphepete mwa misewu yayikulu kuti athandizire kuyenda mtunda wautali ndi magalimoto ndi mabasi. Bungwe la EU likuyerekeza kuti pafupifupi $ 350 biliyoni USD idzafunika kukhazikitsa zipangizo zokwanira za EV pofika chaka cha 2030. Pakalipano, boma la US likuwunika njira zothandizira zokonda za ogula pakati pa plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) ndi magalimoto amagetsi a batri (BEVs).

    Zotsatira za zomangamanga zamagalimoto amagetsi

    Zowonjezereka pakukulitsa kwachitukuko cha EV zingaphatikizepo:

    • Opanga magalimoto akuyang'ana kwambiri kupanga ma EV ndikuchotsa pang'onopang'ono mitundu ya dizilo isanafike 2030.
    • Misewu ikuluikulu yokhayokha, intaneti ya Zinthu (IoT), komanso malo ochapira mwachangu omwe samathandizira ma EV okha komanso magalimoto odziyimira pawokha ndi magalimoto.
    • Maboma akukulitsa bajeti yawo ya zomangamanga za EV, kuphatikiza kampeni yoyendetsera mayendedwe okhazikika m'matauni.
    • Kuwonjezeka kwa kuzindikira ndi kutengera ma EVs zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu asinthe malingaliro amtundu wa mayendedwe okhazikika komanso kudalira pang'ono pamafuta.
    • Mwayi watsopano wa ntchito pakupanga, zopangira zolipiritsa, ndiukadaulo wa batri. 
    • Kuwonjezeka kwa mayendedwe aukhondo ndi okhazikika kwa madera omwe kale anali osatetezedwa.
    • Zatsopano zambiri muukadaulo wa batri, njira zolipirira, ndi makina anzeru a gridi, zomwe zimapangitsa kusungirako mphamvu ndikupititsa patsogolo kugawa.
    • Kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira kwa magwero amagetsi oyera, monga mphepo ndi dzuwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri zopangira mphamvu zowonjezera.

    Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

    • Kodi zina zomanga zingathandize bwanji ma EV?
    • Ndi zovuta zina ziti zomwe zingachitike pakusinthira ku ma EV?

    Maumboni anzeru

    Maulalo otsatirawa otchuka ndi mabungwe adanenedwa kuti adziwe izi:

    European Automobile Manufacturers' Association European Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Masterplan