Malo okwerera mlengalenga: Gawo lotsatira pakutsatsa kwamlengalenga

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• March 22, 2023

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Ngakhale kuti chitukuko cha malo opangira malo achinsinsi chikadali koyambirira, zikuwonekeratu kuti ali ndi kuthekera kokhudza tsogolo la kufufuza ndi kugwiritsira ntchito malo kwambiri. Pamene makampani ndi mabungwe achinsinsi akulowa m'makampani a mlengalenga, mpikisano wopezera malo osungiramo zinthu komanso kuyang'anira malo opangira malo akuyenera kuwonjezeka, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zachuma ndi ndale.

Ndemanga za siteshoni yachinsinsi

Malo okwerera mlengalenga achinsinsi ndi chitukuko chatsopano padziko lonse lapansi ofufuza zakuthambo ndipo ali ndi kuthekera kosintha momwe anthu amaganizira za kuyenda ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mlengalenga. Malo awa omwe ali ndi eni ake komanso ogwira ntchito akupangidwa ndi makampani ndi mabungwe kuti apereke nsanja ya kafukufuku, kupanga, ndi zochitika zina mu low Earth orbit (LEO).

Pali kale mabizinesi angapo omwe akugwira ntchito yokonza masiteshoni am'mlengalenga. Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi Blue Origin, kampani yopanga ndege zapayekha komanso ntchito zapamlengalenga yokhazikitsidwa ndi CEO wa Amazon Jeff Bezos. Blue Origin yalengeza za mapulani okhazikitsa malo opangira malonda otchedwa "Orbital Reef," omwe akonzedwa kuti azigwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kupanga, kufufuza, ndi zokopa alendo. Kampaniyo ikufuna kuti malowa ayambe kugwira ntchito pofika pakati pa 2020s ndipo asayina kale mapangano ndi makasitomala angapo, kuphatikiza National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), kuti agwiritse ntchito malowa pofufuza ndi zina.

Kampani ina yomwe ikupanga malo okwerera mlengalenga ndi Voyager Space ndi kampani yake ya Nanoracks, yomwe ikugwirizana ndi chimphona chazamlengalenga Lockheed Martin kuti apange malo ochitira malonda otchedwa "Starlab." Malo okwerera mlengalenga apangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zolipira, kuphatikiza zoyesa kafukufuku, njira zopangira zinthu, komanso ntchito zotumizira ma satellite. Kampaniyo ikukonzekera kukhazikitsa malo opangira mlengalenga ndi 2027. Mu September 2022, Voyager inasaina Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) ndi mabungwe angapo a zakuthambo a Latin America, monga Colombian Space Agency, El Salvador Aerospace Institute, ndi Mexican Space Agency.

Zosokoneza

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimayendetsa chitukuko cha malo ochezera achinsinsi ndi kuthekera kwachuma komwe amapereka. Malo akhala akuwoneka kuti ndi malo okhala ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo malo osungira anthu payekha amatha kupereka njira yopezera ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zinthuzi kuti apindule. Mwachitsanzo, makampani amatha kugwiritsa ntchito malo opangira danga kuti afufuze zida ndi matekinoloje kuti apange ma satelayiti, malo okhala mumlengalenga, kapena zida zina zotengera malo. Kuphatikiza apo, malo opangira danga atha kupereka nsanja yopangira njira zomwe zimapindula ndi mikhalidwe yapadera yomwe imapezeka mumlengalenga, monga zero gravity ndi vacuum of space.

Kuphatikiza pa phindu lazachuma la malo osungira anthu payekha, amakhalanso ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zotsatira zazikulu zandale. Pamene mayiko ambiri ndi makampani apadera akukulitsa luso lawo la danga, mpikisano wopezera mwayi wopezeka mumlengalenga ndi kuyang'anira malo opangira malo ukuwonjezeka. Mchitidwewu ukhoza kuyambitsa mikangano pakati pa mayiko ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana pamene akufuna kuteteza zofuna zawo ndikuyika zonena zawo m'malire omwe akukula mofulumira.

Kuphatikiza apo, makampani ena, monga SpaceX, akufuna kupanga maziko oti azitha kusamuka, makamaka ku Mwezi ndi Mars. 

Zotsatira za masiteshoni achinsinsi

Zotsatira zakuchulukira kwa malo am'mlengalenga angaphatikizepo: 

• Maboma akukonza ndi kupanga malamulo kuti aziyang'anira malonda a mlengalenga ndi kukulitsa.
• Otukuka azachuma akuthamanga kuti akhazikitse kapena kukulitsa mabungwe awo am'mlengalenga kuti athe kutenga nawo gawo pazochita zam'mlengalenga ndi mwayi. Izi zitha kuthandizira kukulitsa mikangano yazandale.
• Oyamba ochulukirapo okhazikika pazomangamanga zamlengalenga, mayendedwe, zokopa alendo, komanso kusanthula kwa data. Izi zitha kuthandizira mtundu wabizinesi womwe ukubwera wa Space-as-a-Service.
• Kukula mwachangu kwa zokopa alendo mumlengalenga, kuphatikiza mahotela, malo odyera, malo ochezera, ndi maulendo. Komabe, izi (poyamba) zitha kupezeka kwa olemera kwambiri.
• Kuchulukitsa mapulojekiti ofufuza pa malo opangira mlengalenga kuti apange matekinoloje amtsogolo omwe amakhala ndi mwezi ndi Mars, kuphatikiza ulimi wamlengalenga ndi kasamalidwe ka mphamvu.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Ndi zinthu zina ziti zomwe zingathe kupezedwa chifukwa chokhala ndi malo osungira achinsinsi?
• Kodi makampani opanga zinthu zakuthambo angatsimikizire bwanji kuti ntchito zawo n’zofikira kwa anthu onse, osati olemera okha?