Automation ya ogwira ntchito: Kodi ogwira ntchito atha bwanji kukhala oyenera?

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• November 6, 2023

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Makinawa akusintha mayendedwe amsika wantchito, makina omwe amatenga ntchito zanthawi zonse, motero amakankhira mabungwe onse ophunzirira ndi ogwira ntchito kuti agwirizane ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo. Kuthamanga kwachangu, makamaka pankhani zama robotiki ndi luntha lochita kupanga, kungayambitse kusamuka kwa ogwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunika kopititsa patsogolo maphunziro ndi maphunziro ogwirizana ndi ntchito zamtsogolo. Ngakhale kuti kusinthaku kumabweretsa zovuta, monga kusalingana kwa malipiro ndi kuchotsedwa ntchito, kumatsegulanso zitseko za moyo wabwino wa ntchito, mwayi watsopano wa ntchito mu tech-centric fields, komanso kuthekera kwa ogwira ntchito omwe amagawidwa kwambiri.

Automation ya ogwira ntchito

Makinawa akhala akuchitika kwa zaka zambiri. Komabe, ndi posachedwapa pamene makina ayamba kusintha antchito aumunthu pamlingo waukulu chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa robotics ndi mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu. Malinga ndi World Economic Forum (WEF), mu 2025, ntchito 85 miliyoni zidzatayika padziko lonse lapansi m'mabizinesi apakatikati ndi akulu m'mafakitale 15 ndi mayiko 26 chifukwa cha makina opangira makina komanso gawo latsopano lantchito pakati pa anthu ndi makina.

"Kupanga kwatsopano" kwazaka makumi angapo zikubwerazi, komwe kudzakhala kotsogola kwambiri muzochita zama robotiki ndi nzeru zopangapanga (AI) - kukulitsa mitundu yantchito ndi ntchito zomwe makina angagwire. Zitha kupangitsa kuti ogwira ntchito achuluke kwambiri komanso kusalingana kuposa momwe zidakhalira m'mibadwo yam'mbuyomu. Izi zitha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu kwa omaliza maphunziro aku koleji komanso akatswiri kuposa kale. M'malo mwake, matekinoloje omwe akubwera adzawona ntchito mamiliyoni ambiri zikusokonezedwa komanso zongochitika mwa zina kapena zonse, kuphatikiza oyendetsa magalimoto ndi ogulitsa ogulitsa, komanso ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo, maloya, owerengera ndalama, ndi akatswiri azachuma. 

Zatsopano pamaphunziro ndi maphunziro, kulenga ntchito ndi owalemba ntchito, ndi zowonjezera zamalipiro a antchito zonse zidzapititsidwa patsogolo ndi omwe akukhudzidwa nawo. Cholepheretsa chachikulu ndikukulitsa kukula ndi mtundu wa maphunziro ndi maphunziro kuti zigwirizane ndi AI. Izi zikuphatikizapo kulankhulana, luso losanthula zovuta, ndi zatsopano. Masukulu a K-12 ndi postsecondary ayenera kusintha maphunziro awo kuti atero. Komabe, antchito, ambiri, ali okondwa kupereka ntchito zawo zobwerezabwereza kwa AI. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2021 Gartner, 70 peresenti ya ogwira ntchito aku US ali okonzeka kugwira ntchito ndi AI, makamaka pakukonza ma data ndi ntchito zama digito.

Zosokoneza

Kusintha kwa mafunde a automation sizochitika zodetsa nkhawa. Pali umboni wokwanira wosonyeza kuti ogwira ntchito ali ndi kuthekera kozolowera nthawi yatsopanoyi. Zochitika zakale za kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kofulumira sikunafikitse pachimake pa ulova wofalikira, zomwe zikuwonetsa kulimba mtima kwa ogwira ntchito ndi kusinthasintha. Komanso, antchito ambiri omwe amachotsedwa ntchito chifukwa cha makina nthawi zambiri amapeza ntchito zatsopano, ngakhale kuti nthawi zina amalipidwa. Kupanga ntchito zatsopano potsatira makina opangira makina ndi chingwe china chasiliva; mwachitsanzo, kukwera kwa ma ATM kudachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ogulitsa mabanki, koma nthawi yomweyo kudalimbikitsa kufunikira kwa oyimilira makasitomala ndi maudindo ena othandizira. 

Komabe, kuthamanga kwapadera ndi kukula kwa makina amakono kumabweretsa zovuta, makamaka panthawi yomwe chuma chikukula mopanda pake komanso malipiro omwe ali pachiwopsezo. Izi zikuyambitsa kuchulukirachulukira kosagwirizana komwe phindu la makina opangira makina amawonjezedwa mopanda malire ndi omwe ali ndi luso lofunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito matekinoloje atsopano, zomwe zikusiya ogwira ntchito ambiri kukhala opanda phindu. Kusiyanasiyana kwa ma automation kumatsimikizira kufulumira kwa kuyankha kwa mfundo zokonzedwa bwino zothandizira ogwira ntchito pakusinthaku. Mwala wapangodya wa kuyankha koteroko ndikulimbikitsa maphunziro ndi maphunziro kuti apatse ogwira ntchito maluso ofunikira kuti ayendetse msika wantchito woyendetsedwa ndiukadaulo. 

Thandizo losinthika likuwoneka ngati njira yothandiza kwakanthawi kochepa yothandizira ogwira ntchito omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi makina. Thandizoli likhoza kuphatikizira kuphunzitsidwanso mapulogalamu kapena thandizo la ndalama panthawi yosinthira kupita kuntchito yatsopano. Makampani ena akukhazikitsa kale mapulogalamu opititsa patsogolo luso lokonzekera bwino antchito awo, monga telecom Verizon's Skill Forward, yomwe imapereka maphunziro aulere aukadaulo ndi luso lofewa kuti athandize ogwira ntchito mtsogolo kukhazikitsa ntchito zaukadaulo.

Zotsatira za automation ya ogwira ntchito

Zotsatira zazikulu za automation ya ogwira ntchito zingaphatikizepo: 

• Kuwonjezedwa kwa zolipirira ndi zopindulitsa za ogwira ntchito, kuphatikiza ndalama zamisonkho zomwe amapeza, kuwongolera kasamalidwe ka ana ndi tchuthi cholipiridwa, ndi inshuwaransi yamalipiro kuti achepetse kutayika kwamalipiro komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha makina.
• Kuwonekera kwa mapulogalamu atsopano a maphunziro ndi ophunzitsira, kuyang'ana kwambiri pakupereka maluso okhudzana ndi tsogolo monga kusanthula deta, kukopera, ndi kuyanjana bwino ndi makina ndi ma algorithms.
• Maboma omwe amapereka mphamvu zogwirira ntchito kumakampani kuti awonetsetse kuti gawo linalake la ntchito likuperekedwa kwa anthu ogwira nawo ntchito, kulimbikitsa kukhalirana koyenera kwa anthu ndi ntchito zongopanga zokha.
• Kusintha kochititsa chidwi kwa zilakolako za ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito ochulukirapo omwe akuyambiranso ndikuyambiranso luso kuti alowe m'magawo aukadaulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafakitole ena asokonezeke.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa magulu omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe omwe amalimbikitsa kusagwirizana kwamalipiro komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi makina.
• Kusintha kwamitundu yamabizinesi popereka mautumiki owonjezera, popeza makina amatengera ntchito zanthawi zonse, kupititsa patsogolo zomwe makasitomala amakumana nazo komanso kutulutsa ndalama zatsopano.
• Kuwonekera kwa chikhalidwe cha digito monga gawo lofunikira kwambiri paulamuliro wamakampani, kuthana ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi zinsinsi za data, kukondera kwa algorithmic, komanso kutumiza bwino matekinoloje a automation.
• Kusintha komwe kungathe kuchitika m'madera akumatauni komwe kukuwonetsa kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha anthu chifukwa makinawa amapangitsa kuti kuyandikira kwadera kuzikhala kovutirapo, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kugawidwa kwa anthu.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mukuganiza kuti ntchito yanu ili pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi makina?
• Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji kuti luso lanu likhale logwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa automation?