Malamulo oletsa kufalitsa nkhani zabodza: ​​Maboma akuchulukirachulukira pa nkhani zabodza

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• October 2, 2023

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Maboma padziko lonse lapansi akuyesetsa kuthana ndi kufalikira kwa nkhani zabodza pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo oletsa kufalitsa kachilomboka, ndi zilango zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, pali nkhawa kuti ndani angasankhe zomwe zili zabodza, zomwe zingatsogolere kuwunika. Ku Europe, Code Voluntary Practice yosinthidwa ikufuna kuti nsanja zaukadaulo ziyankhe. Ngakhale izi, otsutsa amanena kuti malamulo oterowo akhoza kuchepetsa kulankhula kwaufulu ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazandale, pamene Big Tech ikupitirizabe kulimbana ndi kudziletsa.

Anti-disinformation malamulo nkhani

Maboma padziko lonse lapansi akugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri malamulo oletsa kufalitsa nkhani zabodza pofuna kuthana ndi kufalitsa nkhani zabodza. Mu 2018, dziko la Malaysia lidakhala limodzi mwa mayiko oyamba kukhazikitsa lamulo lomwe limalanga anthu ogwiritsa ntchito ma TV kapena osindikiza pa digito chifukwa chofalitsa nkhani zabodza. Zilango zikuphatikiza chindapusa cha $123,000 USD komanso kukhala m'ndende mpaka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Mu 2021, boma la Australia lidalengeza mapulani ake okhazikitsa malamulo omwe adzapatse oyang'anira atolankhani, Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA), kuwonjezera mphamvu zowongolera makampani a Big Tech omwe sagwirizana ndi Voluntary Code of Practice for Disinformation. Mfundozi zimachokera ku lipoti la ACMA, lomwe linapeza kuti 82 peresenti ya anthu aku Australia adadya zinthu zabodza zokhudza COVID-19 m'miyezi 18 yapitayi.

Malamulo oterowo akuwonetsa momwe maboma akulimbikitsira kuyesetsa kuti ogulitsa nkhani zabodza aziyankha mlandu chifukwa cha zotsatirapo zake. Komabe, ngakhale kuti ambiri amavomereza kuti malamulo okhwima akufunika kuti aletse kufalikira kwa nkhani zabodza, otsutsa ena amati malamulowa angakhale njira yopezera kufufuzidwa. Mayiko ena monga US ndi Philippines akuganiza kuti kuletsa nkhani zabodza pawailesi yakanema kumaphwanya ufulu wolankhula komanso kusagwirizana ndi malamulo. Komabe, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti mtsogolomu pangakhale malamulo oletsa kufalitsa nkhani zogawikana pamene andale akufunafunanso zisankho ndipo maboma akuvutika kuti akhale odalirika.

Zosokoneza

Ngakhale mfundo zotsutsana ndi disinformation ndizofunikira kwambiri, otsutsa amadzifunsa kuti ndani amapeza chidziwitso cha pakhomo ndikusankha "choonadi"? Ku Malaysia, mamembala ena azamalamulo amanena kuti pali malamulo okwanira omwe amapereka zilango za nkhani zabodza poyambirira. Kuphatikiza apo, ma terminologies ndi matanthauzo a nkhani zabodza komanso momwe oyimilira azisanthula sizikudziwika. 

Pakadali pano, zoyesayesa zaku Australia zolimbana ndi kufalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zidatheka chifukwa cha gulu lolandirira anthu la Big Tech lomwe lidayambitsa Lamulo Lodzifunira Logwiritsa Ntchito Zosokoneza Anthu mu 2021. Mu Khodi iyi, Facebook, Google, Twitter, ndi Microsoft adafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe akukonzekerera kuletsa kufalikira kwa ma disinformation. pamapulatifomu awo, kuphatikiza kupereka malipoti owonekera pachaka. Komabe, makampani ambiri a Big Tech sanathe kuwongolera kufalikira kwazinthu zabodza komanso zabodza zokhudzana ndi mliriwu kapena nkhondo ya Russia-Ukraine m'chilengedwe chawo cha digito, ngakhale kudziletsa.

Pakadali pano, ku Europe, nsanja zazikuluzikulu zapaintaneti, nsanja zomwe zikubwera komanso zapadera, osewera pamakampani otsatsa, ofufuza zenizeni, ndi kafukufuku komanso mabungwe a anthu wapereka ndondomeko ya Voluntary Code of Practice for Disinformation mu June 2022, kutsatira malangizo a European Commission omwe adatulutsidwa. Meyi 2021. Pofika mu 2022, Khodiyo ili ndi osayina 34 omwe adagwirizana kuti achitepo kanthu motsutsana ndi kampeni yofalitsa nkhani zabodza, kuphatikiza: 

• kuletsa kufalitsa kwa disinformation, 
• kulimbikitsa kuwonekera kwa malonda andale, 
• kupatsa mphamvu ogwiritsa ntchito, ndi 
• kulimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi ofufuza zenizeni. 

Osaina ayenera kukhazikitsa Transparency Center, yomwe idzapatse anthu chidule chosavuta kumva cha zomwe achita kuti akwaniritse malonjezo awo. Osayina akuyenera kukhazikitsa Malamulowo mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Zotsatira za malamulo odana ndi disinformation

Zotsatira zochulukira zamalamulo odana ndi disinformation zitha kuphatikiza: 

• Kuwonjezeka kwa malamulo ogawanitsa padziko lonse lapansi motsutsana ndi zabodza komanso nkhani zabodza. Mayiko ambiri atha kukhala ndi mikangano yosalekeza yokhudza malamulo oletsa kuwunika.
• Zipani zina za ndale ndi atsogoleri a mayiko omwe amagwiritsa ntchito malamulo oletsa kufalitsa mauthengawa ngati zida zotetezera mphamvu ndi chikoka chawo motsutsana ndi opikisana nawo pandale.
• Magulu omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe komanso olimbikitsa anthu omwe akuchita ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi malamulo oletsa kufalitsa nkhani, kuwawona ngati osagwirizana ndi malamulo.
• Makampani aukadaulo ochulukirapo akulangidwa chifukwa cholephera kudzipereka ku Ma Code of Practice Against Disinformation.
• Big Tech imachulukitsa olemba ntchito akatswiri owongolera kuti afufuze mipata yotheka ya Codes of Practice Against Disinformation. Mayankho a Novel generative AI atha kupangidwanso kuti athandizire pakuwongolera pamlingo waukulu.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi malamulo oletsa kufalitsa mauthenga angaphwanye bwanji ufulu wolankhula?
• Kodi ndi njira zina ziti zimene maboma angapewere kufalitsa nkhani zabodza?