Kutulutsa kwapa digito: Mtengo wadziko lokhala ndi data

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• November 7, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Malo opangira ma data akhala gawo lofunikira pakukhazikitsa mabizinesi chifukwa mabizinesi ambiri tsopano akuyesetsa kudzikhazikitsa ngati atsogoleri amsika pachuma chomwe chikuyendetsedwa ndi deta. Komabe, malowa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa makampani ambiri kufunafuna njira zochepetsera mphamvu zamagetsi. Njirazi zikuphatikiza kusamutsa malo opangira data kupita kumalo ozizira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti ya Zinthu (IoT) kutsatira zomwe zimatulutsa mpweya.

Kutulutsa kwa digito

Kuchulukirachulukira kwa kutchuka kwa mapulogalamu ndi ntchito zozikidwa pamtambo (mwachitsanzo, Software-as-a-Service and Infrastructure-as-a-Service) kwadzetsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo opangira data omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makompyuta apamwamba kwambiri. Malo opangira datawa ayenera kugwira ntchito 24/7 ndikuphatikiza mapulani okhazikika mwadzidzidzi kuti akwaniritse zomwe makampani awo akufuna.

Malo osungiramo data ndi gawo la njira yotakata ya sociotechnical yomwe ikuwononga kwambiri chilengedwe. Pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira padziko lonse lapansi zimachokera pa intaneti ndi ntchito zapaintaneti. Pofika chaka cha 2030, zikuyembekezeka kuti ntchito zapaintaneti ndi zida zizikhala 20 peresenti yamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi. Kukula kumeneku ndi kosakhazikika ndipo kumawopseza chitetezo champhamvu ndi ntchito zochepetsera mpweya wa carbon.

Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti pali malamulo osakwanira oyang'anira kutulutsa kwa digito. Ndipo ngakhale akatswiri aukadaulo a Google, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, ndi Facebook alonjeza kuti agwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezera 100 peresenti, sakulamulidwa kuti akwaniritse malonjezo awo. Mwachitsanzo, Greenpeace idadzudzula Amazon mu 2019 chifukwa chosakwaniritsa cholinga chake chochepetsa bizinesi kuchokera kumakampani opangira mafuta. 

Zosokoneza

Chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwachuma ndi chilengedwe kwa malo opangira ma data, mayunivesite ndi makampani aukadaulo akupanga njira zogwirira ntchito zama digito. Yunivesite ya Stanford ikuyang'ana kupanga makina ophunzirira kukhala "obiriwira" ndi njira zochepetsera mphamvu komanso magawo ophunzitsira. Panthawiyi, Google ndi Facebook akumanga malo opangira deta m'madera omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri, kumene chilengedwe chimapereka kuzizira kwaulere kwa zipangizo za IT. Makampaniwa akuganiziranso za tchipisi ta makompyuta togwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, ofufuza adapeza kuti mapangidwe apadera a neural network amatha kukhala opatsa mphamvu kuwirikiza kasanu pophunzitsa ma aligorivimu kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito tchipisi tokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi.

Pakadali pano, zoyambira zingapo zakula kuti zithandizire makampani kuyang'anira zotulutsa zamagetsi kudzera pazida zosiyanasiyana ndi mayankho. Njira imodzi yotere ndikutsata kutulutsa kwa IoT. Matekinoloje a IoT omwe amatha kuzindikira mpweya wa GHG akulandira chidwi chowonjezereka kuchokera kwa osunga ndalama pamene akuzindikira kuthekera kwa matekinolojewa kuti apereke deta yolondola komanso yosawerengeka. Mwachitsanzo, Project Canary, kampani yosanthula deta yochokera ku Denver yomwe imapereka njira yowunikira mosalekeza yochokera ku IoT, idakweza ndalama zokwana $111 miliyoni mu February 2022. 

Chida china chowongolera mpweya wa digito ndikutsata gwero lamphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Dongosololi limatsata kusonkhanitsa ndi kutsimikizira kwa mphamvu zobiriwira, monga zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera ku ziphaso zamphamvu ndi satifiketi ya mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Makampani monga Google ndi Microsoft ayambanso chidwi ndi satifiketi yotengera nthawi yomwe imalola "mphamvu zopanda mpweya 24/7." 

Zotsatira za kutulutsa kwa digito

Zotsatira zakukula kwa mpweya wa digito zingaphatikizepo: 

• Makampani ochulukirapo amamanga malo osungiramo data m'malo mokhala ndi malo akuluakulu apakati kuti asunge mphamvu ndikuthandizira makompyuta am'mphepete.
• Mayiko ambiri omwe ali m'malo ozizira akutenga mwayi wosamukira kumadera ozizira kuti akweze chuma chawo.
• Kuchulukitsa kafufuzidwe ndi mpikisano kuti mupange tchipisi ta makompyuta osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kapena opanda mphamvu.
• Maboma omwe akukhazikitsa malamulo otulutsa mpweya wa digito ndikulimbikitsa makampani apakhomo kuti achepetse njira zawo zama digito.
• Oyamba ochulukirapo omwe amapereka mayankho owongolera mpweya wa digito popeza makampani akuchulukirachulukira kuti afotokozere zaulamuliro wawo wapa digito kwa osunga ndalama.
• Kuchulukitsa kwandalama muzothetsera mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, zodzichitira zokha, ndi luntha lochita kupanga (AI) kuti musunge mphamvu.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi kampani yanu imayendetsa bwanji zotulutsa za digito?
• Nanga maboma angakhazikitse bwanji malire pa kukula kwa mabizinesi otulutsa mpweya wa digito?