Reshoring supply chain: Mpikisano womanga kwanuko

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• Mwina 16, 2023

Kwa nthawi yayitali ngati gawo lalikulu, lolumikizana, msika wapadziko lonse lapansi udasokonekera komanso zolephereka panthawi ya mliri wa COVID-19. Kukula kumeneku kunapangitsa makampani kuganiziranso ngati kudalira ochepa ogulitsa ndi ma chain chain ndi ndalama zabwino zomwe zikupita patsogolo.

Kubwezeretsanso nkhani zaunyolo

Bungwe la World Trade Organization linanena kuti malonda a malonda padziko lonse adaposa $22 trilioni USD mu 2021, kuwirikiza kakhumi kuchuluka kwa ndalama kuchokera mu 1980. ogulitsa ku Mexico, Romania, China, ndi Vietnam, pakati pa mayiko ena otsika mtengo.

Komabe, chifukwa cha mliri wa 2020 COVID-19, sikuti atsogoleri azigawo amangoyenera kukonzanso maunyolo awo, koma ayeneranso kuwapangitsa kukhala okhazikika komanso okhazikika. Ndi kutsala pang'ono kutha kwa mabizinesi ndi njira zatsopano zowongolera, monga msonkho wa kaboni wa European Union (EU), zikuwonekeratu kuti mitundu yokhazikitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi iyenera kusintha.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2022 wa Ernst & Young (EY) Industrial Supply Chain Survey, 45 peresenti ya omwe adafunsidwa adati adakumana ndi kusokonekera chifukwa chakuchedwa kokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka zinthu, ndipo 48 peresenti idasokonekera chifukwa chakusowa kapena kuchedwa. Ambiri omwe adafunsidwa (56 peresenti) adawonanso kukwera kwamitengo yopangira.

Kupatula zovuta zokhudzana ndi mliriwu, pakufunika kukonzanso maunyolo chifukwa cha zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi, monga kuwukira kwa Russia ku Ukraine mu 2022 komanso kukwera kwa mitengo m'maiko ena. Makampani ambiri akutenga njira zosinthira kasamalidwe kawo, monga kuswa maubwenzi ndi mavenda apano ndi malo opangira ndikusunthira kupanga pafupi ndi komwe makasitomala awo ali.

Zosokoneza

Kutengera ndi kafukufuku wamafakitale wa EY, kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa ma suppliers kukuchitika kale. Pafupifupi 53 peresenti ya omwe anafunsidwa adanena kuti atsala pang'ono kutseka kapena kubwezeretsanso ntchito zina kuyambira 2020, ndipo 44 peresenti akukonzekera kutero pofika 2024. Pamene 57 peresenti yakhazikitsa ntchito zatsopano kudziko lina kuyambira 2020, ndipo 53 peresenti ikukonzekera kuchita. kotero pofika 2024.

Chigawo chilichonse chikugwiritsa ntchito njira zake zochepetsera mgwirizano. Makampani ku North America ayamba kusuntha zopanga ndi ogulitsa pafupi ndi nyumba kuti achepetse zovuta ndikuchotsa kuchedwa. Makamaka, boma la US lakhala likukulitsa chithandizo chake chapakhomo pakupanga ndi kupeza. Pakadali pano, opanga magalimoto padziko lonse lapansi ayamba kuyika ndalama m'mafakitale opangira mabatire apanyumba (EV); ndalama zamafakitale izi zayendetsedwa ndi msika womwe ukuwonetsa kuti zofuna zamtsogolo za EVs zikhala zazikulu komanso kuti maunyolo operekera zinthu safunikira kukhudzidwa pang'ono ndi zosokoneza zamalonda, makamaka zomwe zikukhudza China ndi Russia.

Makampani aku Europe akuwonjezeranso njira zawo zopangira ndipo asintha magawo ogulitsa. Komabe, kukula kwathunthu kwa njira iyi kumakhala kovuta kuyeza, poganizira za nkhondo yapakati pa Russia ndi Ukraine kuyambira 2022. Nkhani za ogulitsa ku Ukraine zomwe zili ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi zovuta zogwirira ntchito komanso kutsekedwa kwa ndege yaku Russia kusokoneza njira zonyamula katundu ku Asia-Europe zakakamiza makampani aku Europe kuti apitilize kusintha. njira zawo zoperekera katundu.

Zotsatira za Reshoring Supply Chain

Zowonjezereka za kukonzanso ma chain chain chain zingaphatikizepo: 

• Makampani omwe amagulitsa matekinoloje osindikizira a 3D kuti asinthe zinthu m'nyumba.
• Makampani amagalimoto omwe amasankha kutengera kuchokera kwa ogulitsa am'deralo ndikumanga mabatire pafupi ndi komwe msika wawo uli. Kuphatikiza apo, atha kusinthanso zinthu zina kuchokera ku China m'malo mwa North America, Europe, ndi madera ena aku Asia.
• Makampani opanga mankhwala akukulitsa kuchuluka kwawo kwazinthu zogulitsira ku US, India, ndi mayiko ena aku Asia.
• China ikumanga malo ake opangira zinthu zakomweko kuti ikhale yodzidalira, kuphatikiza kupikisana padziko lonse lapansi kuti ikhale yogulitsa kwambiri EV.
• Mayiko otukuka akuika ndalama zambiri pokhazikitsa malo awo opangira zida zamakompyuta kunyumba, zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'mafakitale onse, kuphatikiza asitikali.

Mafunso oti muyankhepo

• Ngati mumagwira ntchito mu gawo la chain chain, ndi njira zina ziti zochepetsera mgwirizano?
• Kodi kupatukana kungakhudze ubale wapadziko lonse lapansi? Ngati ndi choncho, bwanji?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti kutha kotereku kukhudza bwanji ndalama zamayiko omwe akutukuka kumene?