Umboni wa Zero-chidziwitso umapita malonda: Tsazikanani zaumwini, moni zachinsinsi

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  Quantumrun Foresight
• March 17, 2023

Umboni wa Zero-chidziwitso (ZKPs) wakhalapo kwa nthawi ndithu, koma tsopano akukhala otchuka komanso ochita malonda. Kukula uku kumachitika chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wa blockchain komanso kufunikira kwachinsinsi komanso chitetezo. Ndi ma ZKP, zidziwitso za anthu zitha kutsimikiziridwa popanda kupereka zambiri zaumwini.

Umboni wopanda chidziwitso pazamalonda

Mu cryptography (kafukufuku wa njira zoyankhulirana zotetezeka), ZKP ndi njira ya gulu limodzi (wotsutsa) kuti awonetsere gulu lina (wotsimikizira) kuti chinachake ndi chowona popanda kupereka zowonjezera. Ndikosavuta kutsimikizira kuti munthu ali ndi chidziwitso ngati awululira chidziwitsocho. Komabe, mbali yovuta kwambiri ndiyo kutsimikizira kukhala ndi chidziwitsocho popanda kunena kuti chidziwitsocho ndi chiyani. Chifukwa cholemetsa ndikungotsimikizira kukhala ndi chidziwitso, ma protocol a ZKP safuna chidziwitso china chilichonse. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya ZKP:

• Yoyamba ndi yolumikizana, pomwe wotsimikizirayo amatsimikiza za chinthu china pambuyo pa zochitika zingapo zochitidwa ndi wotsutsayo. Kutsatana kwa zochitika mu ma ZKP olumikizana kumalumikizidwa ndi nthanthi za kuthekera ndi masamu. 
• Mtundu wachiwiri ndi wosagwiritsa ntchito, pomwe wotsutsa angasonyeze kuti amadziwa chinachake popanda kuwulula chomwe chiri. Umboni ukhoza kutumizidwa kwa wotsimikizira popanda kuyankhulana kulikonse pakati pawo. Wotsimikizirayo angayang'ane kuti umboniwo unapangidwa molondola powona kuti kuyerekezera kwa kuyanjana kwawo kudachitika molondola. 
• Pomaliza, zk-SNARKs (Succinct Non-Interactive Arguments of Knowledge) ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito potsimikizira zochitika. A quadratic equation imaphatikiza zidziwitso zapagulu ndi zachinsinsi mu umboni. Wotsimikizira amatha kuwona ngati ntchitoyo ndi yoona pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsochi.

Zosokoneza

Pali njira zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito ZKPs m'mafakitale. Zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa kwambiri ndi zachuma, chisamaliro chaumoyo, malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, malonda a e-commerce, masewera ndi zosangalatsa, ndi zosonkhanitsa monga zizindikiro zopanda fungible (NFTs). Ubwino waukulu wa ZKP ndikuti ndiwowopsa komanso wokonda zachinsinsi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala yankho labwino pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira chitetezo chambiri komanso kusadziwika. Amakhalanso ovuta kuthyolako kapena kusokoneza kusiyana ndi njira zotsimikizira zachikhalidwe, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu. Kwa ena ogwira nawo ntchito, kupeza deta kwa boma ndilo vuto lalikulu chifukwa ZKPs zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubisa zambiri ku mabungwe a dziko. Komabe, ma ZKP angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuteteza deta kuchokera ku makampani a chipani chachitatu, malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, mabanki, ndi crypto-wallets.

Pakadali pano, kuthekera kwa ma ZKP kuloleza anthu awiri kugawana zidziwitso motetezeka kwinaku akusunga zachinsinsi kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yawo ikhale yabwino kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'mapulogalamu okhazikika (dApps). Kafukufuku wa 2022 wopangidwa ndi Mina Foundation (kampani yaukadaulo ya blockchain) adawonetsa kuti kumvetsetsa kwamakampani a crypto pa ZKPs kunali ponseponse, ndipo ambiri omwe adafunsidwa amakhulupirira kuti zikhala zofunika kwambiri mtsogolo. Kupeza uku ndikusintha kwakukulu kuyambira zaka zapitazo, pomwe ZKPs anali lingaliro longopeka chabe lofikiridwa ndi akatswiri a cryptographer okha. Mina Foundation yakhala yotanganidwa kuwonetsa zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito ZKPs mu Web3 ndi Metaverse. M'mwezi wa Marichi 2022, Mina adalandira ndalama zokwana $92 miliyoni zopezera talente yatsopano yopangira zida za Web3 kukhala zotetezeka komanso zademokalase pogwiritsa ntchito ma ZKP.

Zotsatira zambiri zaumboni wopanda chidziwitso 

Zomwe zingachitike kuti ma ZKP azipita ku malonda angaphatikizepo: 

• Decentralized finance sector (DeFi) pogwiritsa ntchito ZKP kulimbikitsa zochitika zachuma mu crypto-exchanges, wallets, ndi APIs (application programming interfaces).
• Makampani m'mafakitale akuphatikiza ZKP pang'onopang'ono ku machitidwe awo a cybersecurity powonjezera gawo lachitetezo cha pa intaneti la ZKP m'masamba awo olowera, ma network ogawa, ndi njira zopezera mafayilo.
• Mapulogalamu a foni yam'manja amachepa pang'onopang'ono kapena amaletsedwa kusonkhanitsa deta yanu (zaka, malo, maimelo, ndi zina zotero) kuti mulembetse / kulowa.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo potsimikizira anthu kuti azitha kulandira chithandizo chaboma (mwachitsanzo, chithandizo chamankhwala, penshoni, ndi zina zotero) ndi zochita za boma (mwachitsanzo, kalembera, kafukufuku wa ovota).
• Makampani opanga matekinoloje odziwika bwino pa cryptography ndi ma tokeni omwe akukumana ndi kufunikira kowonjezereka komanso mwayi wamabizinesi pazothetsera ZKP.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mungakonde kugwiritsa ntchito ZKP m'malo mopereka zambiri zanu?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti protocol iyi isintha bwanji momwe timapangira malonda pa intaneti?