Likoloi tse ikemetseng ka tlas'a metsi: botebo bo patiloeng le bokhoni ba theknoloji ena

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• June 9, 2023

Likoloi tse ikemetseng ka tlas'a metsi (AUVs) esale li ntse li tsoela pele ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1980, ka li-prototypes tsa pele tse sebelisetsoang lipatlisiso tsa mahlale le lits'ebetso tsa sesole. Leha ho le joalo, ka tsoelo-pele ea bohlale ba maiketsetso (AI), li-AUV joale li ka hlomelloa ka bokhoni bo fapaneng, joalo ka ho eketseha ha boikemelo le ho ikamahanya le maemo, ho li etsa lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea maoatle le tlhahlobo ea ka tlas'a metsi. Likoloi tsena tse tsoetseng pele li ka tsamaea libakeng tse rarahaneng tsa metsing, 'me tsa bokella le ho fetisa lintlha ka ho kenella ha batho ho fokolang.

Boemo ba likoloi tse ka tlas'a metsi tse ikemetseng

Li-AUV, tse tsejoang hape e le likoloi tsa metsing tse se nang motho (UUVs), li fetoha lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa haholo lits'ebetsong tse ngata. Likoloi tsena li ka sebetsa maemong a thata le a kotsi, joalo ka botebo bo ka tlas'a metsi kapa maemong a kotsi. Li-AUV li ka boela tsa sebelisoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea nako e telele kapa linako tsa karabelo e potlakileng, joalo ka mesebetsi ea ho batla le ho pholosa kapa ho beha leihlo tikoloho.

E 'ngoe ea melemo e ka sehloohong ea likoloi tsena ke bokhoni ba tsona ba ho bokella le ho fetisa lintlha ka nako ea sebele, e leng ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa lipatlisiso tsa saense le lipalangoang tsa likepe. Ho feta moo, li-AUV li ka ba le lisensara tse fapa-fapaneng, tse kang sonar, lik’hamera le lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng metsing, tse ka bokellang boitsebiso bo mabapi le mocheso oa metsi, letsoai, maqhubu le lintho tse phelang metsing. Tlhahisoleseding ena e ka sebediswa ho utlwisisa hantle tikoloho ya mawatleng le ho etsa diqeto tse nang le tsebo e ngata mabapi le paballo le tsamaiso.

Li-AUV li boetse li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea oli le khase bakeng sa tlhahlobo le tlhokomelo ea lipeipi. Likoloi tsena li fokotsa kotsi ea likotsi ha li ntse li ntlafatsa ts'ebetso. Li ka boela tsa sebelisoa bakeng sa likopo tsa sesole, joalo ka lipaterole tsa ts'ireletso ea ka tlas'a metsi le mehato ea ho thibela morafo. Mohlala, China e ntse e matlafatsa merero ea eona ea AUV le UUV ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1980 bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea maoatle le ho beha leihlo.

Tšusumetso e senyang

Ntlafatso ea li-AUV e susumetsoa haholo-holo ke tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ho tsoa lifemeng tsa oli le khase, hammoho le makala a mmuso. Ka lebaka leo, libapali tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa indastering li ntse li tsoela pele ho hlahisa mehlala e tsoetseng pele e ka etsang mesebetsi e rarahaneng ka katleho e kholo le ho nepahala. Ka Hlakola 2021, Kongsberg Maritime e thehiloeng Norway e ile ea lokolla li-AUV tsa moloko o latelang, tse ka etsang mesebetsi ea matsatsi a 15. Likoloi tsena li na le theknoloji e tsoetseng pele ea sensor ho bokella lintlha ka maqhubu a leoatle, mocheso le maemo a letsoai.

Sesole ke lekala le leng la bohlokoa le tsamaisang nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea AUV. Ka Pherekhong 2020, Lefapha la Ts'ireletso la Amerika le ile la abela Lockheed Martin, k'hamphani e etelletseng pele ea theknoloji ea sesole konteraka ea lilemo tse peli ea $ 12.3 milione, ho nts'etsapele koloi e kholoanyane ea ka tlas'a metsi (UUV). Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, China e ntse e etsa lipatlisiso ka mafolo-folo theknoloji ea AUV molemong oa sesole, haholo-holo bakeng sa ho bona boteng ba likepe tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi le lintho tse ling tsa metsing ho pholletsa le sebaka sa Indo-Pacific. Li- glider tse ka tlas'a leoatle tse khonang ho qoela ho ea pele li ntse li hahuoa molemong ona, 'me mefuta e meng e boetse e sebelisoa ha ho rala liqhomane ho hlasela likepe tsa lira.

Leha theknoloji ea AUV e na le melemo e mengata e ka bang teng, ho hlahisoa ha AI ho hlahisitse matšoenyeho mabapi le litlamorao tsa boitšoaro tsa ho sebelisa theknoloji e joalo ntoeng. Tšebeliso ea libetsa tse ikemetseng, tse atisang ho bitsoa "liroboto tse bolaeang," ho ntša batho kotsi le mekhoa ea motheo e hanyetsoa ke boholo ba litho tsa Machaba a Kopaneng (UN). Leha ho le jwalo, dinaha tse kang US le China di tswela pele ho tsetela haholo ho thekenoloji ya AUV ho tlatselletsa bokgoni ba tsona ba dikepe. 

Likopo tsa likoloi tse ikemetseng ka tlas'a metsi

Likopo tse ling tsa li-AUV li ka kenyelletsa:

• Li-AUV tse kholoanyane tse nang le ts'ebetso ea komporo le lisensara tse tsoetseng pele tse ntseng li ntlafatsoa hore qetellong li nkele likepe tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi.
• Likhamphani tsa matla tse itšetlehileng ka li-AUV ho sibolla oli le khase ka tlas'a metsi, hammoho le ho hlahloba le ho beha leihlo matla a maqhubu.
• Likhamphani tsa meaho tse sebelisang li-AUV bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea lits'ebeletso tsa bohlokoa tse ka tlas'a metsi, joalo ka liphaephe, lithapo, le li-turbine tsa moea tse kantle ho leoatle. 
• Li-AUV li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho epolloa ha lintho tsa khale ka tlas'a metsi, ho lumella bafuputsi ho hlahloba le ho ngola libaka tsa khale tsa lintho tsa khale ka tlas'a metsi ntle le tlhokahalo ea batho ba qoelang metsing. 
• Li-AUV li sebelisoa taolong ea botšoasi ba litlhapi, kaha li ka thusa ho sala morao palo ea litlhapi le ho beha leihlo tšebetso ea ho tšoasa litlhapi. 
• Lisebelisoa tsena li sebelisetsoa ho beha leihlo liphello tsa phetoho ea boemo ba leholimo tikolohong ea leoatle, tse kang ho fetoha ha mocheso le ho phahama ha metsi a leoatle. Sesebelisoa sena se ka thusa ho tsebahatsa leano la boemo ba leholimo le ho thusa ho bolela esale pele le ho fokotsa litlamorao tsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo.
• Li-AUV li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho rafa ka tlas'a metsi, kaha li khona ho tsamaea sebakeng se thata le ho bokella lintlha tsa li-deposit tsa liminerale. 

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• U nahana hore li-AUV li tla sebelisoa joang hape nakong e tlang?
• Li-AUV li ka ama maeto a maoatle le boithuto joang?