Litselana tse bohlale: Lumela ho automation, sala hantle mabone a sephethe-phethe

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• E se eka 4, 2023

Ha likoloi tse ngata li ntse li hokahana ka Marang-rang a Lintho (IoT), ho na le monyetla o moholo oa ho laola phallo ea sephethephethe ka mokhoa o nepahetseng haholoanyane ka ho lumella likoloi ho buisana le litsamaiso tsa taolo ea sephethephethe. Ntlafatso ena e ka lebisa phokotsong ea tšubuhlellano ea sephethephethe le likotsi le bokhoni ba ho ntlafatsa litsela ka nako ea nnete. Ho feta moo, khokahanyo ena e ntseng e eketseha e ka boela ea etsa hore mabone a setso a se ke a sebetsa.

Moelelo o bohlale oa mateano a litsela

Likarolo tse bohlale li etsoa hore li khonehe ke lipalo tse ntseng li phahama tsa likoloi tse ikemetseng le IoT. Sena se kenyeletsa puisano ea koloi ho ea koloing (V2V) le koloi-to-infrastructure (V2X). Ka ho sebelisa lintlha tsa nako ea sebele, mateano a litsela a bohlale a ka laola phallo ea likoloi, libaesekele le batho ba tsamaeang ka maoto ntle ho mathata ka ho abela likoloi hore li fete ka lihlopha ho e-na le ho itšetleha ka mabone a litsela. Hona joale, ho hlokahala mabone a litsela hobane bakhanni ba batho ha ba tsebe esale pele kapa ba nepile joaloka likoloi tse ikemetseng. 

Leha ho le joalo, Senseable City Lab ea Senseable City Lab ea Massachusetts Institute (MIT) (e leng papiso ea toropo e bohlale ea kamoso), mateano a litsela a bohlale a tla tšoana le tsela eo sefofane se lulang se sebetsoa ka eona. Ho e-na le motheo oa pele-pele, tsamaiso ea sephethephethe e thehiloeng ho slot e hlophisa likoloi ka lihlopha ebe e li abela sebaka se fumanehang hang ha se buleha, ho e-na le ho ema ka bongata hore lebone la sephethephethe le fetohe le letala. Mokhoa ona o tla khutsufatsa nako ea ho leta ho tloha ho tieho e tloaelehileng ea metsotsoana e 5 (bakeng sa litsela tse peli tsa tsela e le 'ngoe) ho isa tlase ho motsotsoana.

Ha meaho ea marang-rang a marang-rang a marang-rang a phahameng a ntse a hola ka 2020, feme ea lipatlisiso Gartner e hakantse hore likoloi tse limilione tse 250 li khonne ho hokela ho eona. Khokahano ena e ntseng e eketseha e tla eketsa phihlello ea litaba tsa mehala le ho ntlafatsa lits'ebeletso ho tsoa ho li-smartphones le matlapa. Likoloi li tla tseba ho tseba ka likotsi le maemo a sephethe-phethe, ho khetha litsela tsa ho qoba tšubuhlellano ea sephethephethe, ho sebetsa ka mabone ho ntlafatsa phallo ea sephethephethe, le ho tsamaea ka lihlopha ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla.

Tšusumetso e senyang

Le hoja litsela tse bohlale li ntse li le mohatong oa lipatlisiso 'me li tla sebetsa feela haeba likoloi tsohle li ka ikemela, mehato e meng e se e ntse e etsoa ho etsa hore e khonehe. Ka mohlala, Univesithi ea Carnegie Mellon e ithuta theknoloji e bitsoang Virtual Traffic Lights. Theknoloji ena e hlahisa mabone a sephethephethe a dijithale fensetereng ea moea ho tsebisa bakhanni ba batho ka boemo ba sephethephethe ba nako ea nnete. Ka tsela ena, bakhanni ba batho ba ka boela ba ikamahanya le phallo ea sephethephethe le ho ntlafatsa polokeho. Ho phaella moo, litsela tse bohlale li ka nolofaletsa batho ho tsamaea, haholo-holo ba sa tsebeng ho khanna, ba kang batho ba hōlileng kapa ba holofetseng.

Ho phaella moo, mabone a litsela a tla boela a lokisoe ka nako ea sebele ho latela palo ea likoloi tse tseleng le boemo ba tšubuhlellano ho e-na le boemo bo reriloeng esale pele; popontshwa ena e ka eketsa haholo sekhahla sa phallo ea sephethephethe ka liphesente tse 60 le ho thusa ho fokotsa khabone hobane likoloi li tla khona ho fihla moo li eang teng ka potlako. Lipuisano tse bulehileng pakeng tsa likoloi li ka boela tsa lemosa likotsi tse ka bang teng. 

Molemo o mong oa mateano a litsela tse bohlale ke hore a etsa hore ho khonehe ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea mekhoa e teng, e kang litsela le mabone a litsela, ho e-na le ho haha ​​litsela tse ncha le mateano a litsela. Le hoja ho sa ntse ho e-na le mosebetsi o mongata o lokelang ho etsoa pele mabone a sephethephethe a ka tloheloa, bafuputsi ba MIT ba nahana hore mateano a litsela a bohlale a ka fetola ho tsamaea ha litoropo, ho fella ka tšebeliso e tlaase ea matla le mekhoa e metle ea lipalangoang.

Liphello bakeng sa mateano a litsela tse bohlale

Litlamorao tse pharaletseng bakeng sa mateano a litsela tse bohlale li ka kenyelletsa:

• Baetsi ba likoloi ba ikemiselitseng ho hlahisa likoloi tse ikemetseng tse ka fanang ka lintlha tse rarahaneng, joalo ka lebelo, sebaka, sebaka seo u eang ho sona, tšebeliso ea matla, joalo-joalo. Mokhoa ona o tla tebisa phetoho ea likoloi ho fetoha lik'homphieutha tse tsoetseng pele tse tsamaeang ka mabili, e leng se hlokang hore ho be le matsete a mangata ho software le semiconductor. botsebi har'a baetsi ba likoloi.
• Ho hahuoa meaho e bohlale ho tšehetsa theknoloji, joalo ka litsela le litsela tse kholo tse nang le lisensara le lik'hamera.
• Ka lintlha tse ling mabapi le phallo ea sephethephethe, maemo a litsela, le mekhoa ea maeto, ho ka ba le lipelaelo mabapi le hore na data ena e sebelisoa joang le hore na ke mang ea nang le phihlello ho eona, e leng se lebisang litabeng tsa boinotši le cybersecurity.
• Lifeme tsa likoloi tsa cybersecurity li theha mekhahlelo e meng ea ts'ireletso ho thibela hi-jack ea dijithale le ho lutla ha data.
• Ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba baahi ka ho fokotsa linako tsa ho tsamaea, lerata le tšilafalo ea moea.
• Phokotso ea mesi e tsoang likoloing ka lebaka la tšubuhlellano e fokotsehileng ea sephethephethe.
• Tahlehelo ea mesebetsi bakeng sa basebetsi ba taolo ea sephethephethe, empa mesebetsi e mecha ho thekenoloji le boenjiniere.
• Mebuso e khothaletsoa ho tsetela ho theknoloji e bohlale ea litselana nakong ea merero ea nchafatso ea meaho, hammoho le ho khothaletsa molao o mocha oa ho laola tšebeliso ea mahlale ana a macha a sephethephethe. 
• Phallo e ntlafetseng ea sephethephethe le ho fokotsa tšubuhlellano mateanong a litsela ho ka eketsa katleho ea khoebo le tlhahiso.

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• Litsela tse ling tse bohlale li ka rarolla mathata a sephethephethe ka litsela life tse ling?
• Litsela tse bohlale li ka fetola maeto a litoropo joang?