Moloko o latelang oa matla a moea: Ho fetola li-turbine tsa nako e tlang

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• July 18, 2022

Kakaretso ea kutloisiso

Ha lefatše le ntse le sekametse matla a matla a moea, ho ntse ho ntlafatsoa li-turbine tse ncha, tse kholoanyane le tse sebetsang hantle, tse fetolang sebopeho sa matla a ka nchafatsoang. Phetoho ena e tsamaisa kholo ea matsete, tlhahiso ea mesebetsi, le tsoelopele ea theknoloji, haholoholo polokelong ea matla le meralo ea meaho e tšoarellang. Kamohelo e atileng ea matla a moea e mothating oa ho susumetsa maano a lefats'e a matla, litloaelo tsa bareki le maano a tikoloho, e leng se bontšang phetoho ea bohlokoa tseleng eo re atamelang phepelo ea matla le tšebeliso ea eona.

Moloko o latelang oa matla a moea

Khatelo-pele e tsoelang pele ka har'a lekala la matla a moea e rata kaho ea li-turbine tse kholoanyane tsa moea, kaha li ka kotula motlakase o mongata ho feta tse tlang pele ho tsona tse nyane. Ka hona, merero ea tlholisano e ntse e phatlalatsoa khafetsa ke lifeme tse ikemiselitseng ho aha li-turbine tse ntseng li hola. Ka mohlala, GE's offshore Haliade-X wind turbine e tla ema bophahamong ba limithara tse 853 'me e fane ka matla a 45 lekholong ho feta a mang a moea a tsoang lebōpong la leoatle. Naheng ea Norway, mokhoa oa ho ts'oara moea o tsoang lebopong o ka fihla maotong a sekete empa o sebelisa li-turbine tse nyane tse ngata ka mokhoa o makatsang ho etsa hore ho kopane le ho lokisoe ho se be le lisebelisoa tse boima.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-turbine tse ncha tse se nang blade, joalo ka tse hlahisoang ke Vortex Bladeless, li batla ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, tlhokomelo le phello ea tikoloho ea li-turbine tsa matla a moea. Kite Power Systems ea United Kingdom le eona e batlile ho sebelisa lik'haete ho sebelisa matla a moea. Ntlafatso e 'ngoe e kenyelletsa li- vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), tse sebelisang lienjine tse sebetsang hantle ho feta tsa khale tse tšekaletseng tsa moea. Li-VAWT li boetse li kopane haholoanyane ho hlophisa le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tse ling ha li hlophisitsoe ka marang-rang. 
 
Korea Boroa, Odin Energy e phatlalalitse mohopolo oa tora ea moea e mekato e 12 e khutsitseng, e mokatong o mong le o mong o nang le VAWT, e nolofalletsang phepelo e matla haholo ea motlakase sebakeng se seng le se seng ho feta mochini o tloaelehileng oa moea. Litora tse ka holimo li ka fihlella lebelo le phahameng la moea 'me kahoo li fana ka makhetlo a mane ho feta karolelano ea tlhahiso ea motlakase ea turbine ea fatše. Ho feta moo, litora li ka kopanngoa le mehaho e teng. 

Tšusumetso e senyang  

Keketseho e lebelletsoeng ea tlhokahalo ea motlakase lefatšeng ka bophara, e hlohlelletsoang ke katoloso ea mahlale a itšetlehileng ka motlakase joalo ka likoloi tsa motlakase le likepe, e beha indasteri ea matla a moea e le seabo sa bohlokoa lekaleng la matla. Ha mahlale ana a ntse a ata, libaka tse nang le bokhoni ba ho kenya lisebelisoa tsa moea tse bolokang chelete li tla bona keketseho ea ho amoheloa ha matla a moea. Tloaelo ena e tsamaellana le ho hola ho hatellang lefats'e ka ho suthela hole le libeso tse entsoeng ka khabone, e leng ho matlafatsang bohlokoa ba indasteri ea matla a moea. Ka lebaka leo, phetoho ena e ka lebisa lits'ebetsong tsa mahlale a matla a moea, kaha tlhoko ea litharollo tse matla tsa matla e ntse e eketseha.

Thahasello ea batseteli indastering ea matla a moea e mothating oa ho hola ho latela bokamoso ba eona bo ts'episang. Keketseho ena ea lichelete ho tsoa ho bo-ramatsete le bo-rakhoebo ba khoebo e lebelletsoe ho tsamaisa tlhahiso ea mesebetsi le ho bula mekhoa e mecha ea khoebo ho pholletsa le ketane ea boleng ba matla a moea. Katoloso ea lekala lena ha e thuse feela ba amehang ka kotloloho ho matla a moea empa e boetse e hlohlelletsa kholo ea liindasteri tse amanang, joalo ka lifeme tsa theknoloji ea betri. Likhamphani tsena li ntse li le bohlokoa haholo tikolohong ea matla a tsosolositsoeng, ho latela karolo ea tsona ea ho boloka motlakase o fehloang ke moea o feteletseng bakeng sa linako tseo tlhahiso e leng tlase kapa tlhoko e phahameng.

Ho kopanngwa ha matla a moya motswakong o pharalletseng wa eneji ho ka bolela menyetla e mengata ya mesebetsi le phihlello ya mehlodi e hlwekileng ya eneji. Bakeng sa lik'hamphani, haholo-holo makaleng a eneji le thekenoloji, e emela sebaka se ka bang teng bakeng sa ho fapanyetsana le ho tsetela. Mebuso e kanna ea hloka ho nahana ka maano le likhothatso ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea meralo ea motheo ea matla a fehloang, ho rarolla mathata a tikoloho le tlhokahalo e ntseng e phahama ea motlakase. 

Litlamorao tsa li-turbine tsa moea tsa moloko o latelang

Litlamorao tse pharalletseng tsa phetoho e lebisang ho kenngoeng ha turbine ea moea ea moloko o latelang li ka kenyelletsa:

• Li-grid tsa motlakase tse sebakeng sa heno li hlaha ka lebaka la ho fetoha ha lits'ebetso tsa khale tsa matla, ho matlafatsa boiketlo ba sechaba le boikemelo ba matla.
• Mehaho e ntse e etsoa ka ho eketsehileng ho hlahisa matla a eona ka li-turbine tsa moea tse kopantsoeng, tse lebisang ho phahama ha mehaho e ikemetseng, e hlahisang matla.
• Melao ea kaho e ntse e tsoela pele ho khothaletsa kapa ho hloka ho kenyelletsoa ha mehloli ea matla a ka nchafatsoang joalo ka li-turbine tsa moea, ho khothaletsa indasteri ea kaho e tsitsitseng haholoanyane.
• Katoloso e atolositsoeng ea li-turbine tsa moea libakeng tse nang le lebelo la moea pele le neng le sa tšoanelehe, ho atolosa phihlello ea sebaka sa matla a moea.
• Ho fokotsehile ha setjhaba kgahlanong le ho kenngwa ha turbine ya moya ha dimotlolo tse ncha, tse sa thulaneng haholo di ntse di fumaneha, ho nolofatsa tsela bakeng sa diprojeke tsa matla a ntjhafatswang a setjhaba.
• Mebuso e khothaletsang nts'etsopele ea li-turbine tsa moea tse khutsitseng, tse sa bonahaleng haholo, tse lebisang kamohelong e kholo ea sechaba le ts'ebetsong ea leano le bonolo.
• Tsepamiso e matlafalitsoeng ea theknoloji ea polokelo ea betri ho tlatselletsa matla a moea a nakoana, e tsamaisang tsoelo-pele ea tharollo ea polokelo ea matla.
• Tlhahiso ea mesebetsi kahong le tlhokomelong ea meaho e mecha ea matla a fehloang ka moea, e tlatsetsang kholisong ea moruo le phapanong ea basebetsi.
• Khatello e kholo ea thuto le mananeo a koetliso ea matla a ka nchafatsoang, ho lokisa basebetsi bakeng sa bokamoso bo laoloang ke theknoloji e tsitsitseng ea matla.

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• Na u lumela hore matla a moea e tla fetoha mofuta o ka sehloohong oa matla a ka nchafatsoang? Kapa na u lumela hore e tla bona karolo e kholoanyane ea motsoako o moholo oa mehloli ea matla e ka nchafatsoang?
• Pakeng tsa litsamaiso tse nang le boholo bo boholo ba bophara ba rotor le litsamaiso tse se nang blade, ke mofuta ofe oa li-turbine tsa moea oo u lebelletseng ho laola bokamoso?