Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa ekugembuleni: Amakhasino angena ku-inthanethi ukuze anikeze abathengi ukuzizwisa komuntu siqu

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Kwangathi 6, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Imboni yokugembula ihlanganisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) nokufunda komshini (ML) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ulwazi lomsebenzisi ngokwenza kube ngokwakho kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthobela izimiso zomthetho. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalobu buchwepheshe kubumba kabusha amasu okukhangisa, ngezinkundla zisebenzisa idatha yomsebenzisi ukuze zakhe ubudlelwano bezentengiselwano obujulile, nokuqala izinyathelo zokunqanda ukuluthwa kokugembula ngokuhlaziywa kwesikhathi sangempela kokuziphatha kwabasebenzisi. Njengoba lo mkhakha uthuthuka, ubhekene nenselelo ekabili yokugqugquzela ukugembula okunesibopho ngenkathi uzulazula ezindabeni zobumfihlo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-AI okunezimiso.

I-AI kumongo wokugembula

Izinkampani ezingaphakathi kwemboni yokugembula ziya ngokuya zihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-AI/ML ezicini ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza kwazo. Lobu buchwepheshe buthola izinhlelo zokusebenza ekuphathweni kwesikhungo, ukuqapha kwamakhasimende, izinsiza zomuntu siqu, nezinkundla zokugembula ku-inthanethi. Inhloso ukuthuthukisa ulwazi olunzulu ngomsebenzisi ngokwenza amasevisi ahambisane nezintandokazi zomuntu ngamunye, ezingaheha amakhasimende amaningi futhi ziwagcine isikhathi eside. 

Emzamweni wokuqonda kangcono nokuhlangabezana nezithakazelo zabaxhasi, amakhasino nabaqhubi bokugembula basebenzisa amathuluzi afana nokucubungula ulimi lwemvelo (NLP) ukuze bathole imininingwane ngemisebenzi yabadlali abaku-inthanethi. Lobu buchwepheshe bungahlaziya impendulo namazwana avela kubasebenzisi ukuze busize opharetha balungise ukunikezwa kwabo. Elinye ithuluzi abanalo ukuhlaziya imizwa, okungashintsha indawo ye-inthanethi yomgembuli ngokusekelwe ekusebenzelaneni kwakhe nempendulo etholwa ngamashaneli athile. Uma abasebenzisi bengena endaweni yabo yokugembula ku-inthanethi abayikhethayo, ubuchwepheshe be-AI bungabanikeza ukukhetha kwemidlalo ehambisana nezinto abazithandayo, okuthuthukisa ukwenziwa kube ngokwakho isevisi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathuluzi e-AI adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yendawo yokugembula, njengokuqinisekisa ubudala babasebenzisi ukuze kuvinjelwe abantu abancane ukuba bafinyelele izinkundla zokugembula. Ama-bot nabasizi abaqhutshwa yi-AI nabo bayasatshalaliswa ukuze banikeze abaxhasi imiyalelo yokuthi idlalwa kanjani imidlalo ehlukahlukene, enikeza uhlobo lokuqeqeshwa khona lapho olungathuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi ngokunikeza isiqondiso nokusekelwa. Lezi zici zingase ziholele emalini engenayo eyengeziwe ngokuzibandakanya kwamakhasimende okuqhubekayo. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Njengoba izinkundla zokugembula ziqhubeka nokuhlanganisa amathuluzi e-AI, kunethuba lokuthi lezi nkundla ziqoqe ngokusemthethweni idatha yomsebenzisi, njengamamephu okushisa ekhesa nokuhlaziywa kwengxoxo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe amasu okukhangisa ahlosiwe. Lokhu kuqoqwa kwedatha kunganikeza imininingwane mayelana nezintandokazi zabasebenzisi, kuvule indlela yokuthi izinkampani zokugembula zenze ubudlelwano bezohwebo obujulile nemikhiqizo ethile nezinkampani ezihambisana nokuthandwa ngamakhasimende abo. Kubantu ngabanye, lokhu kungasho ukuthola amaphromoshini neminikelo ehambisana kakhulu nezintshisekelo zabo, okungenzeka kuthuthukise ulwazi lwabo lokugembula ku-inthanethi. Kodwa-ke, futhi iphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nobumfihlo kanye nezinga lapho idatha yomsebenzisi kufanele isetshenziselwe izinzuzo zezohwebo.

Ngokungeziwe ekuthuthukiseni amasu okukhangisa, amathuluzi e-AI angasetshenziswa ukuze akhuthaze ukugembula okunesibopho ngokuhlonza abasebenzisi okungenzeka bahlakulela umlutha wemikhiqizo yokugembula. Ngokuhlaziya imizwa nedatha yokusetshenziswa, izinkundla zingathola izimpawu zokuziphatha okuluthayo futhi zisebenzise izimiso eziyisisekelo zokukhawulela ukufinyelela kubasebenzisi abalahlekelwa inani elithile lemali phakathi nesikhathi esimisiwe. Laba basebenzisi bangase baziswe futhi banikezwe izinsiza zokufuna usizo, olufana nolwazi lokuxhumana lwezinhlangano ezingaziwa zokugembula. Kodwa-ke, ukwethulwa kobulungu obulinganiselwe, obufinyeleleka kuphela kubantu abanomnotho owanele, kungase kudale uhlelo olunezigaba oluvuna abacebile.

Uma ubheka indawo yomkhakha obanzi, ukwanda kokuhlanganiswa kwe-AI kungenzeka kube nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwabasebenzi ezinkundleni zokugembula ku-inthanethi. Isidingo sabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe abakwazi ukwakha nokugcina ubuchwepheshe be-AI kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke, okuholela ekushintsheni kusethi yamakhono adingekayo ukuze kuqashwe kulo mkhakha. Ohulumeni nezikhungo zemfundo kudingeka balulindele lolu shintsho, okungenzeka bakhuthaze ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo kubuchwepheshe be-AI ukuze kulungiselelwe abasebenzi besikhathi esizayo ukuze bashintshe isimo semboni yokugembula. 

Imithelela ye-AI ekugembuleni

Imithelela ebanzi ye-AI ekugembuleni ingafaka:

• Ukwakhiwa kwamathokheni obunikazi kanye nemali eyimfihlo yekhasino nezinkampani zokugembula, okukhuthaza uhlelo lwezomnotho oluvaliwe ngaphakathi kwamapulatifomu azo futhi kuguqule ukuguquguquka kwezezimali embonini yokugembula ngokunikeza ukuthengiselana okuphephile nokulula.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwemidlalo yokugembula eku-inthanethi ekhiqizwe ngokuzenzakalela eklanyelwe ubuhlakani, izintshisekelo, kanye namaphrofayili engcuphe abagembuli abangabodwana, okuthuthukisa ukwenziwa kube ngokwakho kodwa okungenzeka kuholele emazingeni anyukile okuba umlutha ngenxa yokuzizwisa amageyimu okuqondene nawe.
• Ukwanda kwemisebenzi yokugembula eqondiswe kubasebenzisi bamaselula basemaphandleni emazweni asathuthuka, okungenzeka wethule uhlobo olusha lwabantu ekugembuleni kodwa futhi kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nemfundo yokugembula enomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nezinhlelo zokusekela ezifundeni ezinokufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezikhungweni zokugembula ezinkulu.
• Inani elibalulekile lezinkampani zokugembula zenza imidlalo ye-inthanethi/yeselula noma zenze imifelandawonye nezinkampani ezithuthukisa amageyimu evidiyo, zandise ukufinyelela kwemboni yokugembula futhi ngokunokwenzeka zifiphaze imigqa phakathi kwamageyimu nokugembula.
• Ohulumeni bethula imithetho yokwengamela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-AI ekugembuleni, egxile ekusetshenzisweni kwezimiso zokuziphatha kanye nobumfihlo bedatha, okungase kukhuthaze indawo yokugembula ephephile futhi enesibopho.
• Ukuvela kwamasu okulondoloza imvelo aqhutshwa yi-AI embonini yokugembula, njengokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ezindaweni ezibukhoma.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi e-AI angabikezela izitayela zemakethe nokuziphatha kwabathengi ngokunemba okuphezulu, okungase kunikeze izinkampani ezinkulu ukufinyelela kulobo buchwepheshe inzuzo enkulu kanye nokwanda kokugxilwa kwemakethe.
• Amandla obuchwepheshe be-AI okusiza okuhlangenwe nakho kokugembula okugxilile futhi okusebenzisanayo ngokusebenzisa into engekho ngokoqobo (VR) kanye neqiniso elingathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona (AR), ukuthuthukisa ukusebenzelana kwabasebenzisi kodwa okungenzeka kuholele ekwenyukeni kwesikhathi sesikrini kanye nokukhathazeka kwezempilo okuhlobene.
• Ukwethulwa kwezinhlelo zemfundo ngohulumeni ukuhlomisa abantu ngabanye ngamakhono adingekayo ukuze bazulazule endaweni yokugembula ye-AI-augmented, kugqugquzelwe umphakathi okulungele kangcono ukusebenzelana nobuchwepheshe obuphambili.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ingabe ukufinyelela ekugembuleni okuku-inthanethi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-AI ukuze kunikezwe abadlali bamageyimu ukuzizwisa komuntu siqu kakhudlwana kufanele kukhawulelwe?
• Yiziphi izici okufanele zethulwe ukuze kwehliswe izinga lokuluthwa ukugembula?