I-Endemic COVID-19: Ingabe leli gciwane selikulungele ukuba umkhuhlane wesizini elandelayo?

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• November 3, 2021

Ukuvela okunganqamuki kwegciwane le-COVID-19 kwenze ukuthi kucatshangwe kabusha umhlaba wonke ngendlela yethu yokubhekana nalesi sifo. Lolu shintsho lubona ngekusasa lapho i-COVID-19 iba yisifo esiwumshoshaphansi, esifana nomkhuhlane wesizini, esithonya imikhakha eyahlukene kusukela kwezokunakekelwa kwempilo kuye kwezamabhizinisi nokuhamba. Ngakho-ke, imiphakathi ilungiselela izinguquko ezibalulekile, njengokuvuselela ingqalasizinda yezokunakekelwa kwempilo, ukuthuthukisa amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha, nokusungula izimiso eziqinile zokuhambela amazwe ngamazwe.

Umongo we-COVID-19 owubhubhane

Selokhu kwaqala ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19, umphakathi wesayensi nowezokwelapha usebenze ngokuzikhandla ukuthuthukisa kanye nokuphatha imithi yokugoma ngenhloso yokusungula ukuzivikela komhlambi ngokumelene naleli gciwane. Kodwa-ke, ezinye intuthuko ziye zafaka ubunzima kule mizamo ngenxa yokuvela kwezinhlobo zegciwane ezintsha neziqinile. Okuhlukile okufana ne-Alpha ne-Beta kubonise ukusuleleka okukhulayo, kodwa kwaba okuhlukile kwe-Delta, okuthelelanayo kakhulu kukho konke, okuqhube ngokuyinhloko amagagasi esithathu nesine okutheleleka emhlabeni jikelele. 

Izinselelo ezilethwe yi-COVID-19 azigcini eDelta; igciwane liyaqhubeka nokuguquguquka nokuguquguquka. Okuhlukile okusha okubizwa nge-Lambda kukhonjiwe futhi sekuzuze ukunakwa komhlaba wonke ngenxa yokungazweli kwayo emithini yokugoma. Abacwaningi abavela e-Japan baphakamise ukukhathazeka mayelana nekhono lalokhu okuhlukile lokubalekela ukungatheleleki okuhlinzekwa yimithi yokugoma yamanje, okwenza kube usongo olukhulu empilweni yomhlaba. 

Lokhu kuguquguquka okuyinkimbinkimbi kuholele ekuguqukeni ekuqondeni umhlaba wonke ngekusasa legciwane. Ososayensi abasezikhundleni eziphezulu, okuhlanganisa nabacwaningi abaphezulu be-World Health Organization (WHO), sebeqalile ukuvuma iqiniso elimangalisayo. Okulindelekile kwasekuqaleni kokuqeda igciwane ngokuphelele ngokuzuzwa kokugonywa komhlambi kancane kancane kuthathelwa indawo ukuqaphela okungokoqobo. Ochwepheshe manje bacabanga ukuthi leli gciwane lingase lingaqedwa ngokuphelele, kodwa kunalokho, lingase liqhubeke lizivumelanisa nezimo futhi ligcine lisabalele, liziphathe njengomkhuhlane wesizini obuya njalo ebusika. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Isu lesikhathi eside elakhiwa amazwe afana neSingapore lisho izinguquko eziphawulekayo ezimweni zengqondo zomphakathi kanye nezimiso zezempilo. Isibonelo, ukusuka ekugxileni ekuhlolweni kwenqwaba kanye nokulandela umkhondo wokuxhumana nabantu kuye ekuqapheni izifo ezinzima kudinga ingqalasizinda yokunakekelwa kwezempilo eqinile ukuze kulawuleke ukuqubuka okungase kube khona ngempumelelo. Le pivot ihlanganisa ukuqinisa amakhono okunakekela abagula kakhulu nokusebenzisa izinhlelo eziphelele zokugoma, ezingase zidinge ukufaka izithombe ezikhuthazayo zonyaka. 

Kumabhizinisi, le paradigm entsha iveza kokubili izinselelo namathuba. Ukusebenza kude sekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba ngenxa yalolu bhubhane, kodwa njengoba izimo ziba ngcono, izisebenzi eziningi zingakwazi ukuhamba zibuyele ezimisweni zamahhovisi, zibuyisele umuzwa wokujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, amabhizinisi azodinga ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ukuze aqinisekise ukuphepha kwabasebenzi bawo, okungenzeka ahlanganise nokuhlolwa kwezempilo okuvamile, imigomo, namamodeli asebenzayo ayingxube. 

Ukuhamba kwamanye amazwe, okuwumkhakha ohlaselwe kakhulu yilolu bhubhane, kungase futhi kubone imvuselelo kodwa ngendlela entsha. Izitifiketi zokugoma nokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuhamba kungase kube izidingo ezijwayelekile, ngokufana nama-visa noma amaphasipoti, kuthinte kokubili ukuvakasha nokuhamba kwebhizinisi. Ohulumeni bangase bacabangele ukuvumela ukuya emazweni anegciwane elilawulwayo, benze ubudlelwano bomhlaba wonke kanye nezinqumo zokuhamba zibe ngamasu. Imikhakha yezokuvakasha neyokuvakasha izodinga ukwakha uhlelo oluqinile noluphendulayo ukuze isingathe lezi zinguquko. Sekukonke, okulindelekile okomhlaba lapho i-COVID-19 iyingxenye yokuphila, hhayi ukuphazamiseka kwayo.

Imithelela yobhubhane lwe-COVID-19

Imithelela ebanzi yobhubhane lwe-COVID-19 ingase ihlanganise:

• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezikude, okuhlanganisa izinsiza zokuzihlolela wena kanye nokwelashwa okufinyeleleka kalula nemithi.
• Ukuthuthuka kwebhizinisi embonini yezokuvakasha neyokwamukela izihambi, inqobo nje uma amazwe amaningi ekwazi ukuphatha leli gciwane ngempumelelo.
• Izinkampani ezenza imithi kufanele zenze imithi yokugoma ebuyekeziwe minyaka yonke esebenza ngempumelelo ngokumelene nohlobo olusha lwe-COVID futhi ikhulise ukukhiqizwa kwayo.
• Ukwenziwa ngcono kwedijithali kuyo yonke imikhakha eyahlukene, ikakhulukazi kwezemfundo nokunakekelwa kwezempilo, okuholela kuguquko olubanzi endleleni izinsiza ezilethwa ngayo.
• Izinguquko ekuhlelweni kwamadolobha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha, ngokubaluleka okwandayo okubekwa ezindaweni ezivulekile kanye nezimo zokuhlala ezinabantu abaningi ukunciphisa ukusabalala kwegciwane.
• Amathuba okukhula kokutshalwa kwezimali emikhakheni ye-biotechnology kanye nemithi okuholela ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwezokwelapha.
• Ukwenyuka kwe-telework eshintsha imakethe yezindlu nezindlu, nokwehla kwesidingo sezindawo zentengiso kanye nokwenyuka kwesidingo sezindawo zokuhlala ezihlomele umsebenzi okude.
• Umthetho omusha wokuvikela amalungelo kanye nempilo yabasebenzi abakude, okuholela ekuguqulweni kwemithetho yezabasebenzi kanye nezinkambiso ezizungeze imikhuba yokusebenza usuka ekhaya.
• Ukugcizelela kakhulu ukwanelisa ukuzimela ngokudla nezimpahla ezibalulekile okuholela ekwandeni kokugxila ekukhiqizweni kwasekhaya kanye nokwehliswa kokuncika kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke, okungase kuthuthukise ukuvikeleka kwezwe kodwa futhi kube nomthelela ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe.
• Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwemfucuza yezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa izifihla-buso nemishini yokugoma, okuletha izinselele ezinkulu zemvelo futhi kudinga izindlela eziqhubekayo zokulawula udoti.

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Uhlela ukujwayela kanjani umhlaba ongakhona onegciwane le-COVID eliwumqedazwe?
• Ucabanga ukuthi ukuhamba kuzoshintsha kanjani isikhathi eside ngenxa yegciwane le-COVID eliwumqedazwe?