Ukuphelisa ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba: Ukwandiswa komuntu kungaqeda ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba kubantu

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Kwangathi 8, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ukunyuka kobuchwepheshe obusizayo, obufana namarobhothi kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa kokusiza abantu (AI), kuguqula izimpilo zabantu abakhubazekile, kuvumele ukuhamba okukhulu nokuzimela. Kusukela ezingalweni zamarobhothi kuya ezinsizakalweni zokusiza ukuhamba, lobu buchwepheshe abugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa izimpilo zabantu kodwa futhi buholela ezinguqukweni ezibanzi zomphakathi, okuhlanganisa inani labasebenzi elibandakanya wonke umuntu kanye nezindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezincishisiwe. Imiphumela yesikhathi eside ihlanganisa ukushintsha kwamamodeli ebhizinisi, imithetho kahulumeni, nezimo zengqondo zamasiko.

Ukuphela komongo wokukhubazeka ngokomzimba

Abantu abakhubazekile bangase bazuze entuthukweni yezobuchwepheshe kumarobhothi, i-AI esiza abantu, nezinhlelo zokwenziwa. Lezi zinhlelo nezinkundla zibizwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe obusizayo, obuhlose ukuphindaphinda umsebenzi wezingxenye ezithile zomzimba womuntu ukuze abantu abakhubazekile baphile ngokuhamba okukhulu nokuzimela. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalobu buchwepheshe kuvulele iminyango emisha kulabo ababhekana nezinselele zansuku zonke ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwabo ngokomzimba. 

Isibonelo, ingalo yerobhothi ewusizo ingasiza umuntu one-quadriplegic osebenzisa isihlalo sabakhubazekile. Ingalo yerobhothi ingaxhunywa kalula esihlalweni esinamasondo sikagesi futhi isize abantu abanjalo ukuthi badle, bayothenga, futhi bazule ezindaweni zomphakathi lapho kufanele khona. Lobu buchwepheshe abugcini nje kuphela ezingalweni zerobhothi; kukhona namarobhothi okusiza ukuhamba noma ibhulukwe eliyirobhothi, elisiza abakhubazekile ukuba baphinde babe namandla okusebenzisa imilenze yabo futhi bathuthukise ukuhamba kwabo. Lawa madivayisi afakwe izinzwa, izici zokuzilinganisa, kanye nemisipha yerobhothi ukuze akwazi ukunikeza abasebenzisi babo ukunyakaza kwemvelo okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Umthelela wobuchwepheshe obusiza udlulela ngale kwezinzuzo zomuntu ngamunye. Ngokunika amandla ukuzimela okukhulu nokuhamba, lezi ntuthuko zingase ziholele ezinguqukweni ezibanzi zomphakathi, ezifana nokubamba iqhaza okwandisiwe kubasebenzi kanye nemisebenzi yomphakathi yalabo abakhubazekile. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalobu buchwepheshe kungase kudingeke ukuthi kucatshangelwe ngokucophelela, kucatshangelwa izici ezifana nezindleko, ukufinyeleleka, nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

NgokweBhange Lomhlaba, cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyinkulungwane emhlabeni wonke bahlushwa uhlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka. Ukwandiswa kwabantu ngobuchwepheshe kungaholela ekutheni kube nabasebenzi ababandakanya wonke umuntu ngoba kungase kuvumele abantu abakhubazekile—abaneziqu ezifanele—ukuba bamukele imisebenzi ababevinjelwe kuyo ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwabo ngokomzimba. Nokho, izinto ezintsha ezinjalo zingase zidume nakubantu abanamandla emphakathini.

Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luphakamise ukuthi njengoba lezi zinhlobo zobuchwepheshe zithuthuka, ngaphezu kobunye ubuchwepheshe obuqhutshwa yi-AI, izingxenye zabantu jikelele zingase zincike kakhulu kuzo. Ukwenyuka kobuhlakani bomuntu, ukuzenzela, namandla omzimba kungaholela kubasebenzi abakhiqizayo kanye nomnotho, ngamarobhothi phakathi nekhulu lama-20 namanje lama-21 avula indlela yokwanda kokuzenzakalela komphakathi wesintu. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ama-exoskeleton enziwe ngamarobhothi angenza abantu baqine futhi basheshe. Ngokufanayo, ama-chips obuchopho angasiza ekuthuthukisweni kwenkumbulo ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe edidiyelwe ye-AI. 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kokwandisa komuntu kungase kuholele ekudaleni amanani amakhulu edatha yokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Isibonelo, izisetshenziswa ezifakwe ebuchosheni bomuntu zingaqoqa idatha yezemvelo engase ngolunye usuku isetshenziselwe ukushintsha noma ukuthuthukisa izici zomzimba nezengqondo zomuntu. Ohulumeni nabalawuli kungase kudingeke bakhe imithethonqubo futhi baphasise imithetho ebeka ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zamadivayisi zingathuthukisa kangakanani isayensi yokwakheka komzimba womuntu, umnikazi wedatha ekhiqizwa kulawa madivayisi, futhi asuse ukusetshenziswa kwawo ezindaweni ezithile, njengasemidlalweni yokuncintisana. Sekukonke, izinto ezintsha ezingaseka abantu abakhubazekile zingase zibe nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-transhumanism.

Imithelela yokuqeda ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba 

Imithelela ebanzi yokuqeda ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba ingase ihlanganise:

• Abasebenzi ababandakanya wonke umuntu lapho abantu abakhubazekile bezobhekana nemikhawulo embalwa naphezu kokukhubazeka kwabo ngokwengqondo noma ngokomzimba, okuholela emakethe yezabasebenzi ehlukahlukene futhi enothile.
• Ukwehliswa kwezindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kuzwelonke njengoba abantu abakhubazekile bengathola ukuzimela okukhulu, bengasadingi ukusekelwa okungu-24/7 kubanakekeli, okuholela ekongeni okubalulekile kwabo bobabili abantu kanye nohulumeni.
• Ukuvuthwa okukhulu kobuchwepheshe ukuze kwandiswe isimo somuntu, ngokwako okuholela ekwamukelweni okukhulayo komphakathi wokwenziwa, okukhuthaza ukuqonda okusha kwamasiko kokuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba umuntu.
• Imidlalo emisha idalelwa ngokukhethekile abantu abane-augmented, okuholela kuhlu olubanzi lwamathuba okusubatha kanye nokuvela kwezinkundla ezintsha zokuncintisana.
• Ukwanda kwesidingo sochwepheshe abanamakhono nonjiniyela abasebenza ngobuchwepheshe obusizayo, okuholela ezinhlelweni ezintsha zemfundo namathuba emisebenzi embonini yezobuchwepheshe.
• Ukukhathazeka okungaba khona kwezemvelo okuhlobene nokukhiqizwa, ukulahlwa, nokugaywa kabusha kwezisetshenziswa ezisizayo, okuholela esidingweni semithethonqubo kanye nezinqubo ezizinzile ekukhiqizeni.
• Ukwakhiwa kwamamodeli ebhizinisi amasha agxile kuzixazululo zokusiza eziqondene nomuntu, okuholela emikhiqizweni eklanyelwe kakhulu kanye nezinsizakalo zabantu abakhubazekile.
• Ohulumeni nabakhi bezinqubomgomo bagxile emazingeni okufinyeleleka kanye nemithethonqubo, okuholela endleleni esezingeni eliphezulu kubuchwepheshe obusizayo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okufanele kwabo bonke.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obubonile (noma osasebenza kubo) obungase buzuzise abantu abaphila nokukhubazeka?
• Yini okholelwa ukuthi kufanele kube umkhawulo wokwandiswa komuntu ngobuchwepheshe?
• Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokukhulisa abantu obuphawulwe kulokhu okuthunyelwe bungase busetshenziswe ezilwaneni, njengezilwane ezifuywayo?