I-cyberattack ye-IoT: Ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kokuxhumana nobugebengu be-inthanethi

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I-cyberattack ye-IoT: Ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kokuxhumana nobugebengu be-inthanethi

I-cyberattack ye-IoT: Ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kokuxhumana nobugebengu be-inthanethi

Umbhalo wesihlokwana
Njengoba abantu abaningi beqala ukusebenzisa amadivaysi axhumene emakhaya abo nasemsebenzini, yiziphi izingozi ezihilelekile?
    • About the Author:
    • Igama lomlobi
      I-Quantumrun Foresight
    • January 13, 2022

    Isifinyezo sokuqonda

    I-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), inethiwekhi yamadivayisi ahlakaniphile axhumene, inobuchwepheshe obudidiyelwe ngaphandle komthungo ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, kodwa futhi iveza ubungozi obukhulu bokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi. Lezi zingozi zisukela ezigebengwini ze-inthanethi ezithola ukufinyelela olwazini oluyimfihlo kuya ekuphazamisekeni kwezinsizakalo ezibalulekile emadolobheni ahlakaniphile. Imboni isabela kulezi zinselelo ngokuphinda ihlole amaketango wenani wemikhiqizo ye-IoT, ithuthukise amazinga omhlaba, ikhulise ukutshalwa kwezimali ekubuyekezweni kwesoftware ejwayelekile, kanye nokunikezela ngezinsiza ezengeziwe kwezokuphepha kwe-IoT.

    Umongo we-cyberattack we-IoT

    I-IoT iyinethiwekhi exhumanisa amadivaysi amaningi, kokubili abathengi kanye nezimboni, okubenza bakwazi ukuqoqa nokudlulisa idatha ngaphandle kwentambo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungenelela komuntu. Le nethiwekhi ingafaka amadivayisi ahlukahlukene, amaningi awo adayiswa ngaphansi kwelebula elithi "smart." Lawa madivayisi, ngokuxhumeka kwawo, anekhono lokuxhumana namanye kanye nathi, okwenza ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kobuchwepheshe ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke.

    Nokho, lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nakho kuveza ingozi engaba khona. Lapho lawa madivayisi e-IoT eba izisulu zokugetshengwa, izigebengu ze-inthanethi zithola ukufinyelela ingcebo yolwazi oluyimfihlo, okuhlanganisa uhlu loxhumana nabo, amakheli e-imeyili, kanye namaphethini okusetshenziswa. Lapho sicabangela isilinganiso esibanzi samadolobha ahlakaniphile, lapho ingqalasizinda yomphakathi njengezokuthutha, amanzi, nezinhlelo zikagesi zixhumene, imiphumela engaba khona iba mibi nakakhulu. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi, ngaphezu kokweba ulwazi lomuntu siqu, zingaphazamisa lezi zinsizakalo ezibalulekile, zibangele isiphithiphithi nokuphazamiseka okusabalele.

    Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubeka phambili ukuphepha kwe-cybersecurity ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi ye-IoT. Izinyathelo ze-Cybersecurity azizona nje izengezo ozikhethela zona, kodwa ziyingxenye ebalulekile eqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuvikelekile kwalawa madivayisi. Ngokwenza kanjalo, singajabulela ukunethezeka okuhlinzekwa ngokuxhumanisa kuyilapho sinciphisa ubungozi obuhambisana nakho. 

    Umthelela ophazamisayo

    Ukuthuthukisa amaphrofayili azo we-cybersecurity, izinkampani ezibandakanyekayo ku-IoT zihlola kabusha wonke amaketanga azo amanani emikhiqizo ye-IoT. Isici sokuqala salolu chungechunge unqenqema noma indiza yendawo, exhuma ulwazi lwedijithali nezinto zangempela, njengezinzwa nama-chips. Isici sesibili okufanele sicatshangelwe inethiwekhi yokuxhumana, ukuxhumana okuyinhloko phakathi kwedijithali nokomzimba. Ingxenye yokugcina yochungechunge lwenani ifu, elithumela, elamukele, futhi lihlaziye yonke idatha edingekayo ukwenza i-IoT isebenze. 

    Ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi indawo ebuthaka kakhulu ochungechungeni lwenani amadivayisi ngokwawo ngenxa ye-firmware engabuyekezwa kaningi ngendlela okufanele ivuselelwe ngayo. Inkampani yokubonisana i-Deloitte ithi ukulawulwa kobungozi kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kufanele kuhambisane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amasistimu anokuphepha kwe-cybersecurity kwakamuva. Kodwa-ke, izici ezimbili eziyinhloko zenza izibuyekezo ze-IoT zibe nzima kakhulu—ukungavuthwa kwezimakethe nokuba yinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, imboni kufanele ifane—umgomo osuqala ukwakheka kusukela kwasungulwa umgomo ovamile Iphrothokholi yendaba yamukelwe yizinkampani eziningi ze-IoT ngo-2021. 

    Ngo-2020, i-US yakhipha uMthetho Wokuthuthukiswa Kwezinto Ze-inthanethi we-Cybersecurity ka-2020, obala zonke izindinganiso zokuphepha nemithetho idivayisi ye-IoT okufanele ibe nayo ngaphambi kokuba uhulumeni ayithenge. Imihlahlandlela yomthethosivivinywa iphinde yadalwa yinhlangano yezokuphepha iNational Institute of Standards and Technology, engaba yisithenjwa esibalulekile se-IoT nabathengisi be-cybersecurity.

    Imithelela ye-IoT cyberattack

    Imithelela ebanzi ehlobene nokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi kwe-IoT ingase ihlanganise:

    • Ukuthuthukiswa kancane kancane kwamazinga omkhakha wembulunga yonke azungeze i-IoT akhuthaza ukuphepha kwedivayisi nokusebenzisana. 
    • Kukhushulwe ukutshalwa kwezimali yizinkampani zobuchwepheshe eziholayo zibe yizibuyekezo ezijwayelekile zesoftware/i-firmware yamadivayisi we-IoT.
    • Ohulumeni nezinkampani ezizimele ziya ngokuya zinikezela abasebenzi nezinsiza ekuvikelekeni kwe-IoT ngaphakathi kokusebenza kwazo.
    • Ukwandisa ukwesaba komphakathi nokungathembani ubuchwepheshe kwehlisa ukwamukelwa nokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obusha.
    • Izindleko zomnotho zokubhekana nokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi okuholela emananini aphezulu kubathengi kanye nenzuzo ephansi yamabhizinisi.
    • Imithetho eqinile mayelana nokuvikeleka kwedatha nobumfihlo, engase ibambezele inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe kodwa futhi ivikele amalungelo ezakhamuzi.
    • Abantu abasuka emadolobheni ahlakaniphile anabantu abaningi baye ezindaweni zasemakhaya ezixhumene kancane ukuze bagweme ubungozi obuhambisana ne-IoT.
    • Ukwanda kwesidingo sezingcweti ze-cybersecurity, ukushintsha imakethe yezabasebenzi futhi okuholela esikhaleni samakhono kwezinye izindawo.
    • Amandla nezisetshenziswa ezidingekayo ukuze kuliwe nokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi kanye nokushintshanisa amadivayisi awonakalisiwe okuholela ekwandeni kokulahlwa kukagesi nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

    Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

    • Uma ungumnikazi wedivayisi ye-IoT, uqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi idatha yakho ivikelekile?
    • Yiziphi izindlela okungenzeka ukuthi amadivaysi e-IoT angavikelwa ngazo ekuhlaselweni kwe-cyber?

    Izinkomba zokuqonda

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