Ama-drones asemoyeni azimele: Ingabe ama-drones aba insizakalo elandelayo ebalulekile?

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Kwangathi 25, 2023

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Kusukela ekulethweni kwephakheji nokudla kuye ekurekhodweni ukubuka okumangalisayo kwasemoyeni kwendawo oya kuyo eholidini ehlobo, ama-drones asemoyeni avame ukuba yindawo evamile futhi ayamukelwa kunangaphambili. Njengoba imakethe yale mishini iqhubeka nokukhula, izinkampani zizama ukuthuthukisa amamodeli azimele ngokugcwele ngamacala okusebenzisa ahlukahlukene.

Ingqikithi yama-drones asemoyeni azimele

Ama-drones asemoyeni avame ukufakwa ngaphansi kwezimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu (UAVs). Phakathi kwezinzuzo zazo eziningi ukuthi lezi zisetshenziswa ziyakwazi ukuguquguquka emoyeni njengoba zikwazi ukundiza, ziqhube izindiza ezivundlile, futhi zisuke ziqonde phansi futhi zehlele phansi. I-Drones iye yanda kakhulu ezinkundleni zokuxhumana njengendlela entsha yokuqopha okuhlangenwe nakho, uhambo, nemicimbi yomuntu siqu. Ngokusho kweGrand View Research, imakethe yama-drone yabathengi kulindeleke ukuthi ibe nezinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka lamaphesenti ayi-13.8 ukusuka ku-2022 kuya ku-2030. Izinkampani eziningi ziphinde zitshale imali ekuthuthukiseni ama-drones aqondene nomsebenzi wokusebenza kwawo ngokulandelana kwawo. Isibonelo i-Amazon, ebilokhu izama ngale mishini ukuletha amaphasela ngokushesha nangempumelelo ngokugwema ukugcwala komhlabathi.

Nakuba ama-drones amaningi asadinga umshayeli wendiza ongumuntu ukuze azulazule, kwenziwa izifundo ezimbalwa ukuze azenze zikwazi ukuzimela ngokugcwele, okuholela emacaleni okusebenzisa athakazelisa (futhi okungenzeka angabi nezimiso zokuziphatha). Icala elilodwa elinjalo lokusebenzisa impikiswano lisezempi, ikakhulukazi ekuthumeleni ama-drones ukuze aqalise ukuhlasela kwezindiza. Esinye isicelo okukhulunywa ngaso kakhulu esokuphoqelela umthetho, ikakhulukazi ekugadweni komphakathi. Izazi zezimiso zokuziphatha zigcizelela ukuthi ohulumeni kufanele baphumele obala mayelana nendlela abasebenzisa ngayo le mishini ukuze bavikeleke ezweni, ikakhulukazi uma lokhu kuhlanganisa nokuthatha izithombe noma amavidiyo abantu ngabanye. Noma kunjalo, imakethe yama-drones asemoyeni azimele kulindeleke ukuthi ibe yigugu nakakhulu njengoba izinkampani ziwasebenzisela ukufeza izinsiza ezibalulekile, njengokulethwa kwamamayela okugcina nokugcinwa kwengqalasizinda yamanzi namandla. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ukusebenza kwe-Follow-Me Autonomously kuma-drones kuthole ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhuphukile njengoba kungaba nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenzisa, njengokuthwebula izithombe, ividiyo, nokuphepha. Ama-drones omthengi anikwe amandla isithombe nevidiyo ane-"ngilandele" nezici zokugwema ukuphahlazeka anika amandla indiza engazimele, igcine isihloko kuhlaka ngaphandle komshayeli wendiza oqokiwe. Ubuchwepheshe obubili obubalulekile benza lokhu kwenzeke: ukuqashelwa kombono kanye ne-GPS. Ukuqashelwa kombono kunikeza ukutholwa kwezithiyo namandla okugwema. Inkampani yobuchwepheshe obungenantambo i-Qualcomm isebenza ekungezeni amakhamera e-4K nawe-8K kuma-drones ayo ukuze igweme izithiyo kalula. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-GPS yenza ama-drones akwazi ukujaha isignali yokudlulisela exhunywe nesilawuli kude. Umkhiqizi wezimoto i-Jeep ihlose ukungeza isilungiselelo sokungilandela ohlelweni lwayo, okuvumela indiza engenazindiza ukuthi ilandele imoto ukuze ithathe izithombe zomshayeli noma inikeze ukukhanya okwengeziwe emizileni emnyama, engekho emgwaqweni.

Ngaphandle kwezinjongo zezohwebo, ama-drones nawo ayathuthukiswa ukuze enze umsebenzi wokusesha nokuhlenga. Ithimba labacwaningi abavela e-Chalmers University of Technology eSweden basebenza ngohlelo lwe-drone oluzokwazi ukuzimela ngokugcwele. Lesi sici singakhuphula ukusebenza kahle futhi sinikeze amandla isikhathi sokuphendula esisheshayo semisebenzi yokuhlenga olwandle. Uhlelo luhlanganisa amanzi kanye nemishini esekwe emoyeni esebenzisa inethiwekhi yokuxhumana ukusesha indawo, ukwazisa iziphathimandla, nokuhlinzeka ngosizo oluyisisekelo ngaphambi kokuba kufike abatakuli babantu. Isistimu ye-drone ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele izoba nezingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko. Idivayisi yokuqala iyindiza yasolwandle ebizwa ngokuthi i-Seacat, esebenza njengenkundla yezinye izindiza ezingenayo. Ingxenye yesibili umhlambi wama-drones anamaphiko ahlola indawo. Ekugcineni, kuzoba ne-quadcopter engaletha ukudla, izinsiza zosizo lokuqala, noma izinto zokuntanta.

Imithelela yama-autonomous drones

Imithelela ebanzi yama-drones azimele ingafaka: 

• Ukuthuthuka kombono wekhompyutha okuholela kuma-drones agwema ngokuzenzakalelayo ukungqubuzana kanye nokuzulazula ezindaweni ezithimbile ngendlela enembile, okuholela ekwenyukeni kokuphepha nezinhlelo zokusebenza zebhizinisi. Lezi zindlela ezintsha zingasetshenziswa futhi kuma-drones asekelwe emhlabeni njengezimoto ezizimele kanye namarobhothi ama-quadrupeds.
• Ama-drones azimele asetshenziselwa ukuhlola nokuqapha izindawo okunzima ukuzifinyelela neziyingozi, njengamahlathi akude nezingwadule, ulwandle olujulile, izindawo zempi, njll.
• Ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kwama-drones azimele ezimbonini zokuzijabulisa nokudala okuqukethwe ukuze kunikeze ulwazi olujulile.
• Imakethe yama-drones abathengi iyakhula njengoba abantu abaningi basebenzisa lawa madivaysi ukurekhoda uhambo lwabo kanye nemicimbi eyingqopha-mlando.
• Ama-ejensi amasosha kanye nokulawula imingcele atshala imali eningi kumamodeli azimele ngokuphelele angasetshenziselwa ukugada kanye nokuhlasela kwezindiza, okuvula izimpikiswano ezengeziwe ngokukhuphuka kwemishini yokubulala.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Uma une-drone yasemoyeni ezimele noma i-semi-autonomous, uyisebenzisa ngaziphi izindlela?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinzuzo ezingaba khona zama-autonomous drones?