Ukuqashelwa okokufaka okuningi: Ukuhlanganisa ulwazi oluhlukile lwebhayomethrikhi

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• February 24, 2023

Ukufuna izici ezihlukile zokuhlonza ngaphansi kwesikhumba kuyindlela ehlakaniphile yokuhlonza abantu. Izitayela zezinwele nemibala yamehlo ingashintshwa noma imbozwe kalula, kodwa kucishe kungenzeki ngomuntu ukuthi aguqule ukwakheka kwemithambo yakhe, isibonelo. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric kunikeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha ngoba sidinga abantu abaphilayo.

Umongo wokuqaphela okokufaka okuningi

Amasistimu e-biometric amaningi asetshenziswa kaningi kunalawo angashintshiwe ezinhlelweni ezingokoqobo ngenxa yokuthi akanabo ubungozi obufanayo, njengokuphazanyiswa umsindo wedatha noma ukukhwabanisa. Kodwa-ke, amasistimu we-unimodal, athembele kumthombo owodwa wolwazi ukuze akhonjwe (isb, iris, ubuso), adumile kuhulumeni kanye nezicelo zokuphepha kwezakhamuzi naphezu kokwaziwa njengokungathembeki nokungasebenzi kahle.

Indlela evikeleke kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuqinisekiswa kobuwena ukuhlanganisa lezi zinhlelo ze-unimodal ukunqoba imikhawulo yazo ngayinye. Ukwengeza, amasistimu e-multimodal angabhalisa abasebenzisi ngempumelelo futhi anikeze ukunemba okukhulu kanye nokumelana nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.

Ngokocwaningo lwango-2017 olwenziwa yiNyuvesi yaseBradford, ukuklama nokwenza uhlelo lwebhayomethrikhi ehlukahlukene kuvame ukuba yinselelo, futhi izinkinga eziningi ezingase zibe nomthelela omkhulu kumphumela zidinga ukucatshangelwa. Izibonelo zalezi zinselele izindleko, ukunemba, izinsiza ezitholakalayo zezimpawu zebhayomethrikhi, nesu lokuhlanganisa elisetshenziswayo. 

Inkinga ebaluleke kakhulu yezinhlelo ze-multimodal ukukhetha ukuthi iziphi izici ze-biometric ezizosebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokuthola indlela ephumelelayo yokuzihlanganisa. Kumasistimu e-biometric e-multimodal, uma isistimu isebenza kumodi yokuhlonza, khona-ke okukhiphayo kwesihlukanisi ngasinye kungase kubonakale njengezinga lamakhandidethi abhalisiwe, uhlu olumelela konke okufanayo okungaba khona okuhlungwe ngeleveli yokuzethemba.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ukuqashelwa okokufaka okuningi sekuthole ukuduma ngenxa yamathuluzi ahlukene atholakalayo okulinganisa enye i-biometrics. Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buthuthuka, kuzokwaziwa ukwenza ukuhlonza kuvikeleke kakhudlwana, njengoba imithambo namaphethini e-iris engakwazi ukugetshengwa noma ukwebiwa. Izinkampani eziningana nezikhungo zocwaningo sezivele zakha amathuluzi okufaka izinto eziningi ukuze asetshenziswe ezindaweni ezinkulu. 

Isibonelo uhlelo lwe-National Taiwan University of Science and Technology lokuqinisekisa izici ezimbili olubheka ukwakheka kwamathambo namaphethini emithanjeni yeminwe. I-biometrics ye-finger vein (i-vascular biometrics noma i-vein scanning) isebenzisa amaphethini emithambo ehlukile eminweni yomuntu ukuze iwahlonze. Le ndlela ingenzeka ngenxa yokuthi igazi line-hemoglobin, ebonisa imibala ehlukene lapho ibhekene nokukhanya okuseduze kwe-infrared noma okubonakalayo. Njengomphumela, umfundi webhayomethrikhi angakwazi ukuskena futhi afake kudijithali amaphethini wemithambo ahlukile womsebenzisi ngaphambi kokuwagcina kuseva evikelekile.

Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Imageware, ezinze e-San Francisco, isebenzisa i-biometrics eminingi ngezinjongo zokuqinisekisa. Abaphathi bangakhetha i-biometric eyodwa noma inhlanganisela ye-biometrics lapho besebenzisa isilinganiso sokuphepha senkundla. Izinhlobo ze-biometrics ezingasetshenziswa nale sevisi zifaka ukubonwa kwe-iris, ukuskena kobuso, ukuhlonza izwi, izikena zemithambo yesundu, nezigxivizo zeminwe.

Nge-biometrics ye-ImageWare Systems ye-multimodal, abasebenzisi bangaqinisekisa ubunikazi babo noma kuphi nangaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. Ukungena ngemvume okuhlanganyelwe kusho ukuthi abasebenzisi akudingeki bakhe izifakazelo ezintsha zebhizinisi ngalinye noma ingxenyekazi ngoba ubunikazi babo budalwa kanye futhi buhamba nabo. Ukwengeza, ubunikazi obubodwa obusebenzisana kakhulu nezinkundla ezahlukene buvumela ukuchayeka okuncane kuma-hacks wedatha.

Imithelela yokubonwa kokufakwayo okuningi

Imithelela ebanzi yokuqashelwa kokufakwayo okuningi ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinga labantu kumazinga okuphepha ku-inthanethi njengoba (isikhathi eside) izakhamizi eziningi zizosebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lokuqaphela okokufaka okuningi njengokungena esikhundleni samaphasiwedi endabuko kanye nokhiye abaphathekayo/bedijithali ukuze bavikele idatha yabo yomuntu siqu kumasevisi amaningi.
• Ukwakha ukuphepha kanye nedatha ebucayi yomphakathi neyimfihlo ehlangabezana nokuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka okukhulayo njengabasebenzi (besikhathi eside) abanokufinyelela ezindaweni ezibucayi nedatha bazogunyazwa ukusebenzisa amasistimu wokuqaphela okokufaka okuningi.
• Izinkampani ezisabalalisa amasistimu wokuqaphela okokufaka okuningi asebenzisa amanethiwekhi ajulile we-neural (DNNs) ukuze alinganise kahle futhi akhombe lolu lwazi oluhlukile lwe-biometric.
• Iziqalo ezigxile ekuthuthukiseni amasistimu wokuqashelwa we-multimodal anenhlanganisela ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izwi-, inhliziyo-, namaprinta obuso.
• Ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulisiwe ekuvikeleni lawa malayibhulali webhayomethrikhi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awagetshengwa noma awoniwe.
• Izehlakalo ezingaba khona zolwazi lwe-biometric lwezikhungo zikahulumeni ezigetshengwa ngokukhwabanisa nokuntshontshwa komazisi.
• Amaqembu omphakathi afuna izinkampani ukuthi ziphumele obala ngokuthi zingakanani imininingwane ye-biometric eziqoqayo, ukuthi ziyigcina kanjani, nokuthi ziyisebenzisa nini.

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Uma uke wazama isistimu yokuqaphela i-biometric multimodal, ilula futhi inembe kangakanani?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinzuzo ezingaba khona zezinhlelo zokuqaphela okokufaka okuningi?