Ama-Nanosatellites: Ikusasa lokuqapha komhlaba

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Kwangathi 4, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ukwanda kwama-nanosatellites, amathuluzi amancane kodwa anamandla asebenza emigudwini ephansi yoMhlaba, kwakheka kabusha imboni yasemkhathini ngokwenza ukuhlola komkhathi kanye nezinsizakalo zifinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi zithengeke. Lo mkhuba uvumele amazwe amancane nezinkampani ukuthi zitshale imali ezinhlelweni zasemkhathini, zilethe izinsiza ezintsha futhi zikhuthaze ukuxhumana kweplanethi, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka. Kodwa-ke, izinselele ezifana nokuminyana okuphansi kwe-orbit, ukushayisana okungenzeka, nesidingo semithetho emisha nezinqubo eziqhubekayo ziyavela, ezidinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela nokucatshangelwa kwekusasa.

Umongo we-Nanosatellites

I-nanosatellite isathelayithi enesisindo esiphakathi kwekhilogremu eyodwa neyi-10 futhi inamandla afana namasathelayithi avamile. Lawa masathelayithi amancane avame ukusetshenziselwa imisebenzi ethile efana nokubuka umhlaba, ezokuxhumana ngocingo, kanye ne-meteorology. Kodwa-ke, abavamile ukwenza imisebenzi ye-interstellar. Ngakho-ke, ama-nanosatellites ngokuvamile asebenza ezindaweni eziphansi zomhlaba ezindaweni eziphakeme ukusuka kumakhilomitha angama-400 kuye kwayi-1,000.

Ngokusho kwe-AZO Nano, amandla ama-nanosatellites okuthonya iplanethi awanqunyelwe ngobukhulu bawo, okungase kube amandla uma isetshenziswa kumlaza wesathelayithi (okungukuthi, amaqoqo amakhulu amasathelayithi asebenza ndawonye njengenethiwekhi). Ngokufana nomlaza we-PlanetScope, imilaza ye-nanosatellite inganikeza ulwazi lokuhlaziya idatha. Baphinde banikeze abanikazi namakhasimende abo izithombe ezinesinqumo esiphezulu nolwazi ukuze baphenye impahla yemvelo neyenziwe ngabantu ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, emizileni yamanzi aphakathi nezwe, nezilwandle.

Ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kwama-nanosatellites kube nomthelela embusweni wentando yeningi endaweni kanye nezimboni ze-aerospace. Uma isigciniwe samazwe athuthuke kakhulu ezimbonini noma amabhizinisi ezizwe ngezizwe, ama-nanosatellites angasatshalaliswa izinhlangano ezincane nezinkampani ukuze zisekele amabhizinisi azo futhi zinikeze umphakathi izinsiza ezintsha ngendlela yamasu. Lezi zinsizakalo zihlanganisa ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi noma yikuphi emhlabeni, ukuqapha isimo sezulu nokungcoliswa komhlaba, ukusesha nokuhlenga kanye nezinsizakalo zokugada, kanye ne-geo-intelligence yemboni yomshwalense ukuze yenze izinqubomgomo futhi ihlole izicelo zamakhasimende. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ngenxa yobuncane bawo, ama-nanosatellites anikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile, njengokuthola imali yephrojekthi elula, ubungozi obuncane bomshwalense, kanye nezindleko ezincishisiwe zokuqalisa nezokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, umehluko wezindleko phakathi kokwethula isathelayithi yendabuko ne-nanosatellite ungaba ngamakhulu ezigidi zamaRandi. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kwezezimali kuvumela ohambweni oluvame futhi oluhlukahlukene, okuvumela ohulumeni ukuthi bathuthukise ukusebenza nezisekelo zezindleko, futhi nokuvumela izinkampani ezizimele ukuthi zingene embonini yasemkhathini.

Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe kwama-nanosatellites akunazo izinselele. Inani elikhulayo lokwethulwa okuhleliwe yizinkampani ezahlukahlukene liholela esiminyaminya endaweni ephansi ye-orbit. Ukushayisana phakathi kwamasathelayithi kuba into ekhathazayo ngempela, kubeka engcupheni ohambweni lwabasebenzi futhi okuholela ekwandeni kwemfucumfucu yasemkhathini. Le mfucumfucu ingalimaza amanye amasathelayithi nezinhlelo ezizungeza uMhlaba, idale inkinga eyinkimbinkimbi edinga ukuphathwa. Ohulumeni nama-ejensi asemkhathini kungase kudingeke ukuthi bakhe imithetho emisha nobuchwepheshe ukuze balandelele futhi banciphise lezi zingozi.

Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zezezimali nokusebenza, ukusetshenziswa kwama-nanosatellites kunamandla okuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwethu amaphethini wezulu. Ngokunemba okukhulayo ekulandeleni isimo sezulu, zingasebenza njengesistimu yesixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi kuzo zombili izinkampani ezizimele kanye nomphakathi. Lokhu kungaholela ekuzilungiseleleni kangcono izinhlekelele zemvelo, ukuhlela okuphumelelayo kwezolimo, futhi kube nomthelela ekuphathweni kwamandla. Ukonga ezindlekweni ezincishisiwe zama-nanosatellites kungase kusetshenziswe ezinye izinjongo ezibalulekile, njengokuvikelwa kwemvelo noma imfundo.

Imiphumela ye-nanosatellites

Imithelela ebanzi yama-nanosatellites ingase ihlanganise:

• Ukuvumela amazwe amancane nezinkampani ukuthi zikwazi ukutshala izimali ezinhlelweni zasemkhathini, okuholela ekulethweni kwezinsiza ezintsha zomphakathi nezizimele njengokuxhumana okuthuthukisiwe, ukulawulwa kwezinhlekelele, kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi.
• Ukuqala kwenkathi entsha ekuxhumekeni kwe-planetwide, okuholela emathubeni abalulekile wezohwebo aqhutshwa yi-inthanethi emazweni asathuthuka, ngaleyo ndlela kuvalwe ukuhlukana kwedijithali futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula komnotho.
• Ukwehliswa kwezindleko zokuqapha nokubikezela isimo sezulu, okuholela olwazini olunembe kakhudlwana nolufika ngesikhathi olungazuzisa imikhakha ehlukahlukene njengezolimo, ezokuthutha, kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo.
• Ukwenziwa kwentando yeningi kokuhlolwa komkhathi nokucwaninga, okuholela ekwandeni kokubambisana nokwabelana ngolwazi phakathi kwezizwe, izikhungo zemfundo, nezinhlangano ezizimele.
• Izindikimba zasemkhathini zamazwe ngamazwe eziklama imithetho emisha eqondisa ukusebenza kwezimpahla ze-orbit emkhathini ophansi futhi egunyaza inani lamadivayisi inkampani eyodwa noma izwe elingawavula esikhathini esithile, okuholela emikhawulweni engase ibe khona kanye nesimiso sokuhlola indawo.
• Ukwanda kokuminyana okuphansi kwe-orbit kanye nemfucumfucu yesikhala, okuholela ekushayisaneni okungaba khona nezingozi ezingase zidinge ukutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile ekulandeleni nasekunciphiseni ubuchwepheshe.
• Ukusetshenziswa kabi okungaba khona kwama-nanosatellite ukuze kugadwe okungagunyaziwe noma ubunhloli, okuholela ekukhathazekeni kobumfihlo kanye nokungezwani kwamazwe ngamazwe.
• Ushintsho emakethe yezabasebenzi luye kumakhono akhethekile kubuchwepheshe be-nanosatellite nokulawula.
• Umthelela ongaba khona kwezemvelo wokwanda kokukhiqizwa nokwethulwa kwesathelayithi, okuholela esidingweni sezinto ezisimeme kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza nokulahlwa.
• Ukuvela kwamamodeli amabhizinisi amasha agxile emisebenzini yasemkhathini emincane, engabizi kakhulu, okuholela ekwandeni kokuncintisana futhi okungase kuphazamise abadlali bemboni yasemkhathini evamile.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Yiziphi izinyathelo ohulumeni okufanele bazithathe ukuze babhekane nenkinga ekhulayo yemfucumfucu yasemkhathini?
• Ama-nanosatellites angayishintsha kanjani imboni yezokuxhumana yomhlaba wonke?