Umoya wasogwini uthembisa amandla aluhlaza

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• February 28, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Amandla omoya ogwini lolwandle abumba kabusha indawo yethu yamandla ngazo zombili izinketho ezigxilile nezintantayo. Nakuba ama-turbine alungisiwe kulula ukwakha, lawo antantayo asebenzisa imimoya enamandla kodwa abhekana nezinselele ekudluliseni amandla. Njengoba le mboni ikhula, ihlinzeka ngamathuba emisebenzi ahlukahlukene, ikhuthaza amandla esimeme, futhi idinga ukubhekana nezinkinga zemvelo nezomphakathi.

Umongo wokusebenzisa kabusha amandla omoya

Amandla omoya ogwini lolwandle aya ngokuya esebenza njengomthombo wamandla onokwethenjelwa ngenxa yentuthuko yakamuva yezobuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yokusekelwa okuqhubekayo kukahulumeni kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okunempilo kwemboni ezimele, amandla omoya ogwini lolwandle asenamandla futhi asazoqhubeka nokukhiqiza amanani amakhulu kagesi ohlanzekile, ongathathi hlangothi, futhi ohambisana nemvelo.

Ukufakwa kwamandla omoya olwandle kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: okugxilile futhi okuntantayo. Izinjini zomoya ezingaguquki zingama-wind turbines ajwayelekile, aklanywe kabusha ukuze asebenze olwandle futhi agxiliswe olwandle. Izinjini zomoya ezintantayo zigxunyekwe ezisekelweni ezintantayo mahhala, okuvumela ukufakwa ekujuleni okungenza amaturbine angashintshi abenqabela.

Ama-turbine alungisiwe kulula ukwakha nokusekela. Kodwa-ke, imimoya esezindaweni zokujula okukhulu kwephansi lolwandle inamandla futhi ayiguquguquki, inika izinjini ezintantayo inzuzo mayelana nokukhiqiza amandla nokuhlinzeka. Okubi kumaturbine antantayo ukudluliswa kwamandla ngoba ibanga ukusuka ogwini libeka izinselelo ezinkulu kulelo cala.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Njengoba umhlaba ubhekene nenselelo yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, umoya wasogwini unikeza ithuba lokushintshela emthonjeni wamandla osimeme. Kubantu ngabanye, lolu shintsho lungasho ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile futhi okungenzeka kushibhe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba isidingo samandla ahlanzekile sikhula, abanikazi bezindlu namabhizinisi bangase bacabangele ukutshala imali kumaphrojekthi amancane omoya ogwini lolwandle, abanikeze umthombo oqondile wamandla avuselelekayo.

Njengoba lo mkhakha ukhula, kuzoba nesidingo semisebenzi eminingi ngaphandle kobunjiniyela. Le misebenzi ihlanganisa izindima ekunakekeleni, kwezokuthutha, nasekulawuleni amaphrojekthi. Ezinkampanini, ikakhulukazi lezo ezisemkhakheni wezamandla, kunethuba lokuhlukanisa izikhundla zazo. Ukushintsha ukusuka emithonjeni yamandla evamile ukuya emoyeni wasogwini kunganikeza umzila wemali ozinzile, ikakhulukazi njengoba isidingo somhlaba wonke samandla avuselelekayo sikhula. Ohulumeni nabo bangazuza, njengoba imboni echumayo yomoya ogwini lolwandle ingakhuphula umnotho, inyuse imali yentela, futhi yehlise ukuncika emafutheni avela kwamanye amazwe.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukubhekana nokukhathazeka kwezemvelo nezenhlalo ezihlobene namapulazi omoya aphesheya kwezilwandle. Ukuhlela okuphumelelayo nokuxhumana nomphakathi kunganciphisa izindaba ezinjengokungcola okubonakalayo kanye nokufinyelela ezindaweni zokudoba. Ngokutshala imali ocwaningweni, singakha amasu okunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwezilwane zasolwandle nezinyoni. Emiphakathini yasolwandle, ukwethulwa kwezinhlelo zemfundo kungagqamisa izinzuzo zomoya wasolwandle, kukhuthaze umuzwa wobunikazi nokuqonda.

Imithelela yomoya wasolwandle

Imithelela ebanzi yomoya wasolwandle ingase ihlanganise:

• Ukushintsha kokubalulekile kwezemfundo, okugcizelela izifundo zamandla avuselelekayo, okuholela esizukulwaneni esisha sochwepheshe abahlomele ukuphatha nokwandisa imboni yomoya ogwini lolwandle.
• Ukuvela kwamamodeli amabhizinisi amasha agxile ekukhiqizweni kwamandla endawo, ahlukaniselwe izindawo, okuvumela imiphakathi ukuthi ikwazi ukuzimela futhi inganciki kubahlinzeki bamandla amakhulu.
• Ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo eziyisipesheli zokuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi, ukulungiselela abasebenzi abavela ezimbonini ezinciphayo ukuze babambe iqhaza emkhakheni okhulayo womoya waphesheya kwezilwandle.
• Amadolobha asogwini asebenzisa imiklamo yengqalasizinda eqinile, esebenza lapho kukhona amapulazi omoya asogwini, okuholela ekuhlelweni kwamadolobha okuphephile nokusebenza kahle.
• Ukwethulwa kwezinqubomgomo ezibeka phambili ukuvikelwa kwemvelo yasolwandle, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa komoya ogwini lolwandle kuhlangana ngokuhambisana nezilwane zasolwandle.
• Ukusungulwa kokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezivumelwano, ukugqugquzela ucwaningo olwabiwe, ukuthuthukiswa, kanye nemikhuba engcono kakhulu yamandla omoya ogwini lolwandle.
• Ushintsho emizileni yezokuthutha zasolwandle nezinqubo, ezivumela ukuba khona kwamapulazi omoya kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuzulazula okuphephile kwemikhumbi.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezixazululo ezithuthukisiwe zokugcina amandla, ukubhekana nesimo sesikhashana samandla omoya kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla okungaguquki kubathengi.
• Ukwanda kwezinhlelo eziholwa ngumphakathi ezimela noma ezimelene namaphrojekthi omoya ogwini lolwandle, okunomthelela ekuthathweni kwezinqumo zendawo kanye nokubumba ikusasa lentuthuko yasogwini.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi umthamo omkhulu wezinkundla zomoya ezintantayo uzidlula izindleko zazo eziphezulu? Ingabe izinjini zomoya ezintantayo ziyasebenza njengomthombo wamandla?
• Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi izikhalazo zokungcola okubonakalayo mayelana namapulazi omoya angasogwini kufanele zibhekwe lapho uwafaka?