Umnotho wethokheni: Ukwakha i-ecosystem yezimpahla zedijithali

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• December 19, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Umnotho wamathokheni noma ukwenza amathokheni kuwuhlelo lwendalo olubeka inani lemali/izimpahla zedijithali, okukuvumela ukuthi kudayiswe futhi kukhokhwe amanani alinganayo (imali). Umnotho wamathokheni uholele ezinhlelweni eziningi zamathokheni ezenza izinkampani zihlanganyele kangcono abathengi bazo ngokusebenzisa imali ye-crypto. Imithelela yesikhathi eside yalokhu kuthuthukiswa ingase ihlanganise imithetho yomhlaba wonke yokwenziwa kwamathokheni kanye nezinhlelo zokwethembeka komkhiqizo ezihlanganisa amathokheni.

Ingqikithi yezomnotho wamathokheni

Izinhlaka zomthetho nezomnotho zibalulekile ekusunguleni inani lethokheni. Ngakho-ke, umnotho wamathokheni ugxile ekutheni izinhlelo ze-blockchain zingaklanywa kanjani ukuze zibe nenzuzo kubo bonke abathintekayo, kuhlanganise nabasebenzisi bethokheni nalabo abaqinisekisa ukuthengiselana. Amathokheni anoma iyiphi impahla yedijithali emele inani, okuhlanganisa amaphuzu okwethembeka, amavawusha, nezinto ezingaphakathi kwegeyimu. Ezimweni eziningi, amathokheni anamuhla adalwe endaweni yesikhulumi se-blockchain njenge-Ethereum noma i-NEO. Isibonelo, uma inkampani inikeza uhlelo lokwethembeka, ikhasimende kufanele lithenge amathokheni enkampani ukuze libambe iqhaza ohlelweni. Ukwengeza, lawa mathokheni angakwazi ukuthola imiklomelo efana nezaphulelo noma mahhala. 

Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-tokenization yukuthi ingaba nezinto ezihlukahlukene. Izinkampani zingasebenzisa amathokheni ukumela amasheya esitoko noma amalungelo okuvota. Amathokheni angasetshenziswa futhi ngezinjongo zokukhokha noma ukusula nokuxazulula izinkokhelo. Enye inzuzo ubunikazi obuyingxenyana bezimpahla, okusho ukuthi amathokheni angasetshenziswa ukumela ingxenye encane yokutshalwa kwezimali okubaluleke kakhulu. Isibonelo, umuntu angaba nephesenti lendawo ngamathokheni kunokuba abe nempahla yonke. 

I-Tokenization iphinde ivumele ukudluliswa kwezimpahla okusheshayo nokulula njengoba lezi zimpahla zedijithali zithunyelwa futhi zamukelwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain. Le ndlela inika amandla ukuxazulula izinkokhelo ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kokudinga umlamuli wenkampani yangaphandle. Enye amandla amathokheni ukuthi kwandisa obala nokungaguquki. Njengoba amathokheni agcinwe ku-blockchain, angabukwa yinoma ubani nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Futhi, uma ukuthengiselana sekurekhodwe ku-blockchain, akukwazi ukuguqulwa noma ukususwa, okwenza izinkokhelo ziphephe ngendlela emangalisayo.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza amathokheni izinhlelo zokwethembeka. Ngokukhipha amathokheni, izinkampani zingaklomelisa amakhasimende ngokusekela kwazo. Isibonelo i-Singapore Airlines, eyethule i-KrisPay ngo-2018. Uhlelo lusebenzisa isikhwama semali esisekelwe kumakhilomitha esingaguqula izindawo zokuhamba zibe imiklomelo yedijithali. Le nkampani ithi i-KrisPay iyisikhwama semali sokuqala emhlabeni esisekelwe ku-blockchain sendiza yezindiza. 

Amafemu angasebenzisa namathokheni ukulandelela ukuziphatha kwekhasimende nalokho akuthandayo, okuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi anikeze izaphulelo ezihlosiwe kanye neminikelo esekelwe kuzintshisakalo zamakhasimende. Futhi kusukela ngo-2021, izinkampani ezihlukahlukene ziqala ukusebenzisa amathokheni ngezinjongo zokuthola imali; Ama-ICO (iminikelo yemali yokuqala) ayindlela ethandwayo yokukhulisa imali ngokukhipha amathokheni. Abantu bangabese behweba lawa mathokheni ekushintshanisweni kwe-cryptocurrency kwezinye izimpahla zedijithali noma izimali ze-fiat. 

I-Tokenization nayo isetshenziswa embonini yezindlu ezithengiswayo. Isibonelo, indawo yaseManhattan yathengiswa kusetshenziswa amathokheni e-cryptocurrency ngonyaka ka-2018. Indawo yathengwa nge-Bitcoin, futhi amathokheni akhishwe ku-platform ye-blockchain ye-Ethereum.

Ngenkathi uhlelo lusobala futhi lufanelekile, ukwenza amathokheni nakho kunezingozi ezithile. Enye yezinselelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amathokheni angaphansi kokushintshashintsha kwentengo, okusho ukuthi inani lawo lingakhuphuka noma lehle ngokuzumayo futhi ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Kwezinye izimo, izinhlamvu zemali ze-crypto zingancibilika ngokuphelele noma zinyamalale. Enye ingozi ukuthi amathokheni angagqekezwa noma ezebiwe njengoba lezi zimpahla zigcinwa ngedijithali. Uma amathokheni egcinwe ekushintshanisweni kwedijithali, angase futhi agqekezwe. Futhi, ama-ICO ngokuvamile awalawulwa, okusho ukuthi kunengozi enkulu yokukhwabanisa lapho ebamba iqhaza kulokhu kutshalwa kwezimali. 

Imithelela yezomnotho wamathokheni

Imithelela ebanzi yezomnotho wamathokheni ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ohulumeni abazama ukulawula ukwenziwa kwamathokheni, nakuba ukulawulwa kungaba yinkimbinkimbi endaweni yokusabalalisa izindawo.
• Amanye amapulatifomu e-crypto ayasungulwa ukuze asekele amathokheni adinga izinhlelo zokusetshenziswa eziqinile nezivumelana nezimo.
• Iminikelo ekhulisiwe ye-ICO kanye namathokheni wokutshalwa kwezimali ezinkulu, njenge-Security Token Offerings (STOs) yokuqala namabhizinisi amancane, angafinyeleleka kakhulu kunama-IPO (iminikelo yomphakathi yokuqala).
• Izinkampani eziningi eziguqula izinhlelo zazo zokwethembeka zibe amathokheni edijithali ngokubambisana nokuhwebelana okuhlukene kwe-crypto nabathengisi.
• Ukwenyuka kokutshalwa kwezimali ku-blockchain cybersecurity njengoba amathokheni amaningi nabathengi bengena ensimini.
• Izikhungo zezimali zendabuko ziyashintsha ukuze zihlanganise amathokheni edijithali, ziguqule izindawo zamabhange nokutshalwa kwezimali kakhulu.
• Ukwanda kwezinhlelo zemfundo nezinsiza ezigxile ku-cryptocurrency kanye nezomnotho wamathokheni, okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda komphakathi nokubamba iqhaza emnothweni wedijithali.
• Ukucutshungulwa okuthuthukisiwe yiziphathimandla zentela emhlabeni wonke, okuholela kuzinhlaka ezintsha zentela zezimpahla zedijithali nokuthengiselana kwamathokheni.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Uma utshale imali kunoma iyiphi ipulatifomu ye-crypto kanye nethokheni, yini oyithandayo noma ongayithandi mayelana nesistimu?
• Ukwenziwa kwamathokheni kungathinta kanjani futhi indlela izinkampani ezakha ngayo ubudlelwano bamakhasimende?