Izinselele zokugcinwa kwe-genome: Zizoyaphi izigidi zedatha ye-genomic?

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Izinselele zokugcinwa kwe-genome: Zizoyaphi izigidi zedatha ye-genomic?

Izinselele zokugcinwa kwe-genome: Zizoyaphi izigidi zedatha ye-genomic?

Umbhalo wesihlokwana
Inani elimangalisayo lomthamo wokugcina elidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe i-genome nokuhlaziya liphakamisa imibuzo nokukhathazeka.
    • About the Author:
    • Igama lomlobi
      I-Quantumrun Foresight
    • April 24, 2023

    Imboni ye-genomics ithole impumelelo enkulu, okuholele ekukhiqizweni kwedatha enkulu ye-DNA yokulandelana. Le datha ingaba inselele kososayensi ukuba bayihlaziye futhi bayisebenzise ngokugcwele ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamathuluzi anele. I-Cloud computing ingaxazulula le nkinga ngokuvumela ososayensi ukuthi bafinyelele futhi bacubungule idatha bekude nge-inthanethi.

    Isitoreji se-genome sibekela inselele umongo

    Ukusetshenziswa kwe-genomics ekuthuthukisweni kwezidakamizwa nasekunakekelweni kwezempilo komuntu siqu kwenyuke kakhulu ngenxa yokwehla kwezindleko zokulandelana kwe-DNA. I-genome yokuqala elandelanayo yathatha iminyaka engu-13 futhi yabiza cishe ama-USD ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.6, kodwa ngo-2021 kuyenzeka ukuthi i-genome yomuntu ihlelwe ngaphansi kosuku ngaphansi kuka-$960 USD. Kubikezelwa ukuthi ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 zama-genomes azobe alandelana ngo-2025 njengengxenye yamaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene we-genomic. Kokubili izinkampani ezenza imithi kanye nezinhlelo zikazwelonke ze-genomics zabantu ziqoqa idatha enkulu okulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhula. Ngokuhlaziya nokuhumusha okufanele, le datha inamandla okuthuthukisa kakhulu inkambu yomuthi onembile.

    Ukulandelana kofuzo lomuntu olulodwa kukhiqiza cishe amagigabhayithi angu-200 edatha eluhlaza. Uma imboni yesayensi yezempilo iphumelela ukuhlela ama-genome ayizigidi eziyi-100 ngo-2025, umhlaba uzobe usuqoqe amagigabhayithi angaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-20 wedatha eluhlaza. Kungenzeka ukuphatha ingxenye enkulu kangaka yedatha ngobuchwepheshe bokucindezela idatha. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Petagene, ezinze e-UK, zigxile kakhulu ekwehliseni usayizi nezindleko zokugcinwa kwedatha ye-genomic. Izixazululo zamafu zingabhekana nezinkinga zesitoreji futhi zithuthukise amakhono okuxhumana nawokukhiqiza kabusha. 

    Kodwa-ke, izinkampani ezinkulu zemithi ziyakugwema ukuthatha ubungozi ngokuvikeleka kwedatha futhi zincamela ingqalasizinda yangaphakathi ukuze igcinwe futhi ihlaziywe. Ukufaka amasu afana nenhlangano yedatha kunciphisa le ngozi ngokuvumela amakhompyutha akunethiwekhi ehlukene ukuthi asebenze ndawonye ukuze ahlaziye idatha ngokuphephile. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Nebula Genomics ziqhubeka zethula ukulandelana kwezakhi zofuzo eziphelele ukuze kubekwe kunkundla esekelwe ku-blockchain evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balawule ukuthi idatha yabo yabiwa nobani kanye nenhlangano ukuthi ifinyelele idatha engakhonjwa ukuze iqonde izitayela kwezempilo.

    Umthelela ophazamisayo 

    Izinselelo zokugcinwa kwedatha ye-Genomic cishe zizokhuthaza amafemu amaningi ukuthi aguqukele ezixazululweni zekhompiyutha yamafu ukuze agweme ukukhokha izindleko eziphezulu kwingqalasizinda ye-IT ngaphambili. Njengoba abahlinzeki abaningi besitoreji beqhudelana ukuze benze izisombululo zabo zivelele embonini, izindleko ezihlobene nalezi zinsizakalo cishe zizokwehla, futhi ubuchwepheshe obusha be-genome-specific buzovela ngawo-2030. Yize amafemu amakhulu ezoqale abe manqikanqika, cishe azobona izinzuzo zakamuva, amasu e-cloud computing aphephile futhi aqale ukuwasebenzisa. 

    Ezinye izixazululo ezingaba khona zingafaka amachibi edatha, inqolobane emaphakathi evumela ukugcina lonke ulwazi oluhlelekile nolungahlelekile nganoma yisiphi isikali. Ukugcinwa kwedatha, okubandakanya ukufakwa endaweni eyodwa kolwazi olusuka emithonjeni eminingi lube ohlelweni olulodwa, oluhlanganisiwe, kungase futhi kube indlela esebenzayo yokugcina nokuphatha amanani amakhulu edatha ye-genomic. Amasistimu okuphatha idatha akhethekile anikeza izici ezithuthukile, ezifana nokuphepha, ukubusa, nokuhlanganiswa. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kugcinwe idatha ye-genomic endaweni kumaseva angaphakathi. Le nketho ingase ifanelekele amaphrojekthi amancane noma izinhlangano ezinezidingo ezithile zokuphepha kwedatha.

    Izixazululo ezisekelwe ku-Blockchain zingalindelwa ukuthi ziqashwe kabanzi. Inzuzo enkulu yokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ukuthi buvumela abantu ukuthi bagcine ubunikazi bedatha yabo ye-genomic. Lesi sici sibalulekile ngoba lolu lwazi lubucayi kakhulu, futhi abantu kufanele babe nokulawula ukuthi lusetshenziswa futhi lwabiwe kanjani.

    Imithelela yezinselele zokugcinwa kofuzo

    Imithelela ebanzi yezinselele zokugcinwa kwegenome ingase ihlanganise:

    • Amathuba amasha ezigebengu ze-inthanethi uma izinhlelo zokulondoloza izakhi zofuzo zenziwa zivikeleke ngokwanele.
    • Ingcindezi kohulumeni ukuthi bethule izinqubomgomo eziqinile mayelana nokusetshenziswa nokuvikelwa kwedatha ye-genomic, ikakhulukazi ukuthola imvume.
    • Impumelelo esheshayo ekuthuthukisweni kwezidakamizwa nokwelashwa uma izinselelo zobuchwepheshe ezimayelana nokuhlaziya imininingwane yolwazi yofuzo olukhulu sezixazululiwe.
    • Inani elikhulayo labahlinzeki besevisi yefu abakha imikhiqizo ekhethekile namasevisi wedatha ye-genomic nocwaningo lwesayensi.
    • Ososayensi nabacwaningi bafundiswa ukusebenzisa i-blockchain-based data storage and management systems.

    Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

    • Ucabanga ukuthi idatha ye-genomic kubantu ngabanye ingasetshenziswa kanjani kabi?
    • Ucabanga ukuthi ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kwedatha ye-genomic kuzoshintsha kanjani, futhi lokhu kuzoba namuphi umthelela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo nocwaningo?

    Izinkomba zokuqonda

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