Amadolobha angaphansi komhlaba: Ukuntuleka komhlaba kungase kusiqhubele phansi sonke maduzane

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• April 22, 2024

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Njengoba amadolobha emhlabeni wonke ebhekana nezinselelo zokuminyana nendawo elinganiselwe, ukuhlola amadolobha angaphansi komhlaba kunikeza isixazululo sokudala sokwanda nokusimama. Ngokulungisa kabusha indawo engaphansi kwezinyawo zethu, izindawo zasemadolobheni zingathuthukisa ukuqina, zinikeze isivikelo esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu futhi zilondoloze umhlaba ongaphezulu ukuze uthole izindawo eziluhlaza. Lolu shintsho aluthembisi nje kuphela ukuguqula indlela esiphila ngayo nesisebenza ngayo ngokudala izindawo ezintsha namathuba kodwa futhi kuphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile mayelana nemiphumela yesikhathi eside yezenhlalo nezengqondo yokuphila okungaphansi komhlaba.

Umongo wamadolobha angaphansi komhlaba

Njengoba izindawo zasemadolobheni ziya ngokuya ziminyana futhi zinenani eliphakeme, amadolobha emhlabeni wonke abheke ezisombululweni ezintsha zokuhlangabezana nenani labantu elikhulayo kanye nezidingo zengqalasizinda. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuholele ekuhlolweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamadolobha angaphansi komhlaba, umqondo osebenzisa indawo engaphansi komhlaba ukuze kuthuthukiswe amadolobha. Isibonelo, i-Jurong Rock Caverns yase-Singapore iklanyelwe ukugcina ama-hydrocarbon awuketshezi ekujuleni komhlabathi, ukulondoloza umhlaba ongaphezulu obalulekile. 

I-Helsinki ne-Montreal zamukele ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo engaphansi komhlaba ukuze kwandiswe indawo etholakalayo kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwedolobha. I-Helsinki, eyaziwa ngoHlelo lwayo Lwedolobha Elingaphansi Komhlaba, ihlanganisa izitolo, amahhovisi, nezindawo zokungcebeleka ngaphansi komhlaba, ikhombisa indlela ephelele yokubhekana namadolobha angaphansi komhlaba. Inethiwekhi ebanzi engaphansi komhlaba yaseMontreal, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-La Ville Souterraine, ihlanganisa izindawo zokuthenga nezindlela zabahamba ngezinyawo, igqamisa ukuguquguquka kwezikhala ezingaphansi komhlaba ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi lwasemadolobheni kuyilapho ilondoloza ubuhle nobuqotho bemvelo bendawo yedolobha ngenhla.

Umkhankaso wokuthuthukisa umshoshaphansi awugcini nje ngokudala indawo yezinsiza nemisebenzi yezohwebo kodwa udlulela ekubhekaneni nezinselelo zemvelo kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lempilo. Isibonelo, izindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba zinikeza isivikelo ngokwemvelo ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, okuzenza kube ukukhetha okubalulekile kwengqalasizinda ebalulekile kanye nezindawo zokukhosela eziphuthumayo. Lokhu kugcizelela kokusimama nokuqina kubonakala kumaphrojekthi asukela emapaki angaphansi komhlaba eDolobheni laseNew York kuya esiphakamisweni se-Earthscraper e-Mexico City, umqondo we-skyscraper ohlanekezelwe oklanyelwe ukubeka izindawo zezentengiselwano, zokuhlala, nezamasiko ngaphansi kwesikhungo esingokomlando sedolobha.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Izakhamuzi zingase zizithole sezihlala futhi zisebenza ezindaweni ezivikelwe esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu, okungase kuholele kulwazi lwansuku zonke olunethezekile noluzinzile. Kodwa-ke, umthelela ongokwengqondo wokuchitha isikhathi eside kude nokukhanya kwemvelo nomoya ovulekile awunakunakwa, okungenzeka kuthinte impilo yengqondo kanye nempilo enhle iyonke. Kubasebenzi, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezithembele kwingqalasizinda ebonakalayo efana nempahla, ezokuthutha, noma izinsiza, ukuthuthukiswa komshoshaphansi kungasho izimo zokusebenza eziphephile nezisebenza kahle kakhudlwana, ukunciphisa ukuchayeka ezingozini zangaphandle kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza.

Izinkampani zingase zehlise izindleko zazo ezingaphezulu ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngenxa yezakhiwo zemvelo zokuhlukanisa izindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala ekuthuthukiseni lezi zindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba kungase kube kukhulu, kudinga imali enkulu yangaphambili kanye nokuzibophezela kwesikhathi eside ekunakekeleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani ezibambe iqhaza ezinsizakalweni zokulethwa, ukudayisa, noma ezokuzijabulisa zingase zihlole amamodeli amasha okufinyelela abathengi, okungenzeka zilolonge kabusha indawo yezentengiso ukuze zivumelane nendlela abantu abazulazula futhi basebenzise ngayo lezi zindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba.

Ohulumeni bangasebenzisa lo mkhuba ukuze babhekane nokuminyana kwasemadolobheni kanye nokushoda komhlaba, bakhulise ngempumelelo izindawo zomphakathi neziluhlaza ngokuhambisa izinsiza ezingabalulekile ngaphansi komhlaba. Lolu shintsho ludinga nokubukezwa kwezinqubomgomo zokuhlela amadolobha kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha, ukufinyeleleka, kanye nokusimama kwentuthuko engaphansi komhlaba. Emazweni ngamazwe, ukwabelana ngezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu kanye nokuqanjwa okusha kwezobuchwepheshe ekwakhiweni komhlaba kungakhuthaza ukubambisana phakathi kwezizwe, nokho futhi kwethula izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ekumiseni imithetho kanye nokuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okulinganayo ezinzuzweni zokwandisa ngaphansi komhlaba.

Imithelela yamadolobha angaphansi komhlaba

Imithelela ebanzi yamadolobha angaphansi komhlaba ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ukuncipha kokuminyana kwethrafikhi kanye namazinga aphansi okungcoliswa komoya njengoba ezokuthutha kanye nemisebenzi yezokuthutha ihamba ngaphansi komhlaba, ithuthukisa izinga lomoya wasemadolobheni nempilo yomphakathi.
• Ukwanda kokutholakala komhlaba ongaphezulu wezindawo eziluhlaza, amapaki, nezindawo zomphakathi, okukhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo okukhulu futhi kuthuthukiswe impilo yengqondo nenhlalakahle yabahlali.
• Ukwethulwa kwamathuba emisebenzi emisha ekwakhiweni komshoshaphansi, ekunakekeleni nasekusebenzeni, ukuguqula izimfuno zemakethe yezabasebenzi kubhekiswe kumakhono akhethekile wobunjiniyela kanye nezobuchwepheshe.
• Ukuvikelwa okuthuthukisiwe kwengqalasizinda ebalulekile ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwezomnotho okuphansi kanye nezindawo zasemadolobheni ezikwazi ukumelana nezimo.
• Ukushintsha kumanani wezindlu ezithengiswayo, ngezintengo eziphakeme zezakhiwo ezingaphezulu ezinikeza ukukhanya kwemvelo nomoya ovulekile, namamodeli entengo ezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba.
• Ohulumeni ababuyekeza amakhodi okwakha kanye nemithethonqubo yokuphepha ukuze baqinisekise ukuhlala ngokuphephile nokusetshenziswa kwezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba, bakhuthaze ukuphepha komphakathi kanye nenhlalakahle.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokungenisa komoya obuthuthukisiwe kanye nokukhanyisa ukuze kulingise izimo zemvelo ngaphansi komhlaba, kuqhubekisela phambili ukusungulwa kwezinqubo zokwakha ezisimeme.
• Izinselele zomphakathi ezingaba khona, okuhlanganisa imithelela yengqondo yokuhlala nokusebenza ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba ngaphandle kokufinyelela okuqondile kwemvelo.
• Izinhlobo ezintsha zokungalingani kwezenhlalo, lapho ukufinyelela ezintweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu kuba ukunethezeka kanye nezimo zokuphila ezingaphansi komhlaba ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngesimo somnotho.
• Ukulima ngaphansi komhlaba emadolobheni kanye nobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza, okunomthelela ekuvikelekeni kokudla kanye nokunciphisa i-carbon footprint yokuthutha ukudla ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ukuhlala noma ukusebenza edolobheni elingaphansi komhlaba kungashintsha kanjani izindlela zakho zansuku zonke nokuxhumana nabantu?
• Intuthuko engaphansi komhlaba ingaba nomthelela kanjani ekufinyeleleni komphakathi wakini ezindaweni zemvelo nemisebenzi yangaphandle?