Umshwalense wezempilo weBlockchain: Ukubhekana nezinselele ekuphathweni kwedatha

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• November 21, 2023

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Izimboni zomshuwalense wezempilo nempilo ziya ngokuya zibuka ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain njengethuluzi eliguqulayo lokwabelana ngedatha okuphephile, ukunciphisa ubungozi, nokusebenza kahle. Igunyazwe imizimba efana ne-IEEE ngamandla ayo ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, i-blockchain inganciphisa ukukhohlisa futhi yehlise kakhulu izindleko. I-Deloitte iphakamisa ukuthi izinkampani zomshwalense zitshale imali ezinhlelweni zamasu futhi zifune ozakwethu abakhethekile bezobuchwepheshe ukuze zisetshenziswe. Ngokuphawulekayo, i-blockchain ingakhuthaza amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha agxile kumakhasimende, iqondise izinqubo zezimangalo ngokusebenzisa izinkontileka ezihlakaniphile, futhi yenze kube lula ukusebenzisana kuzo zonke izinkundla. Kodwa-ke, ukuze isebenzise amandla ayo aphelele, abadayisi bomshwalense kumele bahlanganise izibalo ezithuthukile, i-AI, ne-IoT, kuyilapho bekhumbula izindleko zokusebenzisana nentuthuko.

Umshwalense wezempilo weBlockchain

I-Blockchain iqinisekisa ukwabelana ngedatha okuvikelekile nokuthembekile kuzo zonke izizinda ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa umnotho, ukuphathwa kwe-supply chain, imboni yokudla, amandla, imfundo, i-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Embonini yezokunakekelwa kwempilo, ukulinganisa ukunakekelwa kwesiguli nobumfihlo, ukufinyeleleka, kanye nokuqonda kudale inselele enkulu. 

Ngokusho kwe-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), ngenxa yomthelela oqondile wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezimpilweni zabantu, ingenye yezinkambu zokuqala lapho i-blockchain yamukelwe khona. Ngokubhekana hhayi kuphela nokuphathwa kwedatha phakathi kwababambe iqhaza abahlukene kodwa futhi nokunciphisa umgunyathi nokunika amandla iziguli, i-blockchain ingonga izigidi zamadola ezindlekweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Kodwa-ke, abahlinzeki bomshwalense badinga ukuthatha isikhathi sokutadisha ukuthi i-blockchain ingahambisana kanjani nezinsizakalo zabo.

Inkampani yabaxhumanisi i-Deloitte iphakamisa ukuthi abomshwalensi bazibandakanye ekuhleleni amasu, ukuhlola, nokuthuthukiswa kobufakazi bomqondo. Le ndlela izosebenzisa kangcono amathuba e-blockchain okudala imikhiqizo yesizukulwane esilandelayo namasevisi akhuthaza ubudlelwano obusebenzisanayo nabaphathi benqubomgomo. Njengoba kunikezwe amandla okusebenza kanye nezingqinamba zobungcweti ngaphakathi kweminyango ye-IT ekhona, abadayisi bomshwalense bangadinga ukukhomba futhi batshale imali kubalingani bezobuchwepheshe abasebenza ngokukhethekile ekuthuthukisweni kwe-blockchain ukuze basebenzise le mibono.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ucwaningo lukaDeloitte lokuthi i-blockchain ingabazuzisa kanjani abashwalensi bezempilo bembula ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe bungathuthukisa ulwazi lwekhasimende ngokunikeza izincomo zohlelo nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza. Amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha nezinqubo ziyadingeka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezikhulayo zamakhasimende zezinsizakalo eziqondene nawe, ukuvikela okuqinile kobumfihlo, imikhiqizo emisha, inani elithuthukisiwe, kanye namanani okuncintisana. I-Blockchain inganika amandla ukuqoqwa okuzenzakalelayo kwamarekhodi ahlobene nezivumelwano, ukuthengiselana, namanye amasethi edatha abalulekile. Lawa marekhodi angabese exhunywa ndawonye futhi asetshenzwe ngezinkontileka ezihlakaniphile.

Ukusebenzisana kungenye into eyenza i-blockchain ikhange kubashwalense bezempilo. Ukuvikeleka okuthuthukisiwe kobuchwepheshe kanye nekhono lokusungula ukwethembana phakathi kwezinhlangano ezihlukene kwenza kube kuhle ukusebenzisa ezinkundleni ezahlukene. Kodwa-ke, imboni yomshuwalense wezempilo nayo idinga ukuthatha isinyathelo sokusebenzisana nama-consortiums amakhulu okunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwamazinga okugcinwa kwedatha okusekelwe ku-blockchain. 

Ukutholwa kokukhwabanisa nakho kuyisici esibalulekile se-blockchain. Izivumelwano ezihlakaniphile zingasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukufaneleka kokuthunyelwa okwenziwa kubashwalensi bempilo noma bezempilo, njengezimangalo ezingamanga noma izicelo ezingelona iqiniso, ukuze kuvinjelwe ulwazi oluwumgunyathi ukuthi lungacutshungulwa. Ukwengeza, uhla lwemibhalo lwabahlinzeki lungasebenzisa izivumelwano zokuvumelana ezinikezwe yilobu buchwepheshe ukuze kube lula izibuyekezo ezisebenza kahle nezilula zokufakwa kuhlu ngabahlinzeki nabadayisi bomshwalense. Kodwa-ke, ukutshala imali ku-blockchain kungabiza kakhulu. Ukuze basebenzise ngokugcwele amandla obuchwepheshe, abadayisi bomshwalense badinga ukusebenzisa izibalo ezithuthukisiwe, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), kanye ne-IoT ngenkathi besebenzisana nababambiqhaza abahlukahlukene.

Imiphumela yomshuwalense wezempilo we-blockchain

Imithelela ebanzi yomshuwalense wezempilo we-blockchain ingabandakanya: 

• Izinqubo ezilula zezimangalo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, izinkokhelo, nokugcinwa kwamarekhodi, okunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokuphatha.
• Idatha yomuntu siqu neyezokwelapha igcinwa ngokuvikelekile futhi ibethelwe, ivimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe noma ukuphazamisa. 
• Imvelo engaguquki nesobala ye-blockchain esusa amaphutha kudatha yokunakekelwa kwezempilo, inciphisa amathuba okuxilonga noma ukwelashwa okungalungile.
• Iziguli ezinokulawula okwengeziwe kudatha yazo yomuntu siqu neyezokwelapha, futhi zinganikeza ngokukhetha ukufinyelela kubahlinzeki abathile. 
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokuhlinzekwa kwezinsiza zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezithengekayo nezifinyelelekayo kubantu abanganakiwe, okuhlanganisa abantu abahola kancane nalabo abahlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya. 
• Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, abahlinzeki, nabakhokhi, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenzelana kokunakekelwa kanye nokunciphisa ukuphindaphinda.
• Ukungasebenzi okuhlobene nedatha okumbalwa kanye nenkohlakalo ohlelweni lokunakekelwa kwezempilo. 
• Amathuba emisebenzi emisha, okuhlanganisa onjiniyela be-blockchain, abahlaziyi bedatha yezokunakekelwa kwempilo, kanye nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo abanolwazi kubuchwepheshe be-blockchain.
• Ukwehliswa kokulahlwa kwephepha nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Nokho, ukugcinwa kwedatha nokucutshungulwa kungase kwenyuse ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ungathanda ukuthola umshwalense wezempilo osuselwa ku-blockchain? Kungani noma kungani kungenjalo?
• Uma kubhekwa isimo sayo sokwehlukaniswa, ohulumeni bangaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi imishwalense yezempilo ye-blockchain ilawulwa ngendlela efanele?