Amakhala e-Bionic: Ukubuyisela iphunga

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• April 1, 2024

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Abacwaningi benza umshini ongabuyisela umuzwa wokuhogela kulabo abawulahlekele, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obugqokekayo nezifakelo zobuchopho. Lo mzamo ubhekene nezinselele zokuzivumelanisa nobunkimbinkimbi besistimu yomuntu yokuhogela, okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza imephu enembile futhi iphindaphinde izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zephunga. Imithelela yalobu buchwepheshe ihlanganisa izinzuzo zezempilo, ukusungulwa kwemboni, nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe.

Bionic amakhala umongo

EVirginia Commonwealth University, abacwaningi abaholwa nguRichard Costanzo kanye noDaniel Coelho bahamba phambili ekwakheni ikhala le-bionic, okuyithuluzi elimangalisayo elingabuyisela umuzwa wokuhogela kubantu abalilahlile ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-COVID-19, ukulimala kobuchopho, noma ezinye izindaba zezokwelapha. Leli khala le-bionic lihlanganisa ukufakelwa kobuchopho nedivayisi egqokekayo efana nezibuko zelanga. Lapho okugqokekayo kuthola iphunga, lezi zimpawu zidluliselwa emuva ku-implant, kusebenze ama-olfactory bulbs ebuchosheni, anesibopho sokubona kwethu iphunga elihlukile. Lobu buchwepheshe, busesigabeni sokuqala, bubonise imiphumela ethembisayo ekuhlolweni kwezilwane, ikakhulukazi ngamagundane. 

Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa komuntu kuletha inselele eyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yohlu lwethu olukhulu lwama-receptors ephunga anquma izinkulungwane zenhlanganisela yephunga. Umsebenzi wamanje weqembu uwukwenza ngcono ikhono ledivayisi lokwenza imephu yalezi zinhlanganisela ngempumelelo, ngokunokwenzeka egxile kumakha abaluleke kakhulu kumsebenzisi ngamunye. I-prototype yaleli khala le-bionic isebenzisa izinzwa ezifanayo nalezo ezitholakala emakhaleni e-electronic commercial noma ama-e-noses. Ngendlela yayo yokugcina, le nzwa ngeke imane ibonise ukukhanya kwe-LED kodwa izothumela isignali ngokuqondile ebuchosheni bomsebenzisi. 

Umqondo uboleka izakhi ekufakweni kwe-cochlear, amathuluzi asetshenziselwa ukusiza abantu abanenkinga yokuzwa ngokudlulisela ulwazi lomsindo ebuchosheni. Lapha, isimiso siyefana: ukuguqula izisusa zomzimba ezivela endaweni ezizungezile zibe amasignali kagesi aqondise izifunda ezithile zobuchopho. Ukulahlekelwa iphunga, noma i-anosmia, kungavela ngezimbangela ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukulimala ekhanda, ukuchayeka ebuthini, ukwehla okuhlobene nobudala, kanye nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-COVID-19. Ukwelashwa kwamanje kunomkhawulo futhi akusebenzi emhlabeni wonke, kugcizelela umthelela ongaba khona wekhala eliphumelelayo le-bionic. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Umthelela wesikhathi eside wobuchwepheshe bekhala le-bionic udlulela ngale kwezinzuzo zezempilo zomuntu ngamunye ezizindeni zomphakathi nezomnotho. Kubantu abalahlekelwe inzwa yokuhogela, lobu buchwepheshe bungabasiza ukuba bathole injabulo yezinzwa njengephunga lokudla nemvelo, abaningi abalithatha kalula, futhi bunikeze ukuphepha ekutholeni izingozi ezifana nokuvuza kwegesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubantu asebekhulile, abavame ukuzwa amakhono anciphile okuhogela, lobu buchwepheshe bungathuthukisa kakhulu ulwazi lwabo lwezinzwa kanye, nokwengeza, nempilo yabo engokwengqondo.

Ngaleso sikhathi, izinkampani emkhakheni wokudla neziphuzo zingasebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo nezinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi. Kungase futhi kugqugquzele ukuqanjwa okusha embonini yamakha, lapho ukuphindaphinda kwephunga okunembayo nokuguqulwa kubalulekile. Ukwengeza, izinkampani ezisebenza ngezinto zokuphepha zingahlanganisa lobu buchwepheshe emishinini ethola amagesi ayingozi noma ezinye izingozi zemvelo.

Ezimeni lapho izingozi zemvelo zikhathaza khona, njengokuchitheka kwamakhemikhali noma ukuvuza kwegesi, lobu buchwepheshe bungahlinzeka ngohlelo lwesixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi olubalulekile, olungase lusindise izimpilo. Kuphinde kube nomthelela ekuhleleni amadolobha kanye nokuqapha indawo ezungezile, lapho ukulandelela izinga lomoya kanye nokubona izinto ezingcolile kubalulekile empilweni yomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lobu buchwepheshe bungaba ithuluzi elibalulekile ekuxilongweni kwezokwelapha, busize ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi kwezifo ezibonakala ngokushintsha kwephunga, njengokuphazamiseka okuthile kwemizwa.

Imiphumela yamakhala e-bionic

Imithelela ebanzi yamakhala e-bionic ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ukwenyuka kwezixazululo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo komuntu siqu, ezinamakhala e-bionic asiza ekutholeni izifo kusenesikhathi ngokuhlonza amasignesha athile ephunga ahlobene nezimo zezempilo ezahlukahlukene.
• Ukwenyuka kwesidingo sabasebenzi abanamakhono emikhakheni ye-biotechnology kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa, ukushayela ukwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi kanye nezinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezikhethekile.
• Ukushintsha amakha namasu okumaketha embonini yobuhle, kugxile ekunembeni kwephunga nokuphindaphinda, okungase kuholele emikhiqizweni eqondene nawe kakhulu yabathengi.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezintsha zemfundo kanye nezinkambu zocwaningo emanyuvesi, kugxilwe kubuchwepheshe bephunga kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
• Ushintsho olungase lube khona ku-demographics ye-anosmia (ukulahlekelwa iphunga) iziguli ezifuna ukwelashwa, nokufinyelela okungeziwe kubuchwepheshe bekhala le-bionic obuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila.
• Izinguquko emakethe yemikhiqizo yezokuphepha yasendlini, enamakhala e-bionic afakwe emishinini yokuphepha yasekhaya yokuthola intuthu, igesi yemvelo, nezinye izingozi zasekhaya.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Yiziphi izinto ezithinta ukuziphatha nobumfihlo okufanele kubhekwane nazo njengoba lobu buchwepheshe bukwazi ukubona nokuhlaziya amakha ezindaweni zomphakathi nezizimele?
• Izikhala ze-bionic zingalithinta kanjani ikusasa lezimakethe zemisebenzi kanye namasethi wamakhono adingekayo ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene?