Amarobhothi e-DNA: Onjiniyela bamaselula

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• April 18, 2024

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Abacwaningi benze i-nanorobot ye-DNA engaguqula indlela esifunda ngayo nokwelapha izifo ngokulawula amandla amaselula. Lokhu okusha kusebenzisa i-DNA origami ukwakha izakhiwo ezikwazi ukusebenzisa ama-cell receptors ngokunemba okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili. Ukusetshenziswa okungahle kwenzeke kwalobu buchwepheshe kudlulela ngalé kokwelashwa kuye ekuhlanzeni imvelo, kugcizelela ukuguquguquka kwayo kanye nesidingo sokuhlola okwengeziwe kukho kokubili ukusebenzisana kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokusetshenziswa okungokoqobo.

Amarobhothi e-DNA umongo

Ithimba elihlangene elivela ku-Inserm, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, kanye ne-Université de Montpellier lidale i-nanorobot ukuze abacwaningi bakwazi ukufunda amandla emishini ezingeni le-microscopic, edlala indima ebalulekile enhlobonhlobo yezinqubo zebhayoloji nezokugula. Amandla emishini ezingeni lamaselula ayisisekelo ekusebenzeni kwemizimba yethu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezifo, kuhlanganise nomdlavuza, lapho amangqamuzana ajwayelana nemvelo yawo encane ngokusabela kulawa mandla. Ubuchwepheshe obutholakalayo njengamanje bokufunda lawa mandla bukhawulelwe izindleko kanye nokungakwazi ukuhlaziya ama-receptors amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, okugqamisa isidingo sezindlela ezintsha zokuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwethu.

Ithimba labacwaningi liphendukele endleleni ye-DNA origami, evumela ukuzihlanganisa kwe-nanostructures enezinhlangothi ezintathu kusetshenziswa i-DNA. Le ndlela yenze intuthuko enkulu ku-nanotechnology kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwakha irobhothi elihambisana nobukhulu bamaseli omuntu. Irobhothi lingasebenzisa futhi lilawule amandla ngokulungiswa kwe-piconewton eyodwa, okuvumela ukwenziwa kusebenze okunembile kwama-mechanoreceptors endaweni yeseli. Leli khono livula izindlela ezintsha zokuqonda izindlela zamangqamuzana ze-cell mechanosensitivity, okungase kuholele ekutholakaleni kwama-mechanoreceptors amasha kanye nokuqonda izinqubo zezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-pathological ezingeni lamaselula.

Ikhono lokusebenzisa amandla esikalini esinembe kangako kuzo zombili izilungiselelo ze-in-vitro ne-in-vivo libhekana nesidingo esikhulayo phakathi komphakathi wesayensi samathuluzi angathuthukisa ukuqonda kwethu oomakhenikha bamaselula. Kodwa-ke, izinselelo ezinjengokusebenzisana kwe-biocompatibility kanye nokuzwela ekucekeleni phansi kwe-enzymatic zisekhona, okubangela ucwaningo olwengeziwe lokuguqulwa kwendawo nezinye izindlela zokuvula. Lolu cwaningo lubeka isisekelo sokusebenzisa ama-nanorobots ezinhlelweni zezokwelapha, njengokwelashwa okuhlosiwe kwezifo ezinjengomdlavuza nemizamo yokuhlanza imvelo. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Njengoba la marobhothi e-DNA ekwazi ukuletha izidakamizwa ngokunemba okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, iziguli zingathola ukwelashwa okucushwe kahle kukwakheka kwazo okuhlukile kofuzo kanye nephrofayili yezifo. Ngakho-ke, izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenza kangcono, zibe nemiphumela engemihle encishisiwe, kuthuthukiswe imiphumela yesiguli kanye nokwehlisa izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kungase kuholele ekwelashweni okuphumelelayo, kusukela kumdlavuza kuya ekuphazamisekeni kofuzo, ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo nokuphila isikhathi eside.

Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-nanorobots e-DNA avula izindlela ezintsha zokuqanjwa kabusha komkhiqizo nokuhlukaniswa okunokuncintisana. Amafemu atshala imali kulobu buchwepheshe angase ahole ekudaleni izindlela zokwelapha zesizukulwane esilandelayo, ekutholeni amalungelo obunikazi, nasekusunguleni izindinganiso ezintsha ekulethweni kokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isidingo sokusebenzisana kwemikhakha eminingi kulo mkhakha singakhuthaza ubudlelwano kuzo zonke izimboni, kusukela kumafemu ezobuchwepheshe agxile ekwenzeni i-nano-fabrication kuya ezikhungweni zocwaningo ezigxile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-biomedical. Ukusebenzisana okunjalo kungasheshisa ukuthengiswa kwemiphumela yocwaningo, kuhumushele ekwelashweni okusha okufika emakethe ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ohulumeni nezinhlaka ezilawulayo zingakhuthaza ukusungulwa kwezinhlelo zemvelo, okuholela ekudaleni amathuba emisebenzi, ukukhula komnotho, kanye nokwenza ngcono impilo yomphakathi. Ukwengeza, ukusungula imihlahlandlela yokusebenzisa ngokuphephile ubuchwepheshe obunjalo kubalulekile ukuze kubhekwane nezingozi ezingaba khona kanye nokukhathazeka ngokuziphatha, ukuqinisekisa ukwethenjwa komphakathi. Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buthuthuka, kungase futhi kudinge ukulungiswa kuzinqubomgomo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze kubandakanye lokhu kwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe, okungenzeka kumise kabusha amasistimu okunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze kuhambisane kangcono nezindlela zokwelapha eziqondene nomuntu siqu nezinembayo.

Imithelela yamarobhothi e-DNA

Imithelela ebanzi yamarobhothi e-DNA ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ukunemba okuthuthukisiwe ekulethweni kwezidakamizwa kwehlisa umthamo odingekayo ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo, ukwehlisa imiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa kanye nokuthuthukisa imiphumela yesiguli.
• Ushintsho ocwaningweni lwezemithi lugxile emithini yomuntu siqu, okuholela ekwelashweni okuklanyelwe amaphrofayili wofuzo ngamunye.
• Amathuba emisebenzi emisha emikhakheni ye-biotechnology kanye ne-nanotechnology, edinga abasebenzi abanamakhono emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, efana nebhayoloji yamangqamuzana, ubunjiniyela, nesayensi yedatha.
• Izindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nesidingo esincishisiwe sokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside nokulaliswa esibhedlela.
• Ukwenyuswa kokutshalwa kwezimali eziqalweni ze-nanotechnology, kukhuphula ukuqamba okusha futhi okungase kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ezintsha.
• Izinzuzo zemvelo ngokusebenzisa amarobhothi e-DNA ekuqapheni nasekulungiseni ukungcola, okunikela ekuhlanzeni kwemvelo.
• Ukushintsha kwezidingo zemakethe yezabasebenzi, ngokuncipha kwemisebenzi yokukhiqiza yendabuko kanye nezikhundla eziphakeme zobuchwepheshe.
• Isidingo sezinhlelo eziqhubekayo zokufunda impilo yonke kanye nokuqeqeshelwa kabusha amakhono ukuze kulungiswe abasebenzi bamanje nabazayo ukuze bathuthuke kwezobuchwepheshe.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Amarobhothi e-DNA angayishintsha kanjani indlela esibhekana ngayo nokuvimbela nokuphatha izifo?
• Izinhlelo zemfundo zingavela kanjani ukuze zilungiselele izizukulwane ezizayo izinguquko zobuchwepheshe ezilethwa amarobhothi eDNA?