I-automation yokuhlola abacebile: Ingabe i-AI ingaletha abagwema intela emgqeni?

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• October 25, 2023

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke, okuhlanganisa i-China ne-US, bahlola ukusetshenziswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) ukuze benze izinhlelo zentela zibe zesimanje. I-China ihlose ukwenza okuzenzakalelayo okugcwele ngo-2027, igxile ekugwemeni intela phakathi kwabacebile nabagqugquzeli bemithombo yezokuxhumana. Ngokuphambene, i-US idonsa kanzima ekuhloleni abacebile ngenxa yokuncipha kwesabelomali se-IRS kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezintuba ezingokomthetho. I-Salesforce ithuthukise i-AI Economist, ithuluzi elisebenzisa ukuqinisa ukufunda ukuze lihlole izinqubomgomo zentela ezifanele. Ngenkathi ithembisa, ubuchwepheshe buphakamisa ukukhathazeka njengokukhuphuka kokubhekwa komphakathi kanye nokumelana nabantu abacebile nezinkampani ezingase zilwe ne-automation ekukhokhiseni intela.

Ukuzenzakalela ukuhlola umongo ocebile

I-State Taxation Administration yase-China ifunge yagomela ukuthi izonyuka isebenzisa i-AI (2022) ukuhlonza abagwema intela futhi ibanikeze isijeziso esinzima ngaphansi komthetho. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqapha, i-China iqhubekela phambili nokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwe-Golden Tax IV, lapho idatha yenkampani nolwazi oluvela kubanikazi, abaphathi, amabhange, nabanye abalawuli bemakethe izoxhunywa futhi itholakale ukuze iziphathimandla zentela ziphenye. Ikakhulukazi, izwe liqondise kubadali bokuqukethwe kwenkundla yezokuxhumana kanye nabagqugquzeli abazuza izigidi zamadola ngokusakazwa ku-inthanethi. I-China inethemba lokuthi izosebenzisa i-automation egcwele ngo-2027, isebenzisa ifu nedatha enkulu. Abacebile baseChina nabo balindele izinkokhelo zentela ezinkulu kulo nyaka (2022-2023), ngenxa yomkhankaso kaMongameli Xi Jinping “wokuchuma okujwayelekile”.

Ngaleso sikhathi, ukukhokhiswa intela kwabacebile e-US kusaqhubeka kuyimpi ekhuphukayo. Ngo-2019, i-IRS yavuma ukuthi kubiza kakhulu ukukhokhela intela abahola kancane kunokulandela izinkampani ezinkulu kanye nephesenti elingu-1 eliphezulu. Le nhlangano imemezele ukuthi njengoba abacebile benebutho labameli abangcono kakhulu nabagcini bamabhuku ezimali abangasebenzisa, bayakwazi ukusizakala ngezintuba zokukhokhiswa intela okusemthethweni, okuhlanganisa nama-akhawunti aphesheya kwezilwandle. Isabelomali se-ejensi siphinde sehliswa emashumini eminyaka yiCongress, okuholela emazingeni abasebenzi abangasebenzi kahle. Futhi nakuba kunokwesekwa kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zokwandisa uxhaso lwale nhlangano, umsebenzi wezandla ngeke wanele ukulwa nezinsiza zosozigidi.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Izinqubomgomo zentela ezizenzakalelayo ziyisihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi esivame ukuba nempikiswano. Kodwa kuthiwani uma bekunendlela yokuyenza ingabi nepolitiki futhi iqhutshwe yidatha eyengeziwe ukuze ifanele wonke umuntu? Faka i-AI Economist - ithuluzi elithuthukiswe abacwaningi enkampanini yezobuchwepheshe i-Salesforce esebenzisa ukufunda okuqiniswayo ukuhlonza izinqubomgomo zentela ezifanele zomnotho olingisiwe. I-AI iselula uma kuqhathaniswa (ayikwazi ukulandisa ngazo zonke izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zomhlaba wangempela), kodwa iyisinyathelo sokuqala esithembisayo sokuhlola izinqubomgomo ngendlela entsha. Komunye umphumela wangaphambi kwesikhathi, i-AI ithole indlela yokukhulisa ukukhiqiza nokulingana kwemali engenayo eyayinobulungiswa ngamaphesenti ayi-16 kunohlaka lwentela oluqhubekayo lwesimanje olwafundwa osomnotho bezemfundo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubomgomo yamanje yase-US bekubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngaphambilini, amanethiwekhi e-neural (amaphoyinti edatha axhumene) ayesetshenziswa ukuphatha ama-ejenti kwezomnotho ezilingisayo. Kodwa-ke, ukwenza umenzi wenqubomgomo abe i-AI kukhuthaza imodeli lapho abasebenzi kanye nomenzi wenqubomgomo bazivumelanisa nokuziphatha komunye nomunye. Ngenxa yokuthi isu elifundwe ngaphansi kwenqubomgomo eyodwa yentela lingase lingasebenzi kahle ngaphansi kwenye, amamodeli okufundisa okuqinisa abe nobunzima ngale ndawo eguquguqukayo. Kuphinde kwasho ukuthi ama-AI athole ukuthi adlalwa kanjani uhlelo. Ezinye izisebenzi zafunda ukunciphisa izinga lokukhiqiza ukuze zifanelekele ubakaki wentela ophansi bese ziyawukhulisa futhi ukuze zigweme ukukhokha izintela. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwe-Salesforce, lokhu kunikela nokuthatha phakathi kwabasebenzi nabakhi bezinqubomgomo kunikeza ukulingisa okungokoqobo kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi imodeli eyakhiwe ngaphambilini, enezinqubomgomo zentela ngokuvamile ezimisiwe futhi ngokuvamile ezizuzisa abacebile.

Imithelela ebanzi yokuhlola abacebile okuzenzakalelayo

Imithelela engaba khona yokusetshenziswa kwe-automation ukuze kucwaningwe abacebile ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ucwaningo olwandisiwe lokuthi i-AI ingahlanganisa kanjani, ihlanganise, futhi ikhiphe ukufakwa kwentela.
• Amazwe afana ne-China akhipha imithetho eqinile yentela ezinkampanini zawo ezinkulu nakubantu abahola kakhulu. Nokho, lokhu kungase kuholele ekwandeni kokugadwa komphakathi kanye nokuqoqwa kwedatha okuphazamisayo.
• Uxhaso oluningi olutholakalayo lukahulumeni lokutshala kabusha ezinsizeni zikahulumeni zazo zonke izinhlobo.
• Ukwethenjwa kwesikhungo somphakathi kuma-ejensi kahulumeni ukuze asebenzise umthetho kanye nentela ngokulinganayo.
• Izinkampani ezinkulu kanye nosozigidi abaningi bahlehla emalini yentela ezenzakalelayo ngokusetshenziswa kwemali eyengeziwe kubashisekeli, besebenzisa ubumfihlo bedatha kanye nokukhathazeka ngokugebenga ukuze bamelane nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe.
• Abacebile baqasha ababaleki nabameli abaningi ukuze babasize bagweme intela ezenzakalelayo.
• Amafemu obuchwepheshe akhulisa utshalomali ekuthuthukiseni izixazululo zokufunda ngomshini emkhakheni wentela kanye nokusebenzisana nama-ejensi wentela.

Imibuzo ongaphawula ngayo

• Ingabe unolwazi lokusebenzisa izinsiza zentela ezizenzakalelayo?
• I-AI ingasiza kanjani futhi ekulawuleni ulwazi lwentela nezinhlelo?