Ukulawula ama-psychedelics: Yisikhathi sokucabangela ama-psychedelics njengezindlela zokwelapha ezingase zibe khona

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• September 22, 2023

Isifinyezo semininingwane

Ososayensi bathola ukuthi ezinye izidakamizwa ze-psychedelic zingasiza ekwelapheni izimo zengqondo ngemithamo ethile, okuhlanganisa ukudangala, ukukhathazeka, kanye ne-post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Umbuzo manje ukuthi bangalawula kanjani futhi banciphise ukusetshenziswa kwabo emithini.

Ukulawula umongo we-psychedelics

Imiphumela yocwaningo lwango-2021 olwenziwe abacwaningi abaxhaswe iNhlangano engenzi-nzuzo ye-Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS) ithole ukuthi ngemva kokwelashwa okusizwa yi-MDMA, cishe amaphesenti angu-70 ababambiqhaza abalashwayo awabange esakwazi ukuhlangabezana nemibandela yokuxilonga ye-PTSD. I-MDMA (methylenedioxymethamphetamine), evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-ecstasy, iyisivuseleli esibangela ukubona izinto ezingekho ngisho nokushaywa unhlangothi kanye nesifo senhliziyo lapho kusetshenziswa imithamo ephezulu.

I-MAPS inethemba lokuthi ucwaningo lwesibili oluqhubekayo luzoqinisekisa imiphumela yocwaningo lokuqala. Inhlangano engenzi nzuzo iphinde ifune ukugunyazwa kokwelashwa kwa-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ngasekuqaleni kuka-2023. I-FDA yanikeza i-MDMA igama elithi "impumelelo" ngo-2017, elihlinzeka ngosekelo olungeziwe nesiqondiso phakathi nenqubo yesilingo somtholampilo. 

Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990s, abacwaningi be-MAPS bebezama ukushintsha i-MDMA ibe umuthi kadokotela. Lo muthi awuvamisile ukuphumela ekukholweni okunamandla okubangelwa i-LSD noma amakhowe e-psilocybin. Kodwa-ke, iphakamisa izinga lamakhemikhali athile obuchopho, njenge-serotonin ne-dopamine. Lo msebenzi udala umuzwa wenjabulo nokwanda kozwela. Kwabasinde enhlekeleleni abahlangabezana nokuhlehla okumangalisayo, lokhu kungabavumela ukuthi baphinde bavakashele izinkumbulo eziphazamisayo ngokwesaba nokwahlulela okuncane.

I-MDMA nezinye izinto ze-psychedelic ziyasondela ekuvunyweni kokulawula, okungasiza ekwehliseni ukucwaswa okukuzungezile. Ukugadwa kwabelaphi kungabamba iqhaza kulolu shintsho, kusize abantu banqobe ukwesaba ukusetshenziswa ngokungakhethi. Kodwa-ke, kusadingeka ukuthi kube nohlaka olumisiwe lokulawula ukuze kubuse le mithi enobungozi obukhulu.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Umbono wokuthi izidakamizwa ze-psychedelic kanye nokwelashwa kwenkulumo kungase kusebenze ndawonye uphakamisa imibuzo eyinkimbinkimbi mayelana nendlela yokuthuthukisa nokulawula umuzwa womuthi. Ngokuka-Atheir Abbas, isazi sezinzwa nodokotela wezifo zengqondo e-Oregon Health & Science University, akucaci ukuthi i-MDMA nezinye izazi zengqondo ziqhuba kanjani ukwelashwa kwengqondo nokuthi zisithinta kanjani isiguli neurobiologically kulo mongo. Indlela eqondisiwe, egxile kakhulu ekwelapheni kwengqondo cishe ifanelekile kwabagula ngengqondo ngoba ingaba nemiphumela emibi uma kungenjalo.

Enye yezinselelo ezibaluleke kakhulu isimo esingokomthetho salezi zinhlanganisela emhlabeni wonke. I-United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances kusukela ngo-1971 ibheka i-psilocybin, i-DMT, i-LSD, ne-MDMA njengoHlelo loku-1, okusho ukuthi ayinayo imiphumela yokwelapha, inamandla amakhulu okuhlukumeza/ukuncika, futhi ngokuvamile ibangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi baphikisa ngokuthi uma umuthi ukhombisa izinzuzo zokwelashwa ezingaba khona, i-bureaucracy ezungeze ukuhlukaniswa kwawo akufanele ivimbele uphenyo olwengeziwe.

Amanye amazwe, anjenge-US, Canada, South Africa, kanye neThailand, asevele acubungula ukusetshenziswa kwamanye ama-psychedelics, njengensangu, okusemthethweni ngemithamo elinganiselwe. Ngo-2022, i-Alberta yaba isifundazwe sokuqala saseCanada ukulawula izidakamizwa ze-psychedelic njengokwelashwa kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Inhloso eyinhloko yalesi sinqumo ukuvikela umphakathi ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi iziguli zithola ukunakekelwa okufanele nokuvimbela ukuphathwa kabi kwemikhiqizo ethile. Ngokunikeza enye indlela yokwelapha, abelaphi banganikeza izinketho ezengeziwe ezigulini zabo. Ezinye izifundazwe zaseCanada cishe zizolandela okufanayo, futhi amanye amazwe ekugcineni azovuma ukusebenza kahle kwama-psychedelics empilweni yengqondo. 

Imithelela yokulawula ama-psychedelics

Imithelela ebanzi yokulawula ama-psychedelics ingabandakanya: 

• Izinkampani ze-Biotech kanye ne-biopharma zilandelela ngokushesha ucwaningo lwazo lwe-psychedelics ukuze zenze izindlela zokwelapha izimo zengqondo ezihlukahlukene, okuholela ekuphathweni okungcono kwezempilo yengqondo.
• Iziguli zingathola ama-psychedelics okuzikhethela ngemithamo elinganiselwe njengoba kunqunywe odokotela bazo.
• Amazwe amaningi avumela abaphila nengqondo ukuthi basetshenziswe ekwelapheni futhi asungule izinqubomgomo zokuthi le mithi ingasetshenziswa kanjani.
• Imakethe emnyama esafufusa yemithi esekelwe ku-psychedelic abanye abantu abangakhetha ukuyithenga ukuze baphumule.
• Ukwanda kokukhathazeka mayelana nokusetshenziswa okungekho emthethweni kanye nokulutheka njengoba abantu abaningi bekwazi ukufinyelela kubantu abanengqondo esemthethweni.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Sithini isimo sezwe lakini mayelana nokusebenzisa ama-psychedelics ekwelashweni?
• Yini ohulumeni abangayenza ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi abantu abanomqondo ongokomthetho basetshenziswa ngendlela efanele?