Izixhumanisi zokusesha eziguqukayo: Kusuka kumagama angukhiye kuye kwezimpendulo

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Mashi 18, 2024

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ukuguqulwa kwezinjini zokusesha kusuka kumathuluzi alula okuthola iqiniso kuya ezinjini zokuphendula ezithuthukisiwe ze-AI kuphawula ushintsho olukhulu endleleni esifinyelela ngayo ulwazi ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kuvelela kunikeza abasebenzisi izimpendulo ezisheshayo, ezifanele kakhulu nokho kuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokunemba nokuthembeka kokuqukethwe okukhiqizwa yi-AI. Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, bukhuthaza ukuba kuhlaziywe kabusha ukufunda kwedijithali, ukukhathazeka kobumfihlo, kanye namandla olwazi olunganembile, okulolonga ikusasa lokuthola nokusetshenziswa kolwazi.

Okuqukethwe yizindawo zokusesha eziguqukayo

Ngokomlando, izinjini zokusesha ezifana ne-Excite, i-WebCrawler, i-Lycos, ne-AltaVista zaziphethe indawo yesehlakalo ngeminyaka yawo-1990s, zinikeza abasebenzisi izinketho ezihlukahlukene zokuzulazula ku-inthanethi ekhulayo. Ukungena kwe-Google emakethe, ne-algorithm yayo emisha ye-PageRank, kuphawule inguquko, enikeza imiphumela yosesho ephakeme ngokuhlola ukuhlobana kwamakhasi ewebhu ngokusekelwe enanini nekhwalithi yezixhumanisi eziwakhombayo. Le ndlela isheshe ihlukanise i-Google, iyenze ibe umholi kubuchwepheshe bokusesha ngokubeka kuqala okuqukethwe okufanele ngaphezu kokufanisa amagama angukhiye.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwakamuva kobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), ikakhulukazi i-OpenAI's ChatGPT, ezinjinini zokusesha ezifana ne-Microsoft's Bing kuvuselele ukuncintisana emakethe yezinjini zokusesha. Lokhu kuphindwaphindwa kwesimanje kwezixhumanisi zosesho, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izinjini zokuphendula," kuhloswe ukuguqula inqubo yokusesha evamile isuke emisebenzini yokuthola iqiniso ibe ukusebenzelana kwengxoxo okunikeza izimpendulo eziqondile emibuzweni yabasebenzisi. Ngokungafani nezinjini zangaphambili ezazidinga abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlunge emakhasini ukuze bathole ulwazi, lezi zindawo zokusebenzelana ezithuthukisiwe ze-AI zizama ukuqonda nokuphendula imibuzo ngezimpendulo ezinembile, nakuba ngamazinga ahlukahlukene okunemba. Lolu shintsho luholele ekwamukelweni okusheshayo kwe-ChatGPT, ukuthola abasebenzisi abasebenzayo abayizigidi eziyi-100 phakathi nezinyanga ezimbili zokwethulwa nokubonisa isikhundla sayo njengohlelo lokusebenza lwabathengi olukhula ngokushesha kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, ukunemba kwezimpendulo ezikhiqizwe yi-AI kube iphuzu lokuphikisana, kuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuthembeka kwalawa mathuluzi amasha okucwaninga nokubhala. Impendulo ye-Google ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Microsoft kwaba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-chatbot yayo ye-AI, i-Gemini (owayekade eyi-Bard), eyabhekana nokugxekwa ngokunikeza ulwazi olungalungile ngemva nje kokukhululwa kwayo. Ukuncintisana phakathi kwe-Google ne-Microsoft ekuthuthukiseni izinjini zabo zokusesha ngamakhono e-AI kubonisa isikhathi esibucayi kubuchwepheshe bokusesha, kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokunemba nokwethembeka kokuqukethwe okukhiqizwa yi-AI. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ngezinjini zokusesha ze-AI, abasebenzisi bangalindela izimpendulo ezisheshayo nezifaneleka kakhudlwana emibuzweni, banciphise isikhathi esichithwa kuhlungwa ngolwazi olungahlobene. Kochwepheshe nabafundi, izinqubo zocwaningo zingahle zibe lula, okuvumela ukugxila ekuhlaziyeni kunosesho lwasekuqaleni lwedatha. Kodwa-ke, ukwethembeka kwezimpendulo ezikhiqizwe yi-AI kuwukukhathazeka, okunamandla okwaziswa okungelona iqiniso okuthonya izinqumo nobuqotho bezemfundo.

Izinkampani zingasebenzisa lawa mathuluzi ukuze zinikeze ukwesekwa okusheshayo, okunembile emibuzweni yamakhasimende, ukuthuthukisa ukwaneliseka nokuzibandakanya. Ngaphakathi, ubuchwepheshe obunjalo bungaguqula ukuphathwa kolwazi, kwenze abasebenzi bakwazi ukufinyelela ngokushesha ulwazi lwenkampani kanye nemininingwane. Nokho, inselele isekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinhlelo ze-AI ziyaqeqeshwa olwazini olunembile, olusesikhathini samanje ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusatshalaliswa kwedatha yenkampani ephelelwe yisikhathi noma engalungile, okungaholela ezinyathelweni ezingalungile zamasu noma ukungasebenzi kahle.

Ohulumeni bangathola ubuchwepheshe bokusesha obuthuthukisiwe be-AI buzuzisa izinsiza zomphakathi, bunikeza izakhamuzi ukufinyelela ngokushesha olwazini nasezinsizeni. Lolu shintsho lungathuthukisa ukuxhumana nomphakathi futhi luqondise izinqubo zikahulumeni, kusukela ekubuyisweni kwemibhalo kuye emibuzweni elandelwayo. Nokho, ukwamukela lobu buchwepheshe kubeka imibuzo mayelana nobukhosi bedijithali kanye nokugeleza kolwazi emhlabeni wonke, njengoba ukuthembela ezinhlelweni ze-AI ezithuthukiswe kwamanye amazwe kungaba nomthelela kuzinqubomgomo zendawo kanye nobudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe. 

Imithelela yokushintshashintsha kokusebenzelana kokusesha

Imithelela ebanzi yokuvela kokusebenzelana kokusesha ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ukufinyeleleka okuthuthukisiwe kolwazi lwabantu abakhubazekile, okuholela ekuhlanganisweni okukhulu nokuzimela ezindaweni ezidijithali.
• Ukwethembela okwengeziwe kumathuluzi okusesha aqhutshwa yi-AI kwezemfundo, okungase kwandise igebe phakathi kwezikhungo ezinokufinyelela kubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nalezo ezingenazo.
• Ushintsho ezimakethe zezabasebenzi njengoba kukhula isidingo sochwepheshe be-AI futhi kuncipha izindima ezivamile ezihlobene nokusesha, okuthinta ukutholakala komsebenzi kanye nezidingo zamakhono.
• Ohulumeni basebenzisa imithethonqubo ukuze baqinisekise ukunemba kokuqukethwe okukhiqizwa yi-AI, okuhloswe ngayo ukuvikela umphakathi olwazini olunganembile.
• Ukuziphatha kwabathengi kushintshela ekulindeleni ulwazi olusheshayo, olunembile, olunomthelela kumazinga wesevisi kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene.
• Amamodeli ebhizinisi amasha asebenzisa i-AI ukuze anikeze ulwazi lomuntu siqu lokusesha, aguqule amasu okumaketha kwedijithali.
• Ukwenyuka kwezidingo zokufunda nokubhala kwedijithali kuwo wonke amaqembu eminyaka yobudala, okudinga izinguquko zemfundo ukuze kulungiselelwe izizukulwane ezizayo.
• Izinzuzo ezingaba khona zezemvelo ezivela ekusetshenzisweni okuncishisiwe kwensiza ebonakalayo njengoba usesho lwedijithali nokusebenza kwe-AI kuqondisa ukusebenza kahle.
• Kukhushulwe ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke phakathi kwezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ukuze zilawule imakethe yokusesha ye-AI, okunomthelela ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe nezinqubomgomo zezomnotho.
• Izinkulumo-mpikiswano zomphakathi ezidlondlobalayo mayelana nobumfihlo kanye nokugadwa njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokusesha be-AI budinga ukuqoqwa nokuhlaziywa kwenani elikhulu ledatha yomuntu siqu.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Amathuluzi okusesha athuthukisiwe nge-AI azoyishintsha kanjani indlela owenza ngayo ucwaningo lomsebenzi noma esikoleni?
• Ukukhathazeka kobumfihlo bedatha yomuntu siqu kungakushintsha kanjani ukusebenzisa kwakho izinjini zokusesha eziqhutshwa yi-AI kanye nezinsizakalo zedijithali?