Imikhiqizo ye-Consumer brain-computer interface: Ibhizinisi lokufunda ingqondo

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Mashi 25, 2024

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Imikhiqizo ye-Consumer brain-computer interface (BCI) ishintsha unomphela indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nobuchwepheshe. Lawa ma-BCI anika amandla amadivayisi alawulwa umcabango, ukwenza kube ngokwakho ukuzizwisa kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwengqondo. Ngaleso sikhathi, lokhu kuthuthukiswa kungandisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nedatha nobumfihlo bemicabango kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi okungaba khona, njengokubhekwa komphakathi nokulawula ingqondo.

Umongo wemikhiqizo yokusebenzelana kobuchopho nekhompyutha yabathengi

Imikhiqizo ye-Consumer brain-computer interface (BCI) ithola ukunakwa okubalulekile ngekhono layo lokurekhoda nokunquma umsebenzi wobuchopho, okuvumela abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abakhubazekile kakhulu, ukulawula amakhompyutha namadivayisi ngemicabango yabo. I-Neuralink ka-Elon Musk isanda kuba sematheni ngokufaka idivayisi 'yokufunda ubuchopho' kumuntu, okumaka ingqopha-mlando ekuthuthukisweni kwe-BCI. I-Chip ye-Neuralink inezintambo ze-polymer ezingu-64 eziguquguqukayo ezinamasayithi okurekhoda angu-1,024 omsebenzi wobuchopho, idlula ezinye izinhlelo zokuqopha ezine-neuron eyodwa mayelana nomkhawulokudonsa wokuxhumana kobuchopho nomshini.

Ngaleso sikhathi, inkampani ye-neurotech i-Neurable ibambisene ne-lifestyle brand Master & Dynamic ukuze yethule ama-headphone e-MW75 Neuro, umkhiqizo womsindo wabathengi onikwe amandla yi-BCI. Lawa ma-headphone ahlakaniphile aklanyelwe ukuhlanganisa ngaphandle komthungo empilweni yansuku zonke, athuthukise ukusebenza kwengqondo futhi anike amandla ukulawula okungenazandla kwamadivayisi. Umbono wesikhathi eside we-Neurable uhlanganisa ukunweba ubuchwepheshe be-BCI kwezinye izinto ezigqokwayo kanye nokusebenzisana nezinkampani ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo enikwe amandla i-BCI.

Ukutholwa kwenkampani yezokuxhumana i-Snap ye-NextMind kumele isinyathelo esibalulekile emizamweni yokuthengisa ye-BCI. I-NextMind, eyaziwa ngesilawuli sayo senzwa yobuchopho, izojoyina i-Snap Lab, uphiko lokucwaninga ngehadiwe le-hardware ye-social media giant, ukufaka isandla emizamweni yesikhathi eside yocwaningo lwe-AR. Ubuchwepheshe be-NextMind, obuqapha umsebenzi we-neural ukuhumusha inhloso yomsebenzisi lapho usebenzisana nesixhumi esibonakalayo sekhompyutha, bubambe isithembiso ekuxazululeni izinselele zesilawuli ngokuvamile ezihlotshaniswa namahedisethi e-AR.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Njengoba ama-BCI omthengi efinyeleleka kakhudlwana, angase adinge ukuzivumelanisa nezintandokazi zomuntu ngamunye kanye nezidingo zomqondo, aguqule indlela abantu abasebenzisana ngayo namadivayisi kanye nolwazi lokufinyelela. Lo mkhuba ungase uthuthukise ukusebenza kwengqondo futhi unikeze izindlela ezintsha zokulawula ingcindezi nokwandisa ukugxila. Amandla okulawula ngaphandle komthungo amadivayisi ansuku zonke ngomcabango angachaza kabusha okwenziwa umsebenzisi, akwenze kube enembile futhi efanelana nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye.

Njengoba ama-BCI ehlinzeka ngemininingwane mayelana nezintandokazi zabasebenzisi kanye nezimo zokuqonda, izinkampani zingathola izindlela ezintsha zokwenza imikhiqizo namasevisi azo afanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye. Le threndi ingase idinge ukushintshwa kwamasu okumaketha, okugxile ekuletheni ukuzizwisa komuntu siqu kakhulu kubathengi. Ukwengeza, izinkampani ezibandakanyekayo ekuthuthukiseni ama-BCI zingase ziqhubekisele phambili intuthuko ekunakekelweni kwezempilo ngokuhlinzeka ngezixazululo kubantu abanokukhubazeka okukhulu, ukuvula izimakethe ezintsha namathuba.

Khonamanjalo, ohulumeni badinga ukunaka umthelela wesikhathi eside womphakathi wama-BCIs abathengi. Nakuba lobu buchwepheshe bunesithembiso, kungase kube nokukhathazeka okukhulayo ngobumfihlo bemicabango, ukuphepha kwedatha, nokucatshangelwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha. Ohulumeni bangase badinge ukusungula imithetho neziqondiso ukuze baqinisekise ukuthuthukiswa okunesibopho nokusetshenziswa kwama-BCI, kubhekwane nezinkinga ezifana nokuqoqwa kwedatha okungama-24/7 kanye nokukhangisa okuhlosiwe ngaphandle kwemvume. Ukwengeza, ukuhlanganisa ama-BCI ezicini ezihlukahlukene zempilo yansuku zonke kungase kube nomthelela ekukhiqizeni kwabasebenzi, futhi ohulumeni kungase kudingeke baguqule izinqubomgomo zabasebenzi ukuze zivumelane nalezi zinguquko.

Imithelela yemikhiqizo yesixhumi esibonakalayo sekhompuyutha yomthengi

Imithelela ebanzi yemikhiqizo yabathengi ye-BCI ingabandakanya: 

• Ushintsho ekuziphatheni kwabathengi ukuya ekuthembeleni okwengeziwe kumadivayisi alawulwa ngokucatshangwayo, okungenzeka athuthukise ukunethezeka nokusebenza kahle ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kuyilapho kubekela inselele ukuxhumana kwabasebenzisi bendabuko.
• Amabhizinisi ajwayelanisa amasu awo okumaketha ukuze asebenzise ama-BCI ekwenzeni umuntu abe ngumuntu siqu kakhulu, okuholela ekwazisweni kwamakhasimende okuklanyelwe futhi okubandakanyayo.
• Ukwenyuka kwesidingo sochwepheshe abanamakhono abasebenza ngobuchwepheshe be-BCI, ukudala amathuba emisebenzi amasha kanye namashifu emakethe yezabasebenzi.
• Ukukhathazeka ngobumfihlo bedatha kanye nokuvikeleka okukhuthaza ohulumeni ukuthi babeke imithetho eqinile nezinqubomgomo zokuvikela ulwazi lomuntu siqu oluqoqwe ama-BCI.
• Ukufinyeleleka okuthuthukisiwe kwabantu abakhubazekile, ukulinganisa inkundla kwezemfundo, ukuqashwa, nokubamba iqhaza komphakathi.
• Ukuvela kwezinkulumo-mpikiswano zokuziphatha ezizungeze ukusetshenziswa kabi okungaba khona kobuchwepheshe be-BCI ukuze kuqashwe, kufundwe ingqondo, futhi kuthonye imicabango yabantu.
• Ukutshalwa kwezimali kukahulumeni ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe be-BCI, kugqugquzelwe ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinkampani zikahulumeni nezizimele.
• Ukuhlolwa kabusha kwezinqubo zabasebenzi kanye nezindawo zokusebenza ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nama-BCI, okungase kuholele ezinhlelweni zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo nezikude.
• Ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo njengokukhiqizwa nokulahlwa kwemishini ye-BCI kungase kube nomthelela ekukhathazeni imfucuza ye-elekthronikhi, okuqhubekisela phambili isidingo sokuklama okusimeme kanye nezinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Izixhumanisi ze-BCI zingaba nomthelela kanjani ohlelweni lwakho lwansuku zonke kanye nendlela osebenzisa ngayo ubuchwepheshe bomthengi?
• Umphakathi ungafinyelela kanjani ukulingana phakathi kokuqanjwa kabusha kwe-BCI nobumfihlo bemicabango?