Uhlelo lokubona ukudla: Skena, yidla, phinda

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• February 29, 2024

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla buguqula indlela esiqonda ngayo futhi silawule ukudla kwethu, sisebenzisa amathuluzi edijithali ukuhlonza nokuhlaziya ukudla. Lezi ntuthuko, ezixhaswe ukufunda okujulile (i-DL) kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), zithuthukisa ukunemba kokuhlonza ukudla futhi zandisa ububanzi bazo ukuze zifake ukudla okuhlukahlukene. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe emikhakheni eyahlukene, kusukela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kuye embonini yokudla, kukulungele ukuba nomthelela omkhulu emikhubeni yokudla, ukuziphatha kwabathengi, namasu ezempilo yomphakathi.

Umongo wesistimu yokuqaphela ukudla

Ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla kanye nezinhlelo kungamathuluzi asafufusa adizayinelwe ukuhlonza nokuhlaziya ukudla okuhlukahlukene kusetshenziswa izithombe zedijithali nokucubungula idatha. Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa amasu okubona kwekhompyutha okuthuthukile (i-CV), inkambu ye-AI lapho ama-algorithms aqeqeshelwa ukutolika nokuqonda idatha ebonakalayo evela emhlabeni. Ngokuthwebula izithombe zokudla, lobu buchwepheshe bungakwazi ukunquma uhlobo lokudla, ukulinganisa osayizi bezingxenye, futhi ngisho nokuqukethwe okunomsoco. Le nqubo ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukuthwebula isithombe sento yokudla, ngemva kwalokho isistimu ihlaziya isithombe isebenzisa ama-algorithms aqeqeshiwe ukuze ibone amaphethini nezici ezihambisana nezinhlobo ezithile zokudla.

Intuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukunemba kanye nokwandisa ububanzi bokudla okubonakalayo. Ucwaningo lwango-2023 olushicilelwe ku-National Center for Biotechnology Information lugqamisa ukufunda okujulile, indlela ye-AI esebenzisa amanethiwekhi amaningi emizwa afana nobuchopho bomuntu, ukuze kubonwe ukudla okuthuthukisiwe. Lezi ntuthuko zivumela ukuhlonza okunembayo nokuhlaziya, ngisho nasezindaweni zokudla eziyinkimbinkimbi njengezitsha ezixutshwe noma amapuleti aminyene. Ucwaningo lwango-2022 oluvela ku-Frontiers in Nutrition lubonisa ukuthi lezi zinhlelo manje sezingakwazi kanjani ukuphatha kangcono ukudla okuhlukahlukene nezitayela zokwethulwa kokudla, zihlinzekela imikhuba yokudla ehlukahlukene kanye nokuthandwayo kuwo wonke amasiko ahlukene.

Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla kudlulela ngalé kokuhlonza nje. Lezi zinhlelo ziya ngokuya zihlanganiswa namathuluzi okuphatha ezempilo nokudla okunomsoco, zisiza ukuqapha kanye nokuhlola ukudla. Isibonelo, lobu buchwepheshe bungasiza abantu ukuthi balandelele ukudla abakudlayo futhi benze ukukhetha okunempilo okunolwazi, okunomthelela emiphumeleni yezempilo engcono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunentshisekelo ekhulayo yokusebenzisa lezi zinhlelo emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kokuphathwa kokudla, izilungiselelo zemfundo zokuqwashisa ngokudla okunempilo, kanye nemboni yokudla yokulawula ikhwalithi nokuzibandakanya kwabathengi.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ngokukhula kokukhathazeka komhlaba wonke mayelana nokukhuluphala nokungondleki, ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla bungadlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni imikhuba yokudla enempilo. Inikeza abantu indlela enembile yokuqapha indlela abadla ngayo, okungase kuholele ekukhetheni ukudla okunolwazi futhi okunempilo. Lo mkhuba ungase ukhuthaze amabhizinisi ahlobene nokudla ukuthi agxile kakhulu entweni yokondleka, akhuthaze ukushintshela ekukhetheni ukudla okunempilo.

Ezinkampanini zokudla neziphuzo, ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla bunikeza ithuba eliyingqayizivele lokuzibandakanya kwamakhasimende okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemakethe. Ngokuhlanganisa lobu buchwepheshe ezinsizakalweni zabo, izinkampani zingathola ulwazi mayelana namaphethini okudla kwabathengi nezinto ezithandwayo, okubenza bakwazi ukuhlanganisa imikhiqizo yabo ngempumelelo. Lolu shintsho lungaholela ekuthuthukisweni komkhiqizo namasu okumaketha. Ukwengeza, ingasiza izinkampani ekuthobeleni imithetho nezindinganiso zokudla okunempilo, iqinisekise ukuhambisana nokuthuthukisa ukwethenjwa komphakathi.

Ohulumeni bangase basebenzise ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla ukuze babhekane nezinselele zempilo yomphakathi futhi basebenzise izinqubomgomo ezisebenzayo zokudla okunomsoco. Lobu buchwepheshe bungahlinzeka ngedatha ebalulekile yokuqonda imikhuba yokudla yabantu abahlukahlukene, busize ekudaleni imikhankaso yezempilo eqondisiwe kanye nokungenelela. Ingakwazi futhi ukuqapha futhi isebenzise izindinganiso zokudla ezikhungweni zikahulumeni njengezikole nezibhedlela, iqinisekise ukuthi imihlahlandlela yezokudla iyahlangatshezwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lobu buchwepheshe bungadlala indima ezinhlelweni zokuvikela ukudla, busize ekuboneni nasekubhekaneni nokuntuleka kokudla okunomsoco kubantu abasengozini.

Imithelela yezinhlelo zokuqaphela ukudla

Imithelela ebanzi yezinhlelo zokuqaphela ukudla ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ukushintsha amasu okumaketha ezinkampani zokudla, kugxile entweni yokondleka kanye nezinzuzo zezempilo ukuze kuhambisane nezitayela zabathengi.
• Ukukhula ezinhlelweni zemfundo kugxile ekudleni nasempilweni, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokuqaphela ukudla njengethuluzi lokufundisa.
• Ukunwetshwa kwezindlela eziqhutshwa yidatha ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, okuvumela izincomo eziqondene nawe zokudla kanye namasu okuvikela ezempilo.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwamamodeli ebhizinisi amasha embonini yokudla kugxile ekondlekeni komuntu siqu kanye nezinsizakalo zokuphatha ukudla.
• Ukwenyuswa kokuqondisa kukahulumeni ekulebulani kokudla nokukhangisa, ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokuba sobala olwazini lokudla okunempilo.
• Ukukhuphuka kwamathuba emisebenzi aqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi ekuhlaziyweni kwedatha nokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware yemikhakha yezokudla nezempilo.
• Izinguquko emikhubeni yokuthenga yabathengi, ngokuncamela abathengisi nemikhiqizo ehlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla ukuze uthole ulwazi lokudla okunempilo.
• Ukugcizelelwa okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kokudla okusimeme, okuqhutshwa ulwazi oluvela kubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla ngokulahlwa kokudla kanye nomthelela wemvelo.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla empilweni yansuku zonke kungabumba kanjani kabusha ukuqonda kwethu kanye nobudlelwano nokudla, ikakhulukazi mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu kanye nokukhetha kokudla?
• Ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukudla bungalithinta kanjani ikusasa lokukhiqizwa nokusatshalaliswa kokudla, ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa ukulingana phakathi kwezidingo zabathengi, izidingo zokudla okunomsoco, nokusimama kwemvelo?