Ukulandelela ukulethwa nokuphepha: Izinga eliphezulu lokubonisa izinto

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• November 9, 2023

Amaphuzu avelele okuqonda

Ukwanda kwesidingo sezikhathi zokulethwa okunembile kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulandela umkhondo obuthuthukisiwe, obukhuliswe umqedazwe we-COVID-19, kuholele ezisombululweni ezintsha zokulandela iphakheji ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Ukubonisa izinto obala okwenyukile akugcini nje ngokuqinisa ukwaneliseka nokwethenjwa kwamakhasimende kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukuhlelwa nokuphathwa kwempahla. Imithelela ebanzi ihlanganisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-supply chain, ukuhambisana nemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe, ukwanda kwesidingo sobuchwepheshe be-cybersecurity, ukugqugquzelwa kwezinqubo ezizinzile, kanye nokuba sengcupheni okungenzeka ku-cyberattack.

Ukulandelela ukulethwa kanye nomongo wokuphepha

Isidingo sokwazi isikhathi esiqondile sokufika kwe-oda sikhule kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi, okuwumkhuba owakhula phakathi nobhadane lwe-COVID-19 lapho ukulandelela ukulethwa kwamukelwa kabanzi. Ubuchwepheshe bokulandela umkhondo buthuthuke kakhulu kangangokuthi amakhasimende manje angakwazi ukuhlonza isiqukathi esithile esiphethe umkhiqizo wawo, esimakwe ngeyunithi yokugcinwa kwesitoko (SKU). Le nqubo yokulandelela ethuthukisiwe ihlinzeka ngokusobala futhi isebenza njengephrothokholi yezokuphepha, evikela kokubili okuthengiswayo nabasebenzi.

Ukulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela kuvumela imikhiqizo ukuthi ilandelelwe ohambweni lwayo phakathi kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka, kusukela ezitsheni ezithile zempahla kuya emigqonyeni yokugcina izimpahla. Izinkampani ezahlukahlukene ziyathuthuka kulo mkhakha, njenge-Chicago-based ShipBob, enikezela ngokulandelelwa kwe-SKU yesikhathi sangempela ukuze kukhanye ngokugcwele kumazinga wokusungula kanye nesikhathi sokugcwalisa. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Flexport inikeza inkundla yomhlaba wonke yokuqapha izimpahla ezithuthwa ngezindiza, amaloli, imikhumbi, nezitimela. Futhi i-Arviem, inkampani yaseSwitzerland, isebenzisa iziqukathi ezihlakaniphile ezinikwe amandla yi-IoT ukuqapha impahla ngesikhathi sangempela.

Ukulindela okukhulayo komthengi ekulethweni kosuku olufanayo kudinga intuthuko yokulandelela iphakheji nokusebenza kahle. Imodeli yokulethwa ebonisa ngale ingakwazi ukulandelela amaphakheji ezingeni elincane, elihlanganisa izinto zokusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kokubikezela ukwebiwa nezikhathi zokulethwa, ama-drones ne-AI kungase kusetshenziselwe ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso bomkhiqizo. Kodwa-ke, nakuba amafemu amaningi e-supply chain ne-logistics amukele ukulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela, umkhuba ojwayelekile womkhakha wonke usazosungulwa. 

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ubuchwepheshe bokulandela umkhondo obuthuthukisiwe buzonikeza abathengi namabhizinisi ukubonakala okungakaze kubonwe kuma-oda abo, kukhuphule ukuziphendulela. Leli zinga lokubeka izinto obala ngeke nje lithuthukise ukwaneliseka nokwethenjwa kwamakhasimende kodwa lingase liholele ekusebenzeni kahle okukhulu kwezokuthutha kanye nokuphathwa kwempahla njengoba izinkampani zithola ukuqonda okungathí sina kokusebenza kochungechunge lwabo lokuhlinzeka. Kungasiza ekuboneni izingqinamba, kwehlise inani lempahla eyeqile, futhi kwandise ukusabela ekufuneni ukushintshashintsha.

Ukusetshenziswa okuvelayo kokulandela ukulethwa ukuqapha isitoreji seketango elibandayo. Ucwaningo lwango-2022 olwanyatheliswa ku-Journal of Shipping and Trade luhlongoze indlela yokulandelela ukuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi athuthuke emithini nasekulethweni kokudla ngenxa yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Lo mshini uhlanganisa inethiwekhi yenzwa engenantambo (WSN), i-radio frequency identification (RFID), kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto. Obunye ubuchwepheshe obungase bube khona i-blockchain, eyenza wonke umuntu osochungechungeni lokunikezela ukuthi abone inqubekelaphambili yokudiliva ngebhuja yomphakathi engenakuphazanyiswa.

Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo ezithuthukisiwe zokulandela umkhondo nokuphepha kungaphakamisa izinselele ezintsha. Ukuthobela imithetho, ikakhulukazi mayelana nobumfihlo bedatha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-drone, kungase kube nzima kakhulu. Abathengi nabalawuli bangase baveze ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuqoqwa, ukugcinwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwedatha ekhiqizwe ngokulandelelwa kwesikhathi sangempela. 

Imithelela yokulandelela ukulethwa nokuphepha

Imithelela ebanzi yokulandelela ukudiliva nokuphepha ingase ihlanganise: 

• Ukuthembela kwabathengi ekuthengeni nasekulethweni ku-inthanethi kuyakhula, okuholela ekwandeni kwama-oda nokwethembeka, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabathengi abaqotho.
• Ukuncipha kokulahlekelwa kanye nokuphazamiseka ohlelweni lokuhlinzeka, okuholela ekwehleni kwezindleko zokusebenza. Ngokuchithwa kwezinsiza ezimbalwa, izinkampani zingagxila ekukhuleni nasekutshaleni imali.
• Izinkampani zikwazi ukuthobela imithetho yezohwebo namasiko, ezikhuthaza izinqubomgomo ezivulekile nezisebenza kahle zokuhwebelana kwemingcele.
• Ukwanda kwesidingo sochwepheshe be-cybersecurity kanye ne-automation njengoba kuthuthukiswa izinhlelo zokulandela umkhondo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
• Umnotho oyindilinga ophromotha ukutholakala okuzinzile, ukugaywa kabusha, kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha.
• Ukwanda kokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi okungase kuphazamise ingqalasizinda ebalulekile yezwe, njengamandla nokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
• Ohulumeni abakha imithetho engamele ukuqoqwa kwedatha nokusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi okulandelela njengezinzwa, amakhamera, nama-drones.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Uma usebenza kwezokuthutha, inkampani yakho isebenzisa kanjani ubuchwepheshe bokulandelela ukulethwa?
• Yibuphi obunye ubuchwepheshe obunamandla obungathuthukisa ukubonakala kokulandela umkhondo wokulethwa?