Open-ended gaming: From high scorers to high comfort

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  Quantumrun Foresight
• February 27, 2024

Insight highlights

Open-ended gaming, a genre valuing freedom and player-driven experiences, is transforming the gaming landscape by emphasizing exploration and creativity over structured objectives. This shift towards relaxation-focused gaming, exemplified by the rise of cozy gaming, is reshaping player experiences and influencing market trends, educational methods, and mental health strategies. This trend's broader societal and economic impacts could include changes in consumer behavior, educational curricula, and the potential integration of these games into wellness programs and public health initiatives.

Open-ended gaming context

Open-ended or sandbox gaming is an immersive video game genre focused on exploration, creativity, and experimentation within a virtual environment. The essence of sandbox gaming is freedom - players are encouraged to explore the game world at their own pace, engage with its elements in any order, and discover various interactions without the constraint of a definitive endpoint or win condition. This open-ended nature fosters a player-driven experience, where the journey and interaction are more significant than reaching a particular objective.

Players can significantly alter the game environment and create new content. These games may have storylines, but these typically provide context rather than direct the gameplay. Challenges in sandbox games emerge naturally from the architecture and player actions. In contrast, linear games guide players through a predefined path with specific objectives and limited environmental interaction or creativity opportunities. Types of sandbox games include collaborative, simulation, role-playing, and creative, each offering unique experiences and learning opportunities.

Open-ended games are often compared to open-world games. While both genres provide exploration opportunities, they differ in narrative structure. Open-world games guide players through a structured narrative within a free-to-explore world, whereas sandbox games do not have a structured narrative. Some games blend elements of both genres, offering open-world exploration with sandbox-like customization and player choice.

Disruptive impact

One sub-genre of open-ended gaming is cozy gaming, which surged in popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The rise of this genre, characterized by games like Animal Crossing and Stardew Valley, signifies a shift in gaming culture towards relaxation and comfort. This trend reflects a broader societal preference for leisure activities that relieve stress and promote mental well-being. As a result, developers and publishers may shift their focus toward creating content that prioritizes soothing and non-competitive gameplay. 

From an economic perspective, cozy gaming presents new opportunities for companies in related industries. As players seek to enhance their gaming atmosphere with comfortable settings and accessories, there is potential growth in markets for gaming-friendly furniture, ambient lighting, and other related products. This trend also opens avenues for collaborations with industries like home decor and aromatherapy. 

Governments and educational institutions could leverage open-ended games for therapeutic and educational purposes. Recognizing the calming effects of such games, they could be incorporated into mental health strategies, offering an accessible form of digital therapy. In academic settings, these games could create engaging, stress-free learning environments, particularly in subjects where simulation and role-playing can aid understanding. 

Implications of open-ended gaming

Wider implications of open-ended gaming may include: 

• Educational institutions incorporate open-ended gaming into curriculums, using these games as tools for stress relief and interactive learning.


• Mental health strategies adopting cozy gaming as a form of digital therapy, expanding the range of non-pharmacological treatments available for stress and anxiety.


• A shift in consumer spending towards gaming accessories and environments that promote comfort, potentially boosting industries related to interior design and ergonomic furniture.


• Reduced interest in high-intensity, competitive games, impacting the traditional video game market and esports.


• A broader demographic appeal for video games, with open-ended gaming attracting non-traditional audiences, including older generations and those with no gaming experience.


• Potential for cozy gaming to influence labor practices, with companies incorporating gaming into employee wellness programs to reduce workplace stress.


• Governments recognizing the value of open-ended gaming in public health initiatives, potentially leading to funding and support for research in gaming and well-being.


• Video game marketing strategies are evolving to emphasize the relaxing and therapeutic aspects of gaming, potentially changing the public perception of video games from being solely entertainment-focused to wellness-oriented.

Questions to consider

• If you play open-ended games, which ones are your favorite?


• What are the other potential use cases of these relaxing games?