UVC light to disinfect: A healthier path to purification?

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  Quantumrun Foresight
• July 17, 2024

Insight summary

Ultraviolet-C (UVC) light is a growing method for disinfecting indoor spaces, killing pathogens without harmful residues. In particular, Far-UVC, which is safer for humans, can effectively eliminate viruses like SARS-CoV-2, making it ideal for occupied areas. However, despite its promise, there are concerns about the long-term effects and lack of standardized safety protocols.

UVC light to disinfect context

UVC irradiation is an increasingly popular method for disinfection, particularly in indoor public spaces. UVC light effectively inactivates a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, by damaging their DNA and preventing replication. Unlike traditional chemical disinfectants, UVC does not leave harmful residues, making it an environmentally friendly option. This feature has led to the development of UVC-based devices for use in various settings, from hospitals to public transport, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Far-UVC, operating at a wavelength of 222 nanometers (nm), offers a promising alternative to conventional 254 nm UVC light, as it is safer for human exposure while maintaining high disinfection efficacy. This type makes it suitable for occupied spaces, reducing health risks associated with traditional UVC. A 2021 study has shown far-UVC's ability to inactivate pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 with an efficacy exceeding 99.9 percent without manual cleaning. 

Adopting autonomous UVC-based devices, including robots, has further enhanced the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of disinfection processes. These devices can operate continuously, minimizing manual intervention and associated costs. However, UVC disinfection lacks standardized protocols for its effective and safe use, with potential health risks related to exposure, such as skin and eye damage. While far-UVC is safer, long-term exposure effects and environmental impact remain areas of uncertainty. Despite these challenges, the advancements in UVC technology represent a significant leap forward in our ability to maintain hygienic environments.

Disruptive impact

The widespread use of UVC disinfection in public spaces, such as schools, hospitals, and public transport, can reduce the transmission of infectious diseases, leading to healthier communities. This trend can result in fewer sick days, less stress on healthcare systems, and improved public health. However, there are potential risks if UVC devices are not adequately regulated or misused, including skin and eye damage from direct exposure.

For businesses, adopting UVC disinfection technology can streamline operations by reducing the frequency and cost of manual cleaning. Autonomous UVC robots can disinfect large areas more efficiently, ensuring a higher cleanliness standard and potentially lowering workplace-related illnesses. This technology can be particularly beneficial for the hospitality, healthcare, and transportation industries, where maintaining a germ-free environment is crucial. Companies may need to invest in training and safety measures to prevent accidental exposure and address concerns about long-term health impacts on employees.

Governments may establish clear guidelines and safety standards to ensure UVC devices are effective and safe for public use. These measures include regulating the deployment of far-UVC technology and funding research to better understand the long-term effects of exposure. Additionally, governments can promote the adoption of UVC disinfection in public infrastructure to enhance public health measures and reduce the spread of infectious diseases.

Implications of UVC light to disinfect

Wider implications of UVC light to disinfect may include: 

• Increased use of UVC disinfection in public spaces leading to higher public health standards and reduced disease transmission.


• Businesses investing in UVC technologies to improve workplace safety and reduce absenteeism.


• New job opportunities in the UVC technology sector, including development, manufacturing, and maintenance roles.


• Schools incorporating UVC disinfection in their cleaning protocols, ensuring safer learning environments for students.


• Public transport systems adopting UVC disinfection methods to maintain hygiene and restore passenger confidence.


• Increased demand for UVC disinfection products driving technological advancements and innovations.


• Environmental benefits from reduced use of chemical disinfectants, leading to less pollution and chemical waste.


• Political debates around UVC exposure safety and the need for comprehensive public health policies.

Questions to consider

• How might UVC disinfection change how you feel about safety in public spaces like schools and hospitals?


• What steps could your workplace take to integrate UVC technology and ensure a healthier environment?