Pamene malonda a e-commerce afa, dinani ndi matope amatenga malo ake: Tsogolo la malonda P3

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2010, atolankhani masauzande aukadaulo adaneneratu za chiwonongeko chomwe chikubwera cha ogulitsa njerwa ndi matope m'manja mwa oyambitsa ma e-commerce omwe adatuluka ku Silicon Valley, New York, ndi China. Ndipo kwazaka zambiri za 2010s, ziwerengerozi zidawonetsa izi ndi masamba a e-commerce omwe akuchulukirachulukira, pomwe unyolo wa njerwa ndi matope adatseka malo ndi malo.

Koma pamene ma 2010 akuyandikira kumapeto, mizere yamtunduwu ikuyamba kugwa pansi pa kulemera kwa hype yawo.

Chinachitika ndi chiyani? Chifukwa chimodzi, makampani opanga njerwa ndi matope okhetsa magazi adaganiza za digito ndikuyamba kuyika ndalama zambiri pazamalonda awo a e-commerce, ndikukulitsa mpikisano pamsika wa digito. Pakadali pano, zimphona zazikulu za e-commerce monga Amazon zidatsekereza magawo okulirapo a ogula adijito, kuphatikiza kutchuka kwa kutumiza kwaulere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zodula kuti oyambitsa ma e-commerce alowe mumsika. Ndipo makasitomala a pa intaneti, ambiri, adayamba kutaya chidwi ndi mafashoni ogula malonda a e-commerce monga ma webusaiti ogulitsa (Groupon) komanso pang'ono, malo olembetsa.

Poganizira zomwe zikubwerazi, kodi mtundu watsopano wamalonda udzawoneka bwanji mu 2020s?

Kusintha kwa Njerwa ndi Mtondo ku Click ndi Mortar

Pakati pa 2020 ndi 2030, ogulitsa akwanitsa kukonza ogula ambiri kuti azigula zambiri tsiku lililonse pa intaneti. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ambiri m’mayiko otukuka adzasiya kugula zinthu zofunika pamoyo ndipo m’malo mwake azingogula “zofuna” mwakuthupi.

Mukuwona izi tsopano ndi osunga ndalama m'sitolo nthawi zina akukupatsani makuponi apaintaneti okhazikika kutsogolo kwa risiti yanu kapena kukupatsani kuchotsera 10% ngati mungalembetse kalata yawo yamakalata. Posachedwapa, ogulitsa 'm'mbuyomu mutu wa kusinkhasinkha adzatembenuzidwa akakhwima mapulatifomu awo a e-commerce ndikulimbikitsa ogula kuti agule zinthu zawo pa intaneti ali m'sitolo (kufotokozedwa mu mutu wachiwiri za mndandanda uno). M'malo mwake, kafukufuku adapeza kuti pali mwayi wochulukirapo wa ogula kugula zinthu nthawi zambiri amalumikizana nawo ndikufufuza zomwe zili m'sitoloyo.

Pofika pakati pa 2020s, ogulitsa odziwika bwino ayamba kutsatsa malonda oyamba a Black Friday pa intaneti komanso pambuyo pa Khrisimasi. Ngakhale kuti zotsatira zoyamba zogulitsa zidzasakanizidwa, kuwonjezereka kwakukulu kwa chidziwitso cha akaunti ya makasitomala atsopano ndi kugula deta kudzakhala mgodi wa golide wotsatsa malonda ndi malonda kwa nthawi yaitali. Izi zikafika pomaliza, malo ogulitsa njerwa ndi matope apanga kusintha kwawo komaliza kuchoka pakukhala msana wandalama wa ogulitsawo kupita ku chida chake chachikulu chodziwikiratu.

Kwenikweni, ogulitsa onse akuluakulu adzakhala mabizinesi a e-commerce poyamba (mwanzeru zandalama) koma azisunga gawo la malo awo ogulitsira kuti azitha kutsatsa komanso kutengera makasitomala. Koma funso lidakalipo, bwanji osachotsa masitolo palimodzi?

Kukhala wogulitsa pa intaneti kokha kumatanthauza:

*Kuchepetsa mtengo wokhazikika—malo ochepa a njerwa ndi matope amatanthauza kulipira lendi yocheperako, malipiro, inshuwaransi, kukonzanso sitolo kwanyengo, ndi zina zotero;

*Kuchulukitsa kwazinthu zomwe zingagulitse pa intaneti, motsutsana ndi malire azomwe zili m'sitolo;

*Gulu lamakasitomala opanda malire;

*Kusonkhanitsa kwakukulu kwa deta yamakasitomala yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kugulitsa bwino ndi kugulitsa makasitomala zinthu zambiri;

*Ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zodziwikiratu zam'tsogolo komanso malo operekera ziphaso zitha kukhala zotsika mtengo kwambiri.

Tsopano, ngakhale mfundo izi zonse zili bwino, kumapeto kwa tsiku, sitiri maloboti. Kugula akadali chisangalalo chovomerezeka. Ndizochitika zosangalatsa. Chofunika kwambiri, malingana ndi kukula, ubwenzi (ganizirani za mafashoni), ndi mtengo wa chinthucho, anthu amakonda kuwona ndi kuyanjana ndi zomwe akufuna kugula asanagule. Ogula amakhala ndi chidaliro chochulukirapo mumitundu yomwe ili ndi malo ogulitsira omwe amatha kupitako ndikucheza nawo.

Pazifukwa izi ndi zina zambiri, mabizinesi apa intaneti okha, monga Warby Parker ndi Amazon, atsegula nkhokwe zawo za njerwa ndi matope, ndipo ali kupeza bwino nawo. Malo ogulitsa njerwa ndi matope amapatsa mtundu chinthu chamunthu, njira yolumikizirana ndi kumva mtundu mwanjira yomwe palibe tsamba lomwe lingapereke. Komanso, kutengera komwe mukukhala komanso momwe nthawi yanu yogwirira ntchito ilili yosadziwika bwino, malo awa amakhala ngati malo abwino oti mutengere zomwe mudagula pa intaneti.

Chifukwa chazomwezi, zomwe mumakumana nazo kumapeto kwa 2020s malo ogulitsa zidzakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi lero. M'malo mongoyang'ana kukugulitsani chinthu, ogulitsa amangoganizira za kukugulitsani mtundu komanso zomwe mumakumana nazo m'masitolo awo.

Zokongoletsera za sitolo zidzapangidwa bwino komanso zodula. Zogulitsa zidzawonetsedwa bwino kwambiri. Zitsanzo ndi swag zina zaulere zidzaperekedwa mowolowa manja. Zochita za m'sitolo ndi maphunziro amagulu omwe amalimbikitsa mosalunjika mtundu wa sitolo, chikhalidwe chake, ndi mtundu wa zinthu zake zidzakhala zofala. Ndipo kwa oyimira makasitomala (oyang'anira sitolo), adzaweruzidwa mofanana pa malonda omwe amapanga, komanso kuchuluka kwa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi mauthenga omwe amatchula omwe amapanga.

Ponseponse, zomwe zikuchitika mzaka khumi zikubwerazi ziwona kutha kwa malonda a e-commerce komanso mtundu wanjerwa ndi matope. M'malo mwawo, tiwona kukwera kwamtundu wa 'click and mortar', awa ndi makampani osakanizidwa omwe adzatseketsa bwino kusiyana pakati pa malonda a e-commerce ndi malonda amtundu wa anthu. 

Zipinda zokometsera komanso tsogolo losavuta

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, pofika pakati pa 2020s, zipinda zoyenera zizikhala chizindikiro chakusintha kwakusintha kwamitengo.

Kwa mitundu yamafashoni, makamaka, zipinda zokometsera zidzakhala malo ofunikira kwambiri pakupanga sitolo ndi zothandizira. Adzakulirakulira, apamwamba kwambiri komanso kukhala ndi ukadaulo wochulukira mwa iwo. Izi zikuwonetsa kuyamikira komwe kukukulirakulira kuti chisankho chogula ogula chimachitika mchipinda choyenerera. Ndipamene kugulitsa kofewa kumachitika, bwanji osaganiziranso zomwe amakonda wogulitsa?

Choyamba, masitolo osankhidwa adzakonza zipinda zawo zoyenera ndi cholinga choti wogula aliyense amene amalowa m'sitolo kuti alowe m'chipinda choyenera. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuwonjezera zowonera zogulira komwe makasitomala angasankhe zovala ndi makulidwe omwe akufuna kuyesa. Wogwira ntchitoyo amasankha zovala zomwe wasankha kenako ndikulembera mameseji kwa wogulayo pomwe chipinda chake chomuyenerera chakonzeka ndi zovala zawo zoyalidwa bwino kuti ayese.

Ogulitsa ena adzayang'ana pa chikhalidwe mbali ya kugula. Amayi makamaka amakonda kugula m'magulu, sankhani zovala zingapo kuti ayese, ndipo (malinga ndi mtengo wa zovala) amatha kukhala maola awiri mu chipinda choyenerera. Imeneyi ndi nthawi yochuluka yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'sitolo, kotero ogulitsa adzaonetsetsa kuti akugwiritsa ntchito kulimbikitsa mtunduwo m'njira yabwino - ganizirani za mipando yamtengo wapatali, zithunzi zazithunzi zapamwamba za zovala za instagram, komanso zotsitsimula. 

Zipinda zina zoyenerera zimathanso kukhala ndi mapiritsi okhala ndi khoma owonetsa sitolo, zomwe zimalola ogula kuti azisakatula zovala zambiri, komanso podina pa skrini, adziwitse ogulitsa kuti awabweretsere zovala zambiri kuti ayese osatuluka m'chipinda choyenera. Ndipo zowonadi, mapiritsiwa amathandiziranso kugula zovala nthawi yomweyo, m'malo moti wogula apite ulendo ndikudikirira pamzere kwa cashier atayesa zovalazo. 

Malo ogulitsira sapita posachedwa

Monga tanena kale, akatswiri azamalamulo koyambirira kwa 2010 adaneneratu kugwa kwa malo ogulitsira, kuphatikiza kugwa kwa njerwa ndi matope. Ndipo ngakhale zili zowona kuti malo ogulitsira ambiri atseka kudera lonse la North America, zoona zake ndizakuti malo ogulitsira ali pano, ngakhale atakhala aakulu bwanji. Ndipo zimenezi siziyenera kudabwitsa. M'matauni ambiri ndi madera oyandikana nawo, malo ogulitsira ndi malo apakati a anthu, ndipo m'njira zambiri, amakhala malo a anthu wamba.                       

Ndipo pamene ogulitsa ayamba kuyang'ana kwambiri malo awo ogulitsa malonda, malo ogulitsa omwe ali ndi malingaliro opita patsogolo amathandizira kusinthaku popereka zochitika zazikulu zomwe zimathandizira kuti mtunduwo upangidwe mkati mwa masitolo ndi malo odyera omwe amakhalamo. Zochitika zazikuluzikuluzi zikuphatikiza zitsanzo monga malo ogulitsa kukulitsa zokongoletsa panthawi yatchuthi, kulola mobisa kapena kulipira "mwachisawawa" chogawana nawo pazama TV. zochitika zamagulu, ndikuyika pambali malo ochitira anthu zochitika zapamudzi pamalo ake - ganizirani misika ya alimi, ziwonetsero za zojambulajambula, yoga yagalu, ndi zina zotero.                       

Mall adzagwiritsanso ntchito pulogalamu yogulitsira yomwe yatchulidwamo mutu woyamba za mndandandawu zomwe zingalole masitolo pawokha kuzindikira mbiri yanu yogula ndi zizolowezi zanu. Komabe, malo ogulitsira adzagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa kuti aziwona momwe mumayendera komanso masitolo kapena malo odyera omwe mumapitako kwambiri. Kachiwiri mukalowa mu "smart mall" mtsogolo, mudzadziwitsidwa pafoni yanu kapena magalasi owonjezera zenizeni za malo ogulitsira atsopano, zochitika zamsika, ndi malonda omwe angakusangalatseni.                       

Pachiphamaso, pofika m'ma 2030, malo osankhidwa adzakhala ndi makoma ndi pansi zokhala ndi zowonetsera za digito zomwe zidzayendetse malonda (kapena mayendedwe a sitolo) ndipo amakutsatirani (kapena kukutsogolerani) kulikonse kumene mukuyenda. Chifukwa chake imayamba zaka zotsatirika, zotsatsa zapaintaneti zomwe zimalowa m'dziko lopanda intaneti.

Mitundu yapamwamba imamatira njerwa ndi matope

Monga momwe zomwe tazilemba pamwambapa zitha kutanthauza kuphatikizika kwakukulu pakati pa sitolo ndi malonda a e-commerce, ogulitsa ena amasankha kutsutsana ndi tirigu. Makamaka, m'masitolo apamwamba-malo omwe mtengo wa nthawi yogula pafupifupi $10,000-zogula zomwe amalimbikitsa sizingasinthe nkomwe.

Mitundu yapamwamba komanso malo ogulitsira sakupanga mabiliyoni ambiri ngati H&M's kapena Zara's padziko lapansi. Amapanga ndalama zawo potengera momwe akumvera komanso moyo wawo womwe amapereka kwa makasitomala amtengo wapatali omwe amagula zinthu zawo zapamwamba.         

Zowonadi, adzagwiritsa ntchito chatekinoloje yapamwamba kwambiri kuti azitha kutsata zomwe makasitomala amagula ndikulonjera ogula ndi ntchito zawo zokha (monga tafotokozera m'mutu woyamba wa mndandanda uno), koma kuponya $50,000 pachikwama chamanja sichosankha chomwe mungapange pa intaneti, ndi chisankho mwanaalirenji masitolo bwino athe munthu. M'malo mwake, kafukufuku wa Euromonitor akuti 94 peresenti yazogulitsa zonse zapamwamba padziko lonse lapansi zimachitikabe m'sitolo.

Pazifukwa izi, malonda a e-commerce sadzakhala patsogolo pamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri. Zapamwamba zapamwamba zimagulitsidwa makamaka ndi zothandizira zosankhidwa mosamala ndi mawu apakamwa pakati pa magulu apamwamba. Ndipo kumbukirani, olemera kwambiri samagula kawirikawiri pa intaneti, amakhala ndi opanga ndi ogulitsa amabwera kwa iwo.

Gawo lachinayi ndi lomaliza la tsogolo ili la mndandanda wa zogulitsa malonda lidzayang'ana pa chikhalidwe cha ogula pakati pa zaka za 2030 ndi 2060. Timayang'ana nthawi yayitali za chikhalidwe cha anthu, zachuma, ndi zamakono zomwe zidzasintha zomwe tidzagula m'tsogolomu.

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