Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are celebrated for their remarkable performance and easy fabrication process. However, traditional hole transport layers (HTLs) like Poly (triarylamine) (PTAA), Nickel Oxide (NiOx), and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT) have inherent drawbacks that hinder their efficiency and stability.